ゲンパツセイ コウジョウセンガン ノ ネンレイ ニヨル リンショウ ビョウリガクテキ トクチョウ オヨビ ヨゴ ノ ヒカク ケントウ

Two-hundred thirty-six patients with primary thyroid cancer who received operation were divided into two groups by age, i.e.,５９patients of age ＜４５years（Early adulthood, EA）and１７７ patients of age≧４５years（advanced age, AA）. Clinicopathologic factors and disease-free survival （DFS）were compared between the two groups. There was no difference in clinicopathologic factors except for higher proportion of patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in the AA patients than in the EA patients（６．７％ vs. ０％, p＝０．０４１）. DFS was significantly longer in the AA patients than in the EA patients（disease-free rates at１０years after operation，９４．８％ vs. ７２．５％, p＝０．００３１）. Overall survival was not different between the two groups. The EA patients who showed shorten DFS were divided into two groups，１７ patients of age ＜３０ years （juvenile and young adult, JYA）and ４２ patients of age ≧３０ years, and DFS of each group was compared with that of the AA patients. Although disease-free survival rates at １０ years of the JYA patients were not different（９２．６％ vs.９４．８％, p＝０．１２５）, those of patients of age ≧３０years were significantly lower than those of the AA patients（７０．０％ vs. ９４．８％, p＝０．００２１）. These findings suggest that patients with primary thyroid cancer who are ≧３０ years old in the young adulthood should be observed carefully after operation for early detection of relapse

Fibrocyte-like cells mediate acquired resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy with bevacizumab

Bevacizumab exerts anti-angiogenic effects in cancer patients by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). However, its use is still limited due to the development of resistance to the treatment. Such resistance can be regulated by various factors, although the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we show that bone marrow-derived fibrocyte-like cells, defined as alpha-1 type I collagen-positive and CXCR4-positive cells, contribute to the acquired resistance to bevacizumab. In mouse models of malignant pleural mesothelioma and lung cancer, fibrocyte-like cells mediate the resistance to bevacizumab as the main producer of fibroblast growth factor 2. In clinical specimens of lung cancer, the number of fibrocyte-like cells is significantly increased in bevacizumab-treated tumours, and correlates with the number of treatment cycles, as well as CD31-positive vessels. Our results identify fibrocyte-like cells as a promising cell biomarker and a potential therapeutic target to overcome resistance to anti-VEGF therapy

Annual report by The Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery

All data regarding cardiovascular surgery and thoracic surgery were obtained from NCD, whereas data regarding esophageal surgery were collected from survey questionnaire by The Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery forms because NCD of esophageal surgery does not include non-surgical cases (i.e., patients with adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation alone). Based on the change in data aggregation, there are several differences between this 2015 annual report and previous annual reports: the number of institutions decreased in each category from 578 (2014) to 568 (2015) in cardiovascular, from 762 to 714 in general thoracic and from 626 to 571 in esophageal surgery. Because more than two departments in the same institute registered their data to NCD individually, we cannot calculate correct number of institutes in this survey. Then, the response rate is not indicated in the category of cardiovascular surgery (Table 1), and the number of institutions classified by the operation number is also not calculated in the category of cardiovascular surgery (Table 2)

Hospital volume and outcomes of cardiothoracic surgery in Japan: 2005-2009 national survey.

To elucidate the relationship between hospital volume and cardiothoracic surgical outcomes in Japan using the annual survey data, obtained between 2005 and 2009, collected by the Committee for Scientific Affairs of the Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery