Timeline of the JPAD2 cohort study.

<p><b>A,</b> The timeline of the JPAD trial and the JPAD2 cohort study. RCT indicates randomized controlled trial. <b>B,</b> The flow chart of the JPAD trial and the JPAD2 cohort study.</p

Incidence of positive urine dipstick albumin in patients on long-term low-dose aspirin therapy in the on-treatment analysis.

<p>In the on-treatment analysis, low-dose aspirin had no effect on the incidence of positive urine dipstick albumin (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.28; log-rank <i>P</i> = 0.32).</p

Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis using serum microRNAs ((A) miR-7, (B) miR-34a, (C) miR-181d, (D) miR-193b) for distinguishing PDAC from AIP.

<p>Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis using serum microRNAs ((A) miR-7, (B) miR-34a, (C) miR-181d, (D) miR-193b) for distinguishing PDAC from AIP.</p

Serum miRNA expression in PDAC at different Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stages.

<p>The Y-axis (log₁₀ scale) represents the relative expression of each miRNA normalized to cel-miR-39. Boxes represent the interquartile range, and the horizontal line across each box indicates the median value. The significance of differences was determined using Mann-Whitney test (**P < .01: *P < .05). (A) miR-7 expression. (B) miR-34a expression. (C) miR-181d expression. (D) miR-193b expression. PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; AIP, autoimmune pancreatitis.</p

Serum expression of miRNAs in patients with pancreatic diseases.

<p>Scatter plots of serum miRNA expression in AIP (n = 15), IPMN (n = 26) and PDAC patients (n = 69). The Y-axis represents the relative expression of the miRNAs normalized to cel-miR-39. The line represents the median value. The significance of differences was determined using Mann-Whitney test (***P < .001: **P < .01). (A) miR-7 expression. (B) miR-34a expression. (C) miR-181d expression. (D) miR-193b expression. AIP, autoimmune pancreatitis; IPMN, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.</p

Clinical characteristics of the study population.

<p>Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; MN, membranous glomerulonephritis;</p><p>FSGS, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; MCD, minimal change disease.</p><p>Clinical parameters are presented as means ± S.D.</p

Multiple regression analysis^A of serum FGF23 levels in early CKD patients (stages 1–3).

A<p>Adjusted coefficient of determination (R²); R² = 0.256 , <i>P</i><0.0001.</p>B<p>Standard partial regression coefficient.</p><p>Abbreviations: α-KL, α-klotho; PTH, parathyroid hormone; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate,</p><p>FGF23, fibroblast growth factor 23; Pi, inorganic phosphate.</p>a<p>eGFR was calculated using the creatinine-based Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Equation.</p

Correlations between serum FGF23 and urinary fractional excretion of phosphate (FEPi) in CKD patients.

<p>(A–D) Serum FGF23 concentration plotted against FEPi in CKD patients at stage 1 (A), 2 (B), 3 (C) and 4–5 (D). Correlations were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient.</p

Clinical mineral metabolism parameters in patients with CKD.

<p>(A) Serum corrected calcium concentrations (white bars) and inorganic phosphate concentrations (black bars). (B) Serum 1,25VitD₃ concentrations. (C) Serum intact PTH concentrations. (D) Serum FGF23 concentrations. Data are shown as means ± S.D. Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test with Bonferroni's adjustment was used to compare groups: #1, <i>P</i><0.005 vs. stage 1; #2, <i>P</i><0.005 vs. stage 2; #3, <i>P</i><0.005 vs. stage 3; #4, <i>P</i><0.005 vs. stage 4.</p

Correlation between serum FGF23 and renal α-Klotho (α-KL) in CKD patients.

<p>(A–D) Serum FGF23 concentration plotted against renal α-KL level in CKD patients at stage 1 (A), 2 (B), 3 (C) and 4–5 (D). Correlations were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient.</p