381 research outputs found
Attentive Aspect Modeling for Review-aware Recommendation
In recent years, many studies extract aspects from user reviews and integrate
them with ratings for improving the recommendation performance. The common
aspects mentioned in a user's reviews and a product's reviews indicate indirect
connections between the user and product. However, these aspect-based methods
suffer from two problems. First, the common aspects are usually very sparse,
which is caused by the sparsity of user-product interactions and the diversity
of individual users' vocabularies. Second, a user's interests on aspects could
be different with respect to different products, which are usually assumed to
be static in existing methods. In this paper, we propose an Attentive
Aspect-based Recommendation Model (AARM) to tackle these challenges. For the
first problem, to enrich the aspect connections between user and product,
besides common aspects, AARM also models the interactions between synonymous
and similar aspects. For the second problem, a neural attention network which
simultaneously considers user, product and aspect information is constructed to
capture a user's attention towards aspects when examining different products.
Extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments show that AARM can
effectively alleviate the two aforementioned problems and significantly
outperforms several state-of-the-art recommendation methods on top-N
recommendation task.Comment: Camera-ready manuscript for TOI
Requirement analysis for dE/dx measurement and PID performance at the CEPC baseline detector
The Circular Electron-Positron Collider (CEPC) can be operated not only as a
Higgs factory but also as a Z-boson factory, offering great opportunities for
flavor physics studies where Particle Identification (PID) is critical. The
baseline detector of the CEPC could record TOF and dE/dx information that can
be used to distinguish particles of different species. We quantify the physics
requirements and detector performance using physics benchmark analyzes with
full simulation. We conclude that at the benchmark TOF performance of ps,
the dE/dx resolution should be better than 3% for incident particles in the
barrel region with a relevant energy larger than GeV/c. This performance
leads to an efficiency/purity of identification 97%/96%, reconstruction 68.19%/89.05%, and reconstruction
82.26%/77.70%, providing solid support for relevant CEPC flavor physics
measurements
Use of Structural Equation Modelling and Neural Network to Analyse Shared Parking Choice Behaviour
The shared parking mode represents a feasible solution to the persistent problem of parking scarcity in urban areas. This paper aims to examine the shared parking choice behaviours using a combination of structural equation modelling (SEM) and neural network, taking into account both the parking location characteristics and the travellers’ characteristics. Data were collected from a commercial district in Nanjing, China, through an online questionnaire survey covering 11 factors affecting shared parking choice. The method involved two steps: firstly, SEM was applied to examine the influence of these factors on shared parking choice. Following this, the seven factors with the strongest correlation to shared parking choice were used to train a neural network model for shared parking prediction. This SEM-informed model was found to outperform a neural network model trained on all eleven factors across precision, recall, accuracy, F1 and AUC metrics. The research concluded that the selected factors significantly influence shared parking choice, reinforcing the hypothesis regarding the importance of parking location and traveller characteristics. These findings provide valuable insights to support the effective implementation and promotion of shared parking
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Quantifying Uncertainties in Sequential Chemical Extraction of Soil Phosphorus Using XANES Spectroscopy.
