530 research outputs found
Myofibrillar protein gel properties are influenced by oxygen concentration in modified atmosphere packaged minced beef
Minced beef was stored for 8 days and myofibrillar protein (MP) was extracted to investigate the effect of oxygen concentration (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80%) in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on heat-induced gel properties. Compression force of gels was lower when prepared from beef packaged in 0% oxygen, intermediate in 20 to 60% oxygen and greater in 80% oxygen. Total water loss of gels prepared from beef packaged with oxygen (20-80%) was higher and rheology measurements presented higher G' and G '' values. Additionally, gels from beef packaged without oxygen exhibited higher J (t) values during creep and recovery tests, demonstrating that oxygen exposure of meat during storage in MAP affect MP in such a way that heat-induced protein gels alter their characteristics. Generally, storage with oxygen in MAP resulted in stronger and more elastic MP gels, which was observed already at a relative low oxygen concentration of 20%. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe
The biological effects of IL-21 signaling on B-cell-mediated responses in organ transplantation
Antibody-mediated rejection has emerged as one of the major issues limiting the success of organ transplantation. It exerts a highly negative impact on graft function and outcome, and effective treatment is lacking. The triggers for antibody development, and the mechanisms leading to graft dysfunction and failure, are incompletely understood. The production of antibodies is dependent on instructions from various immunocytes including CD4 T-helper cells that secrete interleukin (IL)-21 and interact with antigen-specific B-cells via costimulatory molecules. In this article, we discuss the role of IL-21 in the activation and differentiation of B-cells and consider the mechanisms of IL-21 and B-cell interaction. An improved understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in antibody-mediated complications after organ transplantation could lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies, which control humoral alloreactivity, potentially preventing and treating graft-threatening antibody-mediated rejection
TBIN: Modeling Long Textual Behavior Data for CTR Prediction
Click-through rate (CTR) prediction plays a pivotal role in the success of
recommendations. Inspired by the recent thriving of language models (LMs), a
surge of works improve prediction by organizing user behavior data in a
\textbf{textual} format and using LMs to understand user interest at a semantic
level. While promising, these works have to truncate the textual data to reduce
the quadratic computational overhead of self-attention in LMs. However, it has
been studied that long user behavior data can significantly benefit CTR
prediction. In addition, these works typically condense user diverse interests
into a single feature vector, which hinders the expressive capability of the
model. In this paper, we propose a \textbf{T}extual \textbf{B}ehavior-based
\textbf{I}nterest Chunking \textbf{N}etwork (TBIN), which tackles the above
limitations by combining an efficient locality-sensitive hashing algorithm and
a shifted chunk-based self-attention. The resulting user diverse interests are
dynamically activated, producing user interest representation towards the
target item. Finally, the results of both offline and online experiments on
real-world food recommendation platform demonstrate the effectiveness of TBIN
A novel control system design for automatic feed drilling operation of the PLC-based oil rig
Aiming at the difficulties in realizing the accurate control due to the nonlinearity of the automatic drilling system of oil drilling rig, a design scheme is proposed by giving a constant drilled-pressure to the rig for fuzzy control. Sampling error with changes in the signal was sent into the fuzzy controller, which turned the signal into a fuzzy volume. Subsequently, a precise volume was obtained accordingly and then added to an actuator for the motor control. According to the MATLAB simulation results, the response could be faster and more stable compared with the traditional control
Diagnostic Value of Transbronchial Needle Aspiration and Endobronchial Ultrasoundguided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for Hilar and Mediastinal Lymph Nodes in Lung Cancer Patients
Background and objective Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) and endobronchial ultrasoundguided TBNA (EBUS-TBNA) have been applied to the diagnosis for mediastinal lymph nodes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical value and safety of TBNA and EBUS-TBNA on hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes of lung cancer patients. Methods Two hundred fifty patients with suspected lung cancer were enrolled. All petients with hilar and/or mediastinal lymphoadenopathy found by CT scan received TBNA, biopsy and brushing. EBUS-TBNA was performed in 15 patients among them. Results Lung cancer were confirmed in 180 patients by TBNA, biopsy and brushing. The positive rates were 82.86%, 51.24% and 45.45%. Fifteen patients after EBUS-TBNA had a positive rate of 91.67%. Conclusion TBNA and EBUS-TBNA were proved to be safe procedure with a high yield for the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer patients
Evaluate What You Can't Evaluate: Unassessable Quality for Generated Response
LLMs (large language models) such as ChatGPT have shown remarkable language
understanding and generation capabilities. Although reference-free evaluators
based on LLMs show better human alignment than traditional reference-based
evaluators, there are many challenges in using reference-free evaluators based
on LLMs. Reference-free evaluators are more suitable for open-ended examples
with different semantics responses. But not all examples are open-ended. For
closed-ended examples with unique correct semantic response, reference-free
evaluators will still consider it high quality when giving a response that is
inconsistent with the facts and the semantic of reference. In order to
comprehensively evaluate the reliability of evaluators based on LLMs, we
construct two adversarial meta-evaluation dialogue generation datasets
KdConv-ADV and DSTC7-ADV based on KdConv and DSTC7-AVSD, respectively. Compared
to previous meta-evaluation benchmarks, KdConv-ADV and DSTC7-ADV are much more
challenging since they requires evaluators to be able to reasonably evaluate
closed-ended examples with the help of external knowledge or even its own
knowledge. Empirical results show that the ability of LLMs to identify
unreasonable responses is insufficient. There are risks in using eference-free
evaluators based on LLMs to evaluate the quality of dialogue responses.Comment: preprin
- …