Table_1_A bibliometric analysis of inflammatory bowel disease and COVID-19 researches.docx

BackgroundPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often require immunosuppressive therapy and are hence susceptible to various opportunistic viral and bacterial infections. In this regard, many studies on IBD and COVID-19 have been conducted. However, no bibliometric analysis has been performed. This study provides a general overview of IBD and COVID-19.MethodsPublications about IBD and COVID-19 from 2020 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and HistCite.ResultsA total of 396 publications were retrieved and considered in this study. The maximum number of publications were from the United States, Italy, and England, and the contributions of these countries were significant. Kappelman ranked first in article citations. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases were the most prolific affiliation and journal, respectively. The most influential research topics were “management”, “impact”, “vaccination”, and “receptor”. The following keywords represented research frontiers: “depression”, “the quality of life of IBD patients”, “infliximab”, “COVID-19 vaccine”, and “second vaccination”.ConclusionsOver the past 3 years, most studies on IBD and COVID-19 have focused on clinical research. In particular, topics such as “depression”, “the quality of life of IBD patients”, “infliximab”, “COVID-19 vaccine”, and “second vaccination” were noted to have received much attention recently. Future research should focus on our understanding of the immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in biologically treated patients, the psychological impact of COVID-19, IBD management guidelines, and the long-term impact of COVID-19 in IBD patients. This study will provide researchers with a better understanding of research trends on IBD during COVID-19.</p

Table_3_A bibliometric analysis of inflammatory bowel disease and COVID-19 researches.docx

BackgroundPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often require immunosuppressive therapy and are hence susceptible to various opportunistic viral and bacterial infections. In this regard, many studies on IBD and COVID-19 have been conducted. However, no bibliometric analysis has been performed. This study provides a general overview of IBD and COVID-19.MethodsPublications about IBD and COVID-19 from 2020 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and HistCite.ResultsA total of 396 publications were retrieved and considered in this study. The maximum number of publications were from the United States, Italy, and England, and the contributions of these countries were significant. Kappelman ranked first in article citations. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases were the most prolific affiliation and journal, respectively. The most influential research topics were “management”, “impact”, “vaccination”, and “receptor”. The following keywords represented research frontiers: “depression”, “the quality of life of IBD patients”, “infliximab”, “COVID-19 vaccine”, and “second vaccination”.ConclusionsOver the past 3 years, most studies on IBD and COVID-19 have focused on clinical research. In particular, topics such as “depression”, “the quality of life of IBD patients”, “infliximab”, “COVID-19 vaccine”, and “second vaccination” were noted to have received much attention recently. Future research should focus on our understanding of the immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in biologically treated patients, the psychological impact of COVID-19, IBD management guidelines, and the long-term impact of COVID-19 in IBD patients. This study will provide researchers with a better understanding of research trends on IBD during COVID-19.</p

Table_2_A bibliometric analysis of inflammatory bowel disease and COVID-19 researches.docx

BackgroundPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often require immunosuppressive therapy and are hence susceptible to various opportunistic viral and bacterial infections. In this regard, many studies on IBD and COVID-19 have been conducted. However, no bibliometric analysis has been performed. This study provides a general overview of IBD and COVID-19.MethodsPublications about IBD and COVID-19 from 2020 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and HistCite.ResultsA total of 396 publications were retrieved and considered in this study. The maximum number of publications were from the United States, Italy, and England, and the contributions of these countries were significant. Kappelman ranked first in article citations. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases were the most prolific affiliation and journal, respectively. The most influential research topics were “management”, “impact”, “vaccination”, and “receptor”. The following keywords represented research frontiers: “depression”, “the quality of life of IBD patients”, “infliximab”, “COVID-19 vaccine”, and “second vaccination”.ConclusionsOver the past 3 years, most studies on IBD and COVID-19 have focused on clinical research. In particular, topics such as “depression”, “the quality of life of IBD patients”, “infliximab”, “COVID-19 vaccine”, and “second vaccination” were noted to have received much attention recently. Future research should focus on our understanding of the immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in biologically treated patients, the psychological impact of COVID-19, IBD management guidelines, and the long-term impact of COVID-19 in IBD patients. This study will provide researchers with a better understanding of research trends on IBD during COVID-19.</p

DataSheet1_Bibliometric analysis of publications on necroptosis from 2001 to 2021.ZIP

Background: Necroptosis plays an important role in inflammation, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, the number of studies related to necroptosis has increased and research has become increasingly in-depth. This study aimed to summarize the research conducted since 2001 to discover hotspots and trends in the field of necroptosis.Methods: The Web of Science Core database was used to identify global publications on necroptosis from 2001 to 2021. Bibliometric analysis was performed using Rstudio, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace.Results: The number of publications related to necroptosis gradually increased from 2001 to 2021. Vandenabeele P had the most publications at 45. Yuan JY had the most citations at 5,901. Necroptosis research has been dominated by China and Chinese institutions. Cell Death and Disease had the highest number of related publications among the examined journals. Seven of the top 10 most cited papers had more than 500 citations. Necroptosis, cell death, autophagy, injury, cancer, activated B cell nuclear factor kappa-light chain enhancer, and oxidative stress were important keywords in keyword analysis. Recent research has increasingly focused on breast cancer, receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1, modulation, pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein, membrane, protection, and cycle.Conclusion: Interest in necroptosis-related research continues to increase steadily, and there is close cooperation between countries and institutions in the field of necroptosis. The study of necroptosis-related molecules and mechanisms, and the relationship between necroptosis and cancer, may be hotspots and directions in future research.</p

Hot-air full drying driven metabolome changes in white tea (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> L.)

White tea (Camillia sinensis L.) is the least processed tea, and due to simpler processing steps involved, its flavor and nutritive compound composition is least disturbed. However, only a limited number of research has explored the key metabolomic changes during white tea processing (especially drying). The freshly harvested leaves of C. sinensis var. Tieguanyin were initially withered at room temperature for 72 h, and first-dried on fire at 70°C for 3 h. Then, they were spread at room temperature for 7 days and fully dried at 80°C for 4 h, followed by cooled at room temperature. The metabolome of the tea leaves before (CK) and after full drying (RO) were compared using UPLC-MS/MS. The LC-MS/MS analysis identified 1,253 compounds belonging to 11 classes. The highest number of accumulated compounds belonged to flavonoids, phenolic acids, and lipids. Of the 57 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), 49 were up-accumulated in RO. These were classified as amino acids derivatives, lipids, organic acids, vitamins, alkaloids, nucleotides and derivatives, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, lignans and coumarins. We found that several health beneficial compounds showed up-accumulation in RO compared to CK. We concluded that Hot-air full drying alters white team metabolome composition.</p

Discovery of a New Fungicide Candidate through Lead Optimization of Pyrimidinamine Derivatives and Its Activity against Cucumber Downy Mildew

Downy mildew is one of the most highly destructive of the diseases that cause damage to fruits and vegetables. Because of the continual development of resistance, it is important to discover new fungicides with different modes of action from existing fungicides for the control of downy mildew. This study is a continuation of our previous work on the novel pyrimidinamine lead compound, <b>9</b>, and includes field trials for the identification of the optimal candidate. A new compound, <b>1c</b>, was obtained, which gave a lower EC₅₀ value (0.10 mg/L) against downy mildew than lead compound <b>9</b> (0.19 mg/L) and the commercial fungicides diflumetorim, dimethomorph, and cyazofamid (1.01–23.06 mg/L). Compound <b>1c</b> displayed similar broad-spectrum fungicidal activity to compound <b>9</b> but better field efficacy than compound <b>9</b>, cyazofamid, and flumorph. The present work indicates that pyrimidinamine compound <b>1c</b> is a candidate for further development as a commercial fungicide for the control of downy mildew

Association of TLR4 and Treg in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Colonization and Inflammation in Mice

<div><p>The host immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection. The aim of this study was to clarify the immune pathogenic mechanism of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection via TLR signaling and gastric mucosal Treg cells in mice. To discover the underlying mechanism, we selectively blocked the TLR signaling pathway and subpopulations of regulatory T cells in the gastric mucosa of mice, and examined the consequences on <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection and inflammatory response as measured by MyD88, NF-κB p65, and Foxp3 protein expression levels and the levels of Th1, Th17 and Th2 cytokines in the gastric mucosa. We determined that blocking TLR4 signaling in <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infected mice decreased the numbers of Th1 and Th17 Treg cells compared to controls (P < 0.001–0.05), depressed the immune response as measured by inflammatory grade (P < 0.05), and enhanced <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> colonization (P < 0.05). In contrast, blocking CD25 had the opposite effects, wherein the Th1 and Th17 cell numbers were increased (P < 0.001–0.05), immune response was enhanced (P < 0.05), and <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> colonization was inhibited (P < 0.05) compared to the non-blocked group. In both blocked groups, the Th2 cytokine IL-4 remained unchanged, although IL-10 in the CD25 blocked group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MyD88, NF-κB p65, and Foxp3 in the non-blocked group were significantly lower than those in the TLR4 blocked group (P < 0.05), but significantly higher than those of the CD25 blocked group (P < 0.05). Together, these results suggest that there might be an interaction between TLR signaling and Treg cells that is important for limiting <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> colonization and suppressing the inflammatory response of infected mice.</p></div

Additional file 1 of Extracellular vesicles from UTX-knockout endothelial cells boost neural stem cell differentiation in spinal cord injury

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Morphological changes of NSC in the central canal before and after SCI, spatial relationship between NSC and SCMECs, and differentiation of early stages of injury. Figure S2. Identification of SCMECs, the differentiation function of NSCs and the expression of L1CAM in normal spinal cord tissue. Figure S3. Hematoxylin & Eosin (HE) staining of various organs in mice and the uptake of EVs by NSCs in vitro

Grade of gastritis after <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection.

<p>(A) The grade of gastritis with TLR4 blocked; (B) The grade of gastritis with CD25 blocked; (C) HE staining of the gastric mucosa of the control group; (D) HE staining of the gastric mucosa of the <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection group; (E) HE staining of the gastric mucosa of the TLR4 blocked control group; (F) HE staining of the gastric mucosa of the TLR4 blocked <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection group; (G) HE staining of the gastric mucosa of the CD25 blocked control group; (H) HE staining of the gastric mucosa of the CD25 blocked <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection group. ^a<i>P</i> < 0.001 between <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> and control or TLR4 blocked control groups; ^b<i>P</i> < 0.01 between TLR4 blocked <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> and control or TLR4 blocked control groups; ^c<i>P</i> < 0.05 between <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> and TLR4 blocked <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> groups (Fig 2A). ^a<i>P</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i>. control and CD25 blocked control groups; ^b<i>P</i> < 0.05 between <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> and CD25 blocked <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> groups (Fig 2B).</p

Western blot detection conditions for MyD88 and Foxp3.

<p>Western blot detection conditions for MyD88 and Foxp3.</p