A Novel Apoptosis Correlated Molecule: Expression and Characterization of Protein Latcripin-1 from Lentinula edodes C91–3

An apoptosis correlated molecule—protein Latcripin-1 of Lentinula edodes C91–3—was expressed and characterized in Pichia pastoris GS115. The total RNA was obtained from Lentinula edodes C91–3. According to the transcriptome, the full-length gene of Latcripin-1 was isolated with 3′-Full Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) and 5′-Full RACE methods. The full-length gene was inserted into the secretory expression vector pPIC9K. The protein Latcripin-1 was expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 and analyzed by Sodium Dodecylsulfonate Polyacrylate Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot. The Western blot showed that the protein was expressed successfully. The biological function of protein Latcripin-1 on A549 cells was studied with flow cytometry and the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyl-tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) method. The toxic effect of protein Latcripin-1 was detected with the MTT method by co-culturing the characterized protein with chick embryo fibroblasts. The MTT assay results showed that there was a great difference between protein Latcripin-1 groups and the control group (p < 0.05). There was no toxic effect of the characterized protein on chick embryo fibroblasts. The flow cytometry showed that there was a significant difference between the protein groups of interest and the control group according to apoptosis function (p < 0.05). At the same time, cell ultrastructure observed by transmission electron microscopy supported the results of flow cytometry. The work demonstrates that protein Latcripin-1 can induce apoptosis of human lung cancer cells A549 and brings new insights into and advantages to finding anti-tumor proteins

Focused ultrasound-mediated suppression of chemically-induced acute epileptic EEG activity

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder, which is attributed to uncontrollable abnormal hyper-excitability of neurons. We investigated the feasibility of using low-intensity, pulsed radiation of focused ultrasound (FUS) to non-invasively suppress epileptic activity in an animal model (rat), which was induced by the intraperitonial injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>After the onset of induced seizures, FUS was transcranially administered to the brain twice for three minutes each while undergoing electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring. An air-backed, spherical segment ultrasound transducer (diameter: 6 cm; radius-of-curvature: 7 cm) operating at a fundamental frequency of 690 KHz was used to deliver a train of 0.5 msec-long pulses of sonication at a repetitive rate of 100 Hz to the thalamic areas of the brain. The acoustic intensity (130 mW/cm²) used in the experiment was sufficiently within the range of safety guidelines for the clinical ultrasound imaging. The occurrence of epileptic EEG bursts from epilepsy-induced rats significantly decreased after sonication when it was compared to the pre-sonication epileptic state. The PTZ-induced control group that did not receive any sonication showed a sustained number of epileptic EEG signal bursts. The animals that underwent sonication also showed less severe epileptic behavior, as assessed by the Racine score. Histological analysis confirmed that the sonication did not cause any damage to the brain tissue.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results revealed that low-intensity, pulsed FUS sonication suppressed the number of epileptic signal bursts using acute epilepsy model in animal. Due to its non-invasiveness and spatial selectivity, FUS may offer new perspectives for a possible non-invasive treatment of epilepsy.</p

Application of ultra-high pressure hydraulic slotting technology in medium hardness and low permeability coal seam

In order to improve the gas pre-drainage efficiency of medium hard coal seam with high gas and low permeability, the applicable conditions, advantages and disadvantages of hydraulic piercing, hydraulic fracturing and hydraulic cutting seam anti-permeability technology were discussed. Based on the principle of ultra-high pressure hydraulic slotting technology, a kind of ultra-high pressure hydraulic slotting device for through-layer drilling is developed, it is mainly composed of diamond hydraulic slotting bit, shallow spiral drill pipe, ultra-high pressure rotary joint, ultra-high pressure clean water pump, high-low pressure converter, ultra-high pressure rubber pipe, etc. The water pressure reaches 60−100 MPa, which can realize the integration of drilling and cutting, and is simple and convenient to use. The device was used to carry out field tests in the pre-drainage boreholes of 11-2 coal seam through the floor roadway of 1361(1) haulage gateway in Dingji coal mine. The coal seam gas pressure was 1.43 MPa, the gas content was 8.05 m3/t, and the gas permeability coefficient was 0.013 m2/ (MPa2·d), the coal seam firmness coefficient is 0.79; 1361(1) transportation roadway floor No.11−No.15 drilling area unit length 227 meters, using high-pressure hydraulic slotting anti-permeability measures, 1361(1) transportation roadway floor No.6—No.10 drilling area unit length 213 meters, anti-permeability measures of low-pressure water punching in coal mine. The results show that the average single-knife slitting time of ultra-high pressure hydraulic slitting drilling is 10.7 min, the single-knife coal output is 0.31 t, the equivalent slitting radius is 1.38 m, the slitting density of the coal hole section is 1 knife/m, and the average cutting rate per hole is The average gas drainage concentration of ultra-high pressure hydraulic slotted holes is 56.97%, which is 2.37 times that of low-pressure punching; The time to reach the standard is about 23 days, which is 74.4% and 54.9% shorter than that of ordinary drilling and hydraulic punching technology respectively. Compared with ordinary drilling and hydraulic punching technology, ultra-high pressure hydraulic slotting technology is more ideal for gas drainage in low permeability medium-hard coal seams

