Development of Practical Seminar for the Teaching Profession for Quality Assurance of Teacher Education (I) : Based on the Results of a Questionnaire Survey to Faculty and Staff

The purpose of this study is to develop a practical seminar for the teaching profession for assuring quality in teacher education. This paper reports on the status quo of professional portfolios, teacher education standards, and practical seminars for the teaching profession. Data from 83 faculty members and 57 staff members of colleges & departments for training elementary teachers who answered questionnaires were analyzed. As a result of our examination, we reached the following three conclusions: 1) Many colleges & departments developed custom teacher education standards based on the 4 matters indicated by the MEXT Central Education Council report (2006). 2) Regarding professional portfolios, using paper media is more popular than using digital media. The data accumulated in the professional portfolio included records of self-evaluation by students, their academic performance, records of volunteering, and the like. 3) Faculty and staff recognized the practical seminar for the teaching profession as a compilation of the undergraduate’s learning in teacher training programs.本研究は，JSPS科学研究費補助金基盤研究C（一般）「教員養成の質保証に向けた教職実践演習のモデル開発に関する研究」（課題番号：26381032，研究代表者：米沢崇）の助成を受けたものである。なお本稿は，日本教師教育学会第25回大会において発表した内容を加筆・修正して執筆している

Outer Membrane Vesicles of Helicobacter pylori TK1402 are Involved in Biofilm Formation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Helicobacter pylori </it>forms biofilms on glass surfaces at the air-liquid interface in <it>in vitro </it>batch cultures; however, biofilms of <it>H. pylori </it>have not been well characterized. In the present study, we analyzed the ability of <it>H. pylori </it>strains to form biofilms and characterized the underlying mechanisms of <it>H. pylori </it>biofilm formation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Strain TK1402 showed strong biofilm forming ability relative to the other strains in Brucella broth supplemented with 7% FCS. The strong biofilm forming ability of TK1402 is reflected the relative thickness of the biofilms. In addition, outer membrane vesicles (OMV) were detected within the matrix of only the TK1402 biofilms. Biofilm formation was strongly correlated with the production of OMV in this strain. We further observed that strain TK1402 did not form thick biofilms in Brucella broth supplemented with 0.2% β-cyclodextrin. However, the addition of the OMV-fraction collected from TK1402 could enhance biofilm formation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results suggested that OMV produced from TK1402 play an important role in biofilm formation in strain TK1402.</p

Development of the Novice Teachers Training Program in Collaboration between University and Education Board

In this study, we reported about the novice teachers training program in collaboration between Hiroshima University and Hiroshima prefectural education board. In the grouped education practical research of this program, the teachers from university and consultants from education board gave theoretical & practical lectures for the novice teachers. The research is one of the novice teachers training in place by Hiroshima prefectural education center, where the novice teachers are grouped, create lesson from study on teaching materials to trial lessons and discuss about them. We had a questionnaire in free description style to the participants for feedback as to this program in order to make sure its outcomes. The results showed that this program could fulfill some roles in encouraging the novices to deepen their thought and understanding of various issues and findings regarding teaching method, to reflect their own lessons, which improves their own practical teaching competencies, especially their teaching method.本研究は，平成25-26年度独立行政法人教員研修センター委嘱事業「教員研修モデルカリキュラム開発プログラム」の成果の一部である。なお，本稿は広島大学(2015a) および広島大学(2015b)の一部を修正するとともに平成27年度の取り組み内容を加筆したものである

A Study on Novice Teachers’ Development of Practical Qualities and Competencies : Through comparison between novices, 2nd years, 6th years, and mentors

This study compares and examines between consciousness of teachers with different length of teaching about professional development of practical qualities and competencies: 61 novices; 63 teachers with two years teaching experience; 67 teachers with six years teaching experience; 78 mentors. As a result of our examination, we reached following three conclusions: 1) The stably-required practical qualities and competencies have three factors structure and the temporarily-overrated ones have two factors structure. 2) Teachers consider increasingly that the basic competencies of learning instruction, designing children-centered lessons and general educational activities less need to be acquired by novices in a rushed way during their initial stages instead teachers need to acquire them gradually after those stages in association with the length of teaching experience. 3) Teachers tend to give a higher estimate how much novices acquire those competencies with increasing teaching experience and they might consider that they had already learned all basics during their initial stages; including the practical qualities and competencies they actually have acquired in their teaching years

