Energy spread and current-current correlation in quantum systems

We consider energy (heat) transport in quantum systems, and establish a relationship between energy spread and energy current-current correlation function. The energy current-current correlation is related to thermal conductivity by the Green-Kubo formula, and thus this relationship allows us to study conductivity directly from the energy spread process. As an example, we investigate a spinless fermion model; the numerical results confirm the relationship.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

Analyzing Multiple Nonlinear Time Series with Extended Granger Causality

Identifying causal relations among simultaneously acquired signals is an important problem in multivariate time series analysis. For linear stochastic systems Granger proposed a simple procedure called the Granger causality to detect such relations. In this work we consider nonlinear extensions of Granger's idea and refer to the result as Extended Granger Causality. A simple approach implementing the Extended Granger Causality is presented and applied to multiple chaotic time series and other types of nonlinear signals. In addition, for situations with three or more time series we propose a conditional Extended Granger Causality measure that enables us to determine whether the causal relation between two signals is direct or mediated by another process.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure

Morinda Officinalis

Varicoceles (VCs) are the predominant cause of male infertility and are a risk factor for chronic venous disease. Morinda officinalis (M. officinalis) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to tonify the kidney and strengthen yang. In this study, we evaluated the effects of water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from M. officinalis (MOPs) on gonadotropin-release hormone (GnRH) secretion in a classic experimental left VC (ELV) rat model. Intragastric administration of MOPs at a dose ranging from 50 mg kg−1 to 100 mg kg−1 facilitated improvements in sperm parameters and seminiferous epithelial structures, modulated serum hormone profiles, and stimulated GnRH synthesis and release in the hypothalamus. MOPs also promoted spinogenesis and functional spine maturation in the arcuate nuclei (Arc), wherein they acted mainly on Kiss1 and GnRH neurons. Moreover, MOP-mediated Kisspeptin-GPR54 pathway upregulation and MAPK phosphorylation activation may have been responsible for increases in GnRH synthesis and release. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate that MOPs were effective in stimulating GnRH secretion, possibly by upregulating the Kiss1/GPR54 pathway and enhancing synaptic plasticity, and that MOPs can serve as a therapy for early VCs

Genomic and Molecular Landscape of DNA Damage Repair Deficiency across The Cancer Genome Atlas

DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways modulate cancer risk, progression, and therapeutic response. We systematically analyzed somatic alterations to provide a comprehensive view of DDR deficiency across 33 cancer types. Mutations with accompanying loss of heterozygosity were observed in over 1/3 of DDR genes, including TP53 and BRCA1/2. Other prevalent alterations included epigenetic silencing of the direct repair genes EXO5, MGMT, and ALKBH3 in ∼20% of samples. Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) was present at varying frequency in many cancer types, most notably ovarian cancer. However, in contrast to ovarian cancer, HRD was associated with worse outcomes in several other cancers. Protein structure-based analyses allowed us to predict functional consequences of rare, recurrent DDR mutations. A new machine-learning-based classifier developed from gene expression data allowed us to identify alterations that phenocopy deleterious TP53 mutations. These frequent DDR gene alterations in many human cancers have functional consequences that may determine cancer progression and guide therapy

Adolescents and Young Adults with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Experience the Disease and the Needs of the Meta Integration

Objective: To synthesize qualitative evidence on the illness experiences and needs of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to inform nursing interventions.Methods: A systematic review (inception-Jan 2024) was conducted across nine databases (CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, VIP, Wanfang, CNKI, SinoMed). Qualitative studies exploring AYA SLE experiences were included. Studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Data synthesis followed the JBI meta-aggregation approach.Results: Four qualitative studies (all JBI-rated moderate quality) met inclusion criteria. Analysis extracted 26 unequivocal findings, grouped them into 6 categories, and synthesized 3 overarching themes: Enduring Cyclical Distress: Persistent pain, fatigue, treatment burden, and emotional turmoil. Disease-Imposed Constraints: Disrupted education/employment, social isolation, and restricted life trajectories. Resilience and Support Needs: Desire for self-management knowledge, positive coping strategies (problem-focused, adaptive emotional, social), and external support for growth.Conclusion: AYAs with SLE navigate profound physical/psychological suffering and significant life disruptions. They demonstrate potential for resilience but require proactive nursing support. Clinicians must prioritize mental health screening, provide tailored psychosocial interventions, and empower AYAs with self-management skills and accessible education to foster positive coping and improve quality of life

Case report: Basal cell carcinoma arising within the nevus sebaceous: report of 4 cases and literature review

Nevus sebaceous (NS) is a congenital hamartoma characterized by the presence of skin structures, including the epidermis, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles. NS predominantly occurs on the scalp and has the potential to give rise to secondary tumors, with a small proportion being malignant; the most frequently observed malignant tumor associated with NS is basal cell carcinoma. In this report, we retrospectively present four cases of sebaceous nevus on the scalp complicated by basal cell carcinoma. The pathological diagnoses were unequivocal in all four patients, who exhibited typical clinical manifestations, with all cases localized to the left parietotemporal region of the scalp. The etiology of NS may be linked to genetic mutations or ultraviolet exposure. Treatment options vary, with surgical resection likely being the most common method of eradication