Three-dimensional laser-induced photoacoustic tomography of mouse brain with the skin and skull intact

Three-dimensional laser-induced photoacoustic tomography, also referred to as optoacoustic tomography, is developed to image animal brain structures noninvasively with the skin and skull intact. This imaging modality combines the advantages of optical contrast and ultrasonic resolution. The distribution of optical absorption in a mouse brain is imaged successfully. The intrinsic optical contrast reveals not only blood vessels but also other detailed brain structures, such as the cerebellum, hippocampus, and ventriculi lateralis. The spatial resolution is primarily diffraction limited by the received photoacoustic waves. Imaged structures of the brain at different depths match the corresponding histological pictures well

Noninvasive laser-induced photoacoustic tomography for structural and functional in vivo imaging of the brain

Imaging techniques based on optical contrast analysis can be used to visualize dynamic and functional properties of the nervous system via optical signals resulting from changes in blood volume, oxygen consumption and cellular swelling associated with brain physiology and pathology. Here we report in vivo noninvasive transdermal and transcranial imaging of the structure and function of rat brains by means of laser-induced photoacoustic tomography (PAT). The advantage of PAT over pure optical imaging is that it retains intrinsic optical contrast characteristics while taking advantage of the diffraction-limited high spatial resolution of ultrasound. We accurately mapped rat brain structures, with and without lesions, and functional cerebral hemodynamic changes in cortical blood vessels around the whisker-barrel cortex in response to whisker stimulation. We also imaged hyperoxia- and hypoxia-induced cerebral hemodynamic changes. This neuroimaging modality holds promise for applications in neurophysiology, neuropathology and neurotherapy

Noninvasive laser-induced photoacoustic tomography for structural and functional in vivo imaging of the brain

Imaging techniques based on optical contrast analysis can be used to visualize dynamic and functional properties of the nervous system via optical signals resulting from changes in blood volume, oxygen consumption and cellular swelling associated with brain physiology and pathology. Here we report in vivo noninvasive transdermal and transcranial imaging of the structure and function of rat brains by means of laser-induced photoacoustic tomography (PAT). The advantage of PAT over pure optical imaging is that it retains intrinsic optical contrast characteristics while taking advantage of the diffraction-limited high spatial resolution of ultrasound. We accurately mapped rat brain structures, with and without lesions, and functional cerebral hemodynamic changes in cortical blood vessels around the whisker-barrel cortex in response to whisker stimulation. We also imaged hyperoxia- and hypoxia-induced cerebral hemodynamic changes. This neuroimaging modality holds promise for applications in neurophysiology, neuropathology and neurotherapy

O diagnóstico arendtiano da modernidade e a dissolução do homo faber no animal laborans

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Florianópolis, 2018.A sociedade moderna, a partir do século XVII, exerce um papel de a-mundanidade, condição que é sublinhada pela impossibilidade de comunhão com os seres humanos, segundo propõe Hannah Arendt. Essa impossibilidade limita as relações humanas, impedindo o homem de viver em uma pluralidade, que é a condição para a ação, faculdade política por excelência. Tal a-mundanidade é marcada pelo fato de as atenções terem se voltado para a elevação da vida e a vitória do animal laborans. Essa elevação é resultado do diagnóstico moderno arendtiano, que tem como base o estudo das inversões entre ação e contemplação, depois entre fabricação e ação, e, posteriormente, entre fabricação e trabalho, sendo esta última o momento de maior introspecção e de ausência da política, segundo ela. Nesta perspectiva, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar o diagnóstico que Arendt faz da Era Moderna, para que possamos compreender de que modo se dá a dissolução do homo faber no animal laborans. Como aporte teórico, estabeleceu-se três objetivos específicos. Primeiramente, será apresentada a estrutura do pensamento político arendtiano e a primeira inversão moderna ocorrida entre a vida ativa e a vida contemplativa, que, juntamente com os outros assuntos trabalhados no primeiro capítulo, caracterizam o início do declínio da política na Modernidade. No segundo capítulo pretende-se compreender o diagnóstico arendtiano da Era Moderna e a dissolução do homo faber no animal laborans. Por fim, o terceiro capítulo tem como propósito entender quem é o animal laborans de Hannah Arendt.Abstract : Modern society, from the seventeenth century, plays a role of lack of worldliness, a condition that is underlined by the impossibility of communion with humans, according to Hannah Arendt. This impossibility limits human relations, preventing man from living in plurality, which is the condition for action, political faculty par excellence. Such a lack of worldliness is marked by the fact that attention has been directed to the elevation of life and the victory of animal laborans. This elevation is the result of the modern Arendtian diagnosis, which is based on the study of the inversions between action and contemplation, then between manufacturing and action, and later between manufacturing and labor, the latter being the moment of greater introspection and absence of politics, according to her. In this perspective, the present research aims to study the diagnosis that Arendt makes of the Modern Era, so that we can understand how the homo faber dissolves in the animal laborans. As a theoretical contribution, three specific objectives were established. First, the structure of Arendtian political thought and the first modern inversion between the active life and the contemplative life will be presented, which together with the other subjects discussed in the first chapter, characterize the beginning of the decline of politics in Modernity. In the second chapter we intend to understand the Arendtian s diagnosis of the Modern Era and the dissolution of the homo faber into animal laborans. Finally, the third chapter is to understand who is the animal laborans for Hannah Arendt