Sequential chemical extraction has been widely used to study soil phosphorus (P) dynamics and inform nutrient management, but its efficacy for assigning P into biologically meaningful pools remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the accuracy of the modified Hedley extraction scheme using P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy for nine carbonate-free soil samples with diverse chemical and mineralogical properties resulting from different degrees of soil development. For most samples, the extraction markedly overestimated the pool size of calcium-bound P (Ca-P, extracted by 1 M HCl) due to (1) P redistribution during the alkaline extractions (0.5 M NaHCO3 and then 0.1 M NaOH), creating new Ca-P via formation of Ca phosphates between NaOH-desorbed phosphate and exchangeable Ca2+ and/or (2) dissolution of poorly crystalline Fe and Al oxides by 1 M HCl, releasing P occluded by these oxides into solution. The first mechanism may occur in soils rich in well-crystallized minerals and exchangeable Ca2+ regardless of the presence or absence of CaCO3, whereas the second mechanism likely operates in soils rich in poorly crystalline Fe and Al minerals. The overestimation of Ca-P simultaneously caused underestimation of the pools extracted by the alkaline solutions. Our findings identify key edaphic parameters that remarkably influenced the extractions, which will strengthen our understanding of soil P dynamics using this widely accepted procedure
Electron Bunch Train Excited Higher-Order Modes in a Superconducting RF Cavity
Higher-order mode (HOM) based intra-cavity beam diagnostics has been proved
effectively and conveniently in superconducting radio-frequency (SRF)
accelerators. Our recent research shows that the beam harmonics in the bunch
train excited HOM spectrum, which have much higher signal-to-noise ratio than
the intrinsic HOM peaks, may also be useful for beam diagnostics. In this
paper, we will present our study on bunch train excited HOMs, including the
theoretic model and recent experiments carried out based on the DC-SRF
photoinjector and SRF linac at Peking University.Comment: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11275014
ParticleNet and its application on CEPC Jet Flavor Tagging
Identification of quark flavor is essential for collider experiments in
high-energy physics, relying on the flavor tagging algorithm. In this study,
using a full simulation of the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), we
investigated the flavor tagging performance of two different algorithms:
ParticleNet, originally developed at CMS, and LCFIPlus, the current flavor
tagging algorithm employed at CEPC. Compared to LCFIPlus, ParticleNet
significantly enhances flavor tagging performance, resulting in a significant
improvement in benchmark measurement accuracy, i.e., a 36% improvement for
measurement and a 75% improvement for
measurement via W boson decay when CEPC operates as a Higgs factory at the
center-of-mass energy of 240 GeV and integrated luminosity of 5.6 . We
compared the performance of ParticleNet and LCFIPlus at different vertex
detector configurations, observing that the inner radius is the most sensitive
parameter, followed by material budget and spatial resolution
Comprehensive quantification of height dependence of entrainment mixing between stratiform cloud top and environment
Different entrainment-mixing processes of turbulence are crucial to processes related to clouds; however, only a few qualitative studies have been concentrated on the vertical distributions of entrainment-mixing mechanisms with low vertical resolutions. To quantitatively study vertical profiles of entrainment-mixing mechanisms with a high resolution, the stratiform clouds observed in the Physics of Stratocumulus Top (POST) project are examined. The unique sawtooth flight pattern allows for an examination of the vertical distributions of entrainment-mixing mechanisms with a 5ĝ€¯m vertical resolution. Relative standard deviation of volume mean radius divided by relative standard deviation of liquid water content is introduced to be a new estimation of microphysical homogeneous mixing degree, to overcome difficulties of determining the adiabatic microphysical properties required in existing measures. The vertical profile of this new measure indicates that entrainment-mixing mechanisms become more homogeneous with decreasing altitudes and are consistent with the dynamical measures of Damköhler number and transition scale number. Further analysis shows that the vertical variation of entrainment-mixing mechanisms with decreasing altitudes is due to the increases of turbulent dissipation rate in cloud and relative humidity in droplet-free air and the decrease of size of droplet-free air. The results offer insights into the theoretical understanding and parameterizations of vertical variation of entrainment-mixing mechanisms
User-Controllable Recommendation via Counterfactual Retrospective and Prospective Explanations
Modern recommender systems utilize users' historical behaviors to generate
personalized recommendations. However, these systems often lack user
controllability, leading to diminished user satisfaction and trust in the
systems. Acknowledging the recent advancements in explainable recommender
systems that enhance users' understanding of recommendation mechanisms, we
propose leveraging these advancements to improve user controllability. In this
paper, we present a user-controllable recommender system that seamlessly
integrates explainability and controllability within a unified framework. By
providing both retrospective and prospective explanations through
counterfactual reasoning, users can customize their control over the system by
interacting with these explanations.
Furthermore, we introduce and assess two attributes of controllability in
recommendation systems: the complexity of controllability and the accuracy of
controllability. Experimental evaluations on MovieLens and Yelp datasets
substantiate the effectiveness of our proposed framework. Additionally, our
experiments demonstrate that offering users control options can potentially
enhance recommendation accuracy in the future. Source code and data are
available at \url{https://github.com/chrisjtan/ucr}.Comment: Accepted for presentation at 26th European Conference on Artificial
Intelligence (ECAI2023
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