Development and Operation of the Handbooks for Novice Teachers and Mentors (I) : Towards Constructing Foundation and Basis of Teachers as Continuous Learners

In this study, we developed Handbook for improving the practical teaching competencies for novice teachers and Handbook for supporting Novices for mentors and actually got them used by those teachers. We interviewed three pairs of novice and mentor, obtained feedbacks on their contents & usability and analyzed them. As a result of this research, we reached following three conclusions: 1) Handbook for novice teachers helped in organization and accumulation of the documents of novice teachers training; 2) Handbook for mentors are contributory for mentors to support and to advise novices by offering useful knowledge and so on; 3) Standard can be an index of lesson observation and analyzation for novices as well as a tool promoting their reflections. Furthermore, it also works as a medium connecting novices and mentors. We plan to keep on considering the valid ways to utilize these Handbooks.本研究は，平成25-26年度独立行政法人教員研修センター委嘱事業「教員研修モデルカリキュラム開発プログラム」の成果の一部である。なお，本稿は広島大学（2015）の一部を加筆・修正するとともに，平成27年度日本教育大学協会研究集会（10月10日開催）で発表した内容を加え執筆したものである

Pharmacist-physician collaborative care for outpatients with left ventricular assist devices using a cloud-based home medical management information-sharing system: a case report

[Background] The standard anticoagulation therapy for patients implanted with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) includes warfarin therapy. We developed a cloud-based home medical management information-sharing system named as LVAD@home. The LVAD@home system is an application designed to be used on iPad tablet computers. This system enables the sharing of daily information between a patient and care providers in real time. In this study, we reported cases of outpatients with LVADs using this system to manage anticoagulation therapy. [Case presentation] The patient, a man in his 40s with end-stage heart failure owing to non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, underwent LVAD implantation and warfarin was started on postoperative day 1. He started to use LVAD@home to manage warfarin therapy after discharge (postoperative day 47). He sent his data to care providers daily. By using this system, the pharmacist observed his signs of reduced dietary intake 179 days after discharge, and after consulting the physician, told the patient to change the timing of the next measurement earlier than usual. On the next day, the prothrombin time-international normalized ratio increased from 2.0 to 3.0, and thus the dose was decreased by 0.5 mg. Four patients used this system to monitor warfarin therapy from October 2015 to March 2018. In these patients, the time in therapeutic range was 90.1 ± 1.3, which was higher than that observed in previous studies. Additionally, there were no thromboembolic events or bleeding events. [Conclusions] The cloud-based home management system can be applied to share real-time patient information of factors, including dietary intake that interact with warfarin. It can help to improve long-term anticoagulation outcomes in patients implanted with LVAD

Genetic Analysis of a Unique Bacteriocin, Smb, Produced by Streptococcus mutans GS5

A dipeptide lantibiotic, named Smb, in Streptococcus mutans GS5 was characterized by molecular genetic approaches. The Smb biosynthesis gene locus is encoded by a 9.5-kb region of chromosomal DNA and consists of seven genes in the order smbM1, -T, -F, -M2, -G, -A, -B. This operon is not present in some other strains of S. mutans, including strain UA159. The genes encoding Smb were identified as smbA and smbB. Inactivation of smbM1, smbA, or smbB attenuated the inhibition of the growth of the indicator strain RP66, confirming an essential role for these genes in Smb expression. Mature Smb likely consists of the 30-amino-acid SmbA together with the 32-amino-acid SmbB. SmbA exhibited similarity with the mature lantibiotic lacticinA2 from Lactococcus lactis, while SmbB was similar to the mersacidin-like peptides from Bacillus halodurans and L. lactis. We also demonstrated that Smb expression is induced by the competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) and that a com box-like sequence is located in the smb promoter region. These results suggest that Smb belongs to the class I bacteriocin family, and its expression is dependent on CSP-induced quorum sensing