NMDA Receptors of Gastric-Projecting Neurons in the Dorsal Motor Nucleus of the Vagus Mediate the Regulation of Gastric Emptying by EA at Weishu (BL21)

A large number of studies have been conducted to explore the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) for the treatment of gastrointestinal motility. While several lines of evidence addressed the basic mechanism of EA on gastrointestinal motility regarding effects of limb and abdomen points, the mechanism for effects of the back points on gastric motility still remains unclear. Here we report that the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist kynurenic acid inhibited the gastric emptying increase induced by high-intensity EA at BL21 and agonist NMDA enhanced the effect of the same treatment. EA at BL21 enhanced NMDAR, but not AMPA receptor (AMPAR) component of miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) in gastric-projecting neurons of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). In sum, our data demonstrate an important role of NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission of gastric-projecting DMV neurons in mediating EA at BL21-induced enhancement of gastric emptying

Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance for the BiPO_4–<i>x</i> Nanorod Induced by Surface Oxygen Vacancy

The BiPO_4–<i>x</i> nanorod with surface oxygen vacancy was fabricated via vacuum deoxidation. The concentration and kind of oxygen vacancy could be controlled by tuning the deoxidation temperature and time in vacuum. The photocatalytic activity depended on the concentration and kind of surface oxygen vacancy, and the optimum photocatalytic activity and photocurrent of the BiPO_4–<i>x</i> nanorod was about 1.5 and 2.5 times as high as that of pure BiPO₄, respectively. Besides, the photocatalytic response wave range of the BiPO_4–<i>x</i> nanorod has been expanded to more than 365 nm. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity is attributed to the high separation efficiency of photoinduced electron–hole pairs due to the broadening of the valence band (VB) induced by surface oxygen-vacancy states, and the extending of photoresponse is considered to be the narrowing of energy band gap resulting from the rise of the valence band maximum (VBM)

Nanoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance

Nanoporous g-C₃N₄ (npg-C₃N₄) with high surface area was prepared by a bubble-templating method. A higher calcination heating rate and proportion of thiourea can result in a larger surface area and better adsorption and photodegradation activities of npg-C₃N₄. Compared with the bulk g-C₃N₄, the adsorption capacity for the target pollutants and photocatalytic degradation and photocurrent performances under visible light irradiation of npg-C₃N₄ were greatly improved. The optimal photodegradation activity of npg-C₃N₄ was 3.4 times as high as that of the bulk g-C₃N₄. The enhanced activities of npg-C₃N₄ can be attributed to the larger number of surface active sites, improved separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, and higher efficiency of charge immigration

XPS study of incident angle effects on the ion beam modification of InP surfaces by 6 keV O2 +

10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199911)27:113.0.CO;2-JSurface and Interface Analysis2711993-997SIAN

Photocatalytic activity enhancement of PDI supermolecular via π-π action and energy level adjusting with graphene quantum dots

Herein, perylene bisimide supramolecular (PDI) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were successfully layer-by-layer assembled via electrostatic interaction. The apparent rate constant of photocatalytic reaction for phenol degradation of GQDs/PDI-14 % (0.018 min−1) was 4.73 times as high as nano PDI under visible light. Besides, the rate of H2 production of GQDs/PDI-14 % (1.6 mmol g−1· h−1) was 1.88 times over that of pure PDI. GQDs is helpful for the electrons delocalization via π-π action with PDI. Moreover, the quantum confinement effect of GQDs promotes electron transfer from GQDs to PDI, which helps the conduction band of PDI shift to more negative position and further enhance the reduction ability of PDI. The work may afford some interesting ideas for designing efficient quantum dots-modified supramolecular organic photocatalysts.11Nsciescopu

Cataluminescence and catalysis properties of CO oxidation over porous network of ZrO\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e nanorods synthesized by a bio-template

A network of ZrO 2 nanorods was prepared using the porous biomembranes as templates. The sample was characterized by SEM, XRD and nitrogen physicosorption isotherm. ZrO 2 nanoparticles were also prepared with a hydrothermal method in order to compare with this network. The results showed that after being calcined at 800 °C for 24 h, a volume contraction of ZrO 2 nanorod network occurred accompanied by a phase transformation of tetragonal-to-monoclinic ZrO 2; but the nanoparticles have grown into the large microparticles; as a result, ZrO 2 nanorod network has a higher BET area (45.7 m 2 g -1) and a larger pore volume (0.20 cm 3 g -1). The calcined network showed a higher cataluminescence (CL) intensity of CO oxidation and a higher combustion activity than the calcined particles, which was ascribed its high surface area, as well as advanced pores. © Teng et al

Decontamination of Bisphenol A from Aqueous Solution by Graphene Adsorption

The decontamination of bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous solution by graphene adsorption was investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity (<i>q</i>_m) of graphene for BPA obtained from a Langmuir isotherm was 182 mg/g at 302.15 K, which was among the highest values of BPA adsorption compared with other carbonaceous adsorbents according to the literature. Both π–π interactions and hydrogen bonds might be responsible for the adsorption of BPA on graphene, and the excellent adsorption capacity of graphene was due to its unique sp²-hybridized single-atom-layer structure. Therefore, graphene could be regarded as a promising adsorbent for BPA removal in water treatment. The kinetics and isotherm data can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm, respectively. The thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption reaction was a spontaneous and exothermic process. Besides, the presence of NaCl in the solution could facilitate the adsorption process, whereas the alkaline pH range and higher temperature of the solution were unfavorable