Additional file 3: Figure S2. of Exogenous short-term silicon application regulates macro-nutrients, endogenous phytohormones, and protein expression in Oryza sativa L.

Information for GC-MS-SIM chromatogram. Me-JA retention time was 18:46 and internal standard (9,10-2H2 JA) retention time was 18:70. (DOCX 15 kb

SPAD values of Star and Suziblue at different time and locations.

SPAD values of Star and Suziblue at different time and locations.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Exogenous short-term silicon application regulates macro-nutrients, endogenous phytohormones, and protein expression in Oryza sativa L.

Conditions of GC-MS-SIM and HPLC for analyzing the plant hormones. (DOCX 14 kb

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Exogenous short-term silicon application regulates macro-nutrients, endogenous phytohormones, and protein expression in Oryza sativa L.

Information for GC-MS-SIM chromatogram. Bioactive GA1 showed two different ion values [2H2 GA1 (508 ion) was used as the standard and GA1 (506 ion) was used as endogenous GA1]. (DOCX 14 kb

Table1_A novel study on bean common mosaic virus accumulation shows disease resistance at the initial stage of infection in Phaseolus vulgaris.docx

Accurate and early diagnosis of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in Phaseolus vulgaris tissues is critical since the pathogen can spread easily and have long-term detrimental effects on bean production. The use of resistant varieties is a key factor in the management activities of BCMV. The study reported here describes the development and application of a novel SYBR Green-based quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay targeting the coat protein gene to determine the host sensitivity to the specific NL-4 strain of BCMV. The technique showed high specificity, validated by melting curve analysis, without cross-reaction. Further, the symptoms development of twenty advanced common bean genotypes after mechanical BCMV-NL-4 infection was evaluated and compared. The results showed that common bean genotypes exhibit varying levels of host susceptibility to this BCMV strain. The YLV-14 and BRS-22 genotypes were determined as the most resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively, in terms of aggressiveness of symptoms. The accumulation of BCMV was analyzed in the resistant and susceptible genotypes 3, 6, and 9 days following the inoculation by the newly developed qRT-PCR. The mean cycle threshold (Ct) values showed that the viral titer was significantly lower in YLV-14, which was evident in both root and leaf 3 days after the inoculation. The qRT-PCR thus facilitated an accurate, specific, and feasible assessment of BCMV accumulation in bean tissues even in low virus titers, allowing novel clues in selecting resistant genotypes in the early stages of infection, which is critical for disease management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of a successfully performed qRT-PCR to estimate BCMV quantification.</p

Effect of combined treatment with SA and NaCl for 4 days on phenotypic changes in rice plants.

<p>Arabic numbers indicate each treatment (1: control, 2: 0.5 mM SA, 3: 1.0 mM SA, 4: 0.5 mM SA + 100 mM NaCl, 5: 1.0 mM SA + 100 mM NaCl, 6: 100 mM NaCl) and capital letters indicate different treatment periods (A: 1 day, B: 2 days, C: 3 days, D: 4 days). The white vertical bar in the figure represents 10 cm.</p

Effects of single application of SA or NaCl, and combined treatment of SA and NaCl on the mRNA expression of <i>OsGSNOR</i>, <i>OsNIR</i>, and <i>OsNOA</i> in rice plants.

<p>Lowercase letters indicate a significant difference among treatments. DAT (days after treatment) refers to the period of SA and NaCl exposure. Vertical bars with error bars indicate the average ± standard error (n = 3), and different letters indicate a significant difference at P < 0.05. All data were analyzed by DMRT.</p

Shoot length and fresh weight of rice seedlings in response to SA application (0.5 and 1.0 mM) in the presence and absence of salt stress (100 mM).

<p>Shoot length and fresh weight of rice seedlings in response to SA application (0.5 and 1.0 mM) in the presence and absence of salt stress (100 mM).</p

Effects of single application of SA or NaCl, and combination treatment of SA and NaCl on <i>OsAPX1</i> expression in rice plants.

<p>Lowercase letters indicate a significant difference among treatments. Vertical bars with error bars indicate the average ± standard error (n = 3), and different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05. All data were analyzed by DMRT.</p

Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence and the electric conductivity ratio after combination treatment of rice plants with SA and NaCl, and single treatment with SA or NaCl.

<p>A and B indicate changes in chlorophyll fluorescence and the EC ratio during different treatment times, respectively. Each symbol indicates the average, and the bar indicates ± standard error (n = 3).</p