Study on the Distribution Trend of Rockburst and Ground Stress in the Hegang Mining Area

As the depth of coal mining increases, rockbursts become more severe, and multiple rockburst accidents have previously occurred, seriously affecting coal mine production safety. With the Hegang mining area as the research object and using field measurement and numerical simulation as the research methods, the geological and tectonic characteristics of each impact mine in the Hegang mining area are analyzed to obtain the tectonic stress field distribution characteristics of each mine and the tectonic stress field distribution trend in the Hegang mining area. The maximum horizontal principal stress and the minimum horizontal principal stress on the energy field in the overrun area of the retrieval working face is analyzed via numerical simulation, and the influence trend of the ground stress on the impact ground pressure is finally obtained. Results show that using the typical working face where rockburst occurs as the geological proto-type, the influence of the direction of the ground stress field, the maximum horizontal principal stress and the minimum horizontal principal stress on the energy field in the overrun area of the retrieval working face is analyzed via numerical simulation, and the influence trend of the ground stress on the impact ground pressure is finally obtained. When the angle is 70°~90°, an energy peak in the overrun area of the working face reaches its maximum. The ratio of the minimum horizontal stress to the vertical stress is positively correlated with the energy concentration in the overrun area of the working face, but its change has a minimal effect on the energy distribution in the overrun area of the working face. When this ratio is increased from 0.6 to 1.4, the peak energy of the simulated working face only increases by 8.22%, and the energy concentration area remains basically unchanged

TMT-based quantitative proteomics reveals the targets of andrographolide on LPS-induced liver injury

Abstract Background Andrographolide (Andro) is a diterpenoid derived from Andrographis paniculate, which has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and hepatoprotective activities. Gram-negative bacterial infections can cause varying degrees of liver injury in chickens, although Andro has been shown to have a protective effect on the liver, its underlying mechanism of action and effects on liver proteins are not known. Methods The toxicity of Andro on the viability of leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cells at different concentrations and times was analyzed by CCK-8 assays. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in the culture supernatants were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer to evaluate the protective effect of androscopolide on LPS-induced injury of LMH cells. Subsequently, TMT proteomics analysis were performed on the negative control group (NC group), LPS, and LPS-Andro groups, and bioinformatics analysis was performed on the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Results It was found that Andro reduced ALT and AST levels in the cell supernatant and alleviated LPS-induced injury in LMH cells. Proteomic analysis identified 50 and 166 differentially expressed proteins in the LPS vs. NC group and LPS-Andro vs. LPS group, respectively. Andro may be involved in steroid metabolic processes, negative regulation of MAPK cascade, oxidative stress, and other processes to protect against LPS-induced liver injury. Conclusions Andro protects against LPS-induced liver injury, HMGCS1, HMGCR, FDPS, PBK, CAV1, PRDX1, PRDX4, and PRDX6, which were identified by differential proteomics, may be the targets of Andro. Our study may provide new theoretical support for Andro protection against liver injury

Additional file 1 of TMT-based quantitative proteomics reveals the targets of andrographolide on LPS-induced liver injury

Supplementary Material