An Analysis and Some Considerations of Empirical Lessons in the Unit "Forest, Atmosphere and Life" in Social Studies Education (2): An Analysis and Some Considerations of Workbooks.

本研究は、開発した単元「森林と大気と生活」の学習書に基づいて実施した実験授業の結果を分析、考察したものである。実験授業の結果、問題集、作文、推せん課題レポート、プリテスト、ポストテスト等のデータを得ることができた。これらのデータ分析・考察することによって、開発した学習書が個別学習用教材として適切であったか、どのような社会認識を形成したか、実験授業によって社会認識がどのように変化したか、その理由は何かなどを明らかにすることを目的としている。本稿は、問題編の問題群への回答の分析と考察を行い、どのよう社会認識が形成されたかを明らかにした

An Analysis and Some Considerations of Empirical Lessons in the Unit“ Forest, Atmosphere and Life” in Elementary Social Studies Education (7): An Analysis and Some Considerations of Questionnaire.

本研究は，小学校６年生を対象に開発した単元「森林と大気と生活」の学習書に基づいて実施した実験授業の結果を分析・考察したものである。実験授業の結果，問題集，作文，「推せん課題」レポート，自己評価（反省），アンケートなどのデータを得ることができた。これらのデータを分析・考察することによって，開発した学習書が個別学習用教材として適切であったか，どのような社会認識を形成したか，実験授業によって社会認識がどのように変化したか，その理由は何かなどを明らかにすることを目的としている。本稿では，アンケート調査の結果を分析し，５，６年時に行った「ひとり学習」及び５年時に実施した単元「森林と水と生活」と６年時に実施した単元「森林と大気と生活」の実験授業が児童にとってどのような意味を持っていたかを明らかにした

調べる力を育てる中学校社会科地理授業の開発(2)

本研究では、中学校社会科地理的分野の学習において、一人ひとりの生徒に調べる力や学ぶ力、見方・考え方を育成することを目指している。このため、個別学習（指導）が可能な地理学習プリントを開発した。学習プリントは、生徒が所持している教科書や資料集などをもとに、生徒が自ら学習にとりくむことができるように作成している。本稿では、開発した学習プリントを用いて実施した授業から得られた生徒のノート、感想文を分析することによって、生徒にどのような調べる力、地理的見方・考え方が形成できたかを、明らかにした

Effects of lactoferrin on collagen gel contractile activity and myosin light chain phosphorylation in human fibroblasts

AbstractWhen fibroblasts are plated on a type I collagen gel they reduce the size of the gel and the extent of collagen gel contraction reflects the motile activity of the fibroblasts. We found that both bovine and human lactoferrin (Lf) enhanced the collagen gel contractile activity of WI-38 human fibroblasts. Rho inhibitor (exoenzyme C3), Rho kinase inhibitor (Y-27632), myosin light chain kinase inhibitor (ML-7), MEK inhibitor (PD98059) and Src family tyrosine kinase inhibitor inhibited the Lf-enhanced collagen gel contraction. Treatment of fibroblasts with Lf induced the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) within 30 min. Lf-enhanced MLC phosphorylation was inhibited by Y-27632 and ML-7. These results suggest that Lf promotes the motility of fibroblasts by regulating MLC phosphorylation

Structure of the carboxyl-terminal Src kinase, Csk

This research was originally published in Journal of Biological Chemistry. Akira Ogawa, Yoshiharu Takayama, Hiroaki Sakai, Khoon Tee Chong, Satoru Takeuchi, Atsushi Nakagawa, Shigeyuki Nada, Masato Okada and Tomitake Tsukihara. Structure of the carboxyl-terminal Src kinase, Csk. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2002; 277, 14351-14354. © the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Relationship between oxygen cost and C-reactive protein response to marathon running in college recreational runners

Purpose: Individual variations in response of C-reactive protein (CRP) to acute strenuous exercise are less well known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between running economy and systemic inflammation following a marathon.Materials and methods: Sixteen college recreational runners participated in this study. To measure maximal oxygen uptake and running economy, the treadmill running test was performed 1–2 weeks before the marathon race. Running economy was defined as oxygen cost (mL/kg/km) at submaximal running. CRP and muscle damage markers (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase) were measured before and 1, 2, and 3 days after the race.Results: All subjects completed the race in 4 hours 7 minutes 43 seconds±44 minute 29 seconds [mean±SD]. The marathon running significantly increased CRP and muscle damage markers. The levels of inflammation and muscle damage peaked after 1 day and remained high throughout the 3-day recovery period compared to that before the race. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the change in CRP level was significantly positively correlated with oxygen cost (r=0.619, P=0.011) but not maximal oxygen uptake. There was no significant relationship in responses between muscle damage markers and CRP.Conclusion: These findings suggest that running economy is related to postmarathon race CRP response. Further study to clarify the cause of the relationship and clinical significance of transient increase in CRP is necessary

市民ランナーにおけるマラソンシーズンの生理学的指標，パフォーマンスの回復ならびにトレーニング負荷と主観的体調との関係

Some recreational runners participate in consecutive races within a short period. A high frequency of participation may not allow for sufficient recovery time, leading to overreaching. This case study reports on the training load, physiological variables, performance, and psychometric status of a male recreational runner during the 16-week marathon season. The runner completed 4 marathon races in a period of 8 weeks (6-14 week). Training load was quantified based on the cumulative time spent in 3 intensity zones (zone 1: < ventilatory threshold, zone 2: between ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point, zone 3: < respiratory compensation point) using heart rate monitoring. The Hooper questionnaire was completed every morning to quantify sleep, stress, fatigue, and muscle soreness. The runner performed 4 identical treadmill running test over the season. The coefficient of variation for maximal velocity and physiological variables was 1.0% and 1.8‐5.2%, respectively. Pearson correlation showed significant relationships between training load and stress, fatigue, and muscle soreness. There was no significant relationship between training load and sleep. In conclusion, it appeared that this runner was able to complete 4 marathon races without overreaching. These findings suggest that the training load and Hooper questionnaire are practical tools for monitoring of recreational runners during the marathon season

99mTc-DTPA腎摂取率法を用いたGFR測定による分腎機能評価

金沢大学大学院医学系研究

腎摂取率法を用いたGFR,ERPF,FF,算出による分腎機能評価

金沢大学大学院医学系研究