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    Consideraciones para el dise帽o e implementaci贸n de las intervenciones para la cesaci贸n de consumo de tabaco, alcohol y cannabis en el embarazo. Un estudio cualitativo

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    Resumen: Objetivo: Explorar la opini贸n de distintos actores clave, en relaci贸n con los requisitos que deber铆an cumplir las intervenciones de cesaci贸n de consumo de tabaco, alcohol y/o cannabis durante el embarazo para que puedan ser implementadas y resulten aceptables y 煤tiles. Dise帽o: Estudio cualitativo con aproximaci贸n fenomenol贸gica. Sitio: Se realiz贸 en Espa帽a en 2022. Participantes: Gestores, profesionales sanitarios, embarazadas consumidoras de tabaco, alcohol y/o cannabis y sus parejas tambi茅n consumidoras. M茅todos: Los datos se recogieron mediante grupos focales y entrevistas en profundidad, hasta alcanzar la saturaci贸n del discurso y se transcribieron de manera exacta. Se realiz贸 un an谩lisis exploratorio y codificaci贸n abierta inductiva, se fusionaron los c贸digos en categor铆as y se identificaron subcategor铆as. Resultados: Se identificaron cuatro categor铆as y 18 subcategor铆as. Los resultados apuntan a que las intervenciones deber铆an de ser multicomponente. Entre las intervenciones m谩s aceptadas por parte de las mujeres embarazadas y sus parejas, las consultas espec铆ficas de cesaci贸n, la informaci贸n, el apoyo de un igual (aunque no precisan de qu茅 manera) y los incentivos econ贸micos. Entre otras opciones a considerar, la cooximetr铆a, propuesta por gestores para obtener un registro objetivo. Conclusiones: Se extrae que esta intervenci贸n debe realizarse a nivel de la atenci贸n prenatal realizada en atenci贸n primaria. Existen dudas respecto de la frecuencia, fin y seguimiento de esta intervenci贸n multicomponente, as铆 como a la posibilidad de incorporar a las parejas. Abstract: Objective: To explore the opinion of different key stakeholders regarding the requirements that tobacco, alcohol and/or cannabis cessation interventions should meet to be implemented and to be acceptable and useful during pregnancy. Design: A qualitative study with phenomenological approach. Site: The study was conducted in Spain in 2022. Participants: Decision makers, health professionals, pregnant women using tobacco, alcohol and/or cannabis and their partners who are also users. Methods: Data were collected through focus groups and in-depth interviews, until discourse saturation was reached and accurately transcribed. Exploratory analysis and inductive open coding were conducted, codes were merged into categories and subcategories were identified. Results: Four categories and 18 subcategories were identified. The results suggest that interventions should be multicomponent. Among the interventions most accepted by pregnant women and their partners were specific cessation consultations, information, peer support (although they did not specify how) and financial incentives. Among other options to consider, co-oximetry, proposed by managers to obtain an objective register. Conclusions: The conclusion is that this intervention should be carried out at the level of prenatal care in primary care. There are doubts regarding the frequency, purpose, and follow-up of this multicomponent intervention, as well as the possibility of incorporating couples
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