Thingking and utilization technology of coalbed methane in soft and low permeability coal seams in Huainan Mining Area

In order to solve the problems that restrict the efficient development of coalbed methane resources under the conditions of soft and low permeability outburst coal seams in Huainan Mining Area, such as complex coal seam structure, multi-source gas emission, rapid decline of drainage flow, high rock roadway and drilling costs, and low (ultra-low) concentration coalbed methane utilization rate, six key technologies suitable for the coordinated development mode of coal and coalbed methane under the condition of coal seam group mining in Huainan mining area are put forward, namely: coalbed methane extraction technology of ground level staged fracturing wells, shield rapid construction technology of coalbed methane extraction roadways, enhanced extraction technology of underground soft coalbed methane, coalbed methane extraction technology of pressure relief in ground mining area, the construction technology of "replacing roadways with holes", and cascade utilization technology of low concentration coalbed methane. The application of supporting key technologies shows that staged fracturing technology and refined drainage and production technology of roof horizontal wells in broken and soft coal seam have effectively improved the pre pumping production of coalbed methane; The full face hard rock roadheader in deep coal mine roadway greatly improves the roadway excavation efficiency, realizing the automation and less humanization of hard rock excavation; Sand adding of hydraulic fracturing and ultra-high hydraulic slotting have realized pressure relief and permeability enhancement in large areas underground coal mine; Type III and IV surface mining area wells can replace the roof high drainage roadway in the treatment of pressure relief gas in coal seam group mining, and reduce the coalbed methane drainage intensity of other measures; The technology of "replacing roadways with holes" has significantly improved the quality of successful directional drilling at middle and high levels in complex roof; Cascade utilization technology of low concentration coalbed methane has greatly reduced the emission of coalbed methane. The six key technologies have guaranteed the safe production in Huainan mining area, and comprehensively improved the output of coal and coalbed methane and the utilization level of coalbed methane. Six key technologies ensure the safe production in Huainan mining area, and comprehensively improved the output of coal and coalbed methane and the utilization level of coalbed methane. Finally, in view of the problems such as high operation cost, low production, small scope of hydraulic fracturing coal reservoir reconstruction technology for surface horizontal wells, and the risk of breakage of mining wells, and small scale of cascade utilization of ultra-low concentration coalbed methane, the development direction of deep CBM precise geological guidance, super large scale efficient reservoir volume transformation, pumping effect evaluation technology, stable and continuous pumping technology of surface wells in mining areas, underground large area intelligent hydraulic enhanced permeability technology, "one well with multiple uses" collaborative pumping CBM technology, and full concentration CBM comprehensive utilization technology are proposed

Self-Supervised Railway Surface Defect Detection with Defect Removal Variational Autoencoders

In railway surface defect detection applications, supervised deep learning methods suffer from the problems of insufficient defect samples and an imbalance between positive and negative samples. To overcome these problems, we propose a lightweight two-stage architecture including the railway cropping network (RC-Net) and defects removal variational autoencoder (DR-VAE), which requires only normal samples for training to achieve defect detection. First, we design a simple and effective RC-Net to extract railway surfaces accurately from railway inspection images. Second, the DR-VAE is proposed for background reconstruction of railway surface images to detect defects by self-supervised learning. Specifically, during the training process, DR-VAE contains a defect random mask module (D-RM) to generate self-supervised signals and uses a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) as pixel loss. In addition, the decoder of DR-VAE also acts as a discriminator to implement introspective adversarial training. In the inference stage, we reduce the random error of reconstruction by introducing a distribution capacity attenuation factor, and finally use the residuals of the original and reconstructed images to achieve segmentation of the defects. The experiments, including core parameter exploration and comparison with other models, indicate that the model can achieve a high detection accuracy

Assessment of embodied carbon transfer in China’s interregional gas–electricity–heat trade based on multi-stream and multi-node model

With the implementation of the national ”dual carbon” goal, fully and effectively evaluating the spatial carbon transfer of regional natural gas–electricity–heat trade flows will help to better clarify the regional carbon emission reduction responsibilities and improve the efficiency of regional coordinated emission reduction. Therefore, this paper adopts an accounting system based on production and consumption, constructs a multi-stream and multi-node carbon transfer assessment model of regional natural gas–electricity–heat chain, calculates the embodied carbon transfer of natural gas–electricity–heat trade transmission, and analyzes the path of spatial transfer of implied carbon emissions between regions in China. The results show that the implicit spatial carbon transfer pattern of China’ s gas, electricity and heat cross-regional trade shows that Beijing, Tianjin and coastal developed areas have gradually become the main carbon inflows, and the NWC, NEC and other regions with rich resources but underdeveloped areas have become the main carbon outflows; the path of regional carbon transfer is roughly from upstream underdeveloped regions to downstream regions with better economic development, of which the secondary and tertiary transfers of embodied carbon from natural gas account for 6.1% and 0.8% of the total transfer

Collaborative Trajectories Optimization for Tram and Connected Vehicles at Signalized Intersection

In order to alleviate the conflict at intersections in a networked environment between trams in a semi-exclusive right-of-way mode and social vehicles, the running characteristics of these trams and vehicles and their coupling characteristics with the intersection signal are analyzed. The positive and negative effects of the special priority signal on the intersection are considered, and a guidance optimization model that combines urban rails and roads is constructed. With the aim of creating an unplanned delay adjustment scenario for trams, an online collaborative optimization algorithm is proposed, which takes the energy consumption, passenger travel time and comfort of both trams and connected vehicles as optimization objectives in order to realize integrated adjustment of the running trajectories and signal timing, and the population is evolved by using an adaptive elitist genetic algorithm. The study is based on the actual traffic information and timing scheme of an intersection on the T1 line of the Sanya Tram. By comparing with conventional trajectories, the optimized trajectories reduce the total transit time by about 17.1%, the total energy consumption by about 34.7% and the passenger discomfort degree by about 27.8%. The contradiction of the right-of-way distribution at the intersection is alleviated, effectively safeguarding the interests of different users and enterprises. The experimental results show that the model has excellent applicability for different proportions of passenger numbers

Fabrication of YSZ coatings on nickel-based alloys by anodic electrophoretic deposition

In the paper, YSZ coatings were prepared on nickel-based alloy substrates by anodic electrophoretic deposition. The YSZ suspension solution was obtained under stirring and ultrasonic treatment, in which the anhydrous ethanol and acetylacetone were used as the dispersion medium and ammonium polyacrylate was used as the dispersant of the suspension. The effects of different deposition voltage and deposition time on YSZ coating were investigated. Meantime, the microstructure of the coating surface was observed by metallographic microscope. It was found that the high-quality YSZ coating could be obtained by deposition at 60 V for 2–3 min. Finally, the effect of sintering temperature on coating quality was investigated by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the YSZ coating bonded closely with the substrate after sintering at 1200 °C, and the porosity of the YSZ coating increased after sintering

Modified Principal Component Analysis for Identifying Key Environmental Indicators and Application to a Large-Scale Tidal Flat Reclamation

Identification of the key environmental indicators (KEIs) from a large number of environmental variables is important for environmental management in tidal flat reclamation areas. In this study, a modified principal component analysis approach (MPCA) has been developed for determining the KEIs. The MPCA accounts for the two important attributes of the environmental variables: pollution status and temporal variation, in addition to the commonly considered numerical divergence attribute. It also incorporates the distance correlation (dCor) to replace the Pearson’s correlation to measure the nonlinear interrelationship between the variables. The proposed method was applied to the Tiaozini sand shoal, a large-scale tidal flat reclamation region in China. Five KEIs were identified as dissolved inorganic nitrogen, Cd, petroleum in the water column, Hg, and total organic carbon in the sediment. The identified KEIs were shown to respond well to the biodiversity of phytoplankton. This demonstrated that the identified KEIs adequately represent the environmental condition in the coastal marine system. Therefore, the MPCA is a practicable method for extracting effective indicators that have key roles in the coastal and marine environment