Process of psychological adjustment to multiple sclerosis : comparing the roles of appraisals, acceptance, and cognitive fusion

Background: Research in psychological adjustment to multiple sclerosis (MS) suggests that the way individuals appraise their condition can have an impact upon their psychological well-being and adjustment to their condition. Such research has influenced the development of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) interventions in this population. In recent years, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has gathered increasing interest in relation to chronic health conditions. ACT does not target the content of thought, but rather focuses on the contexts in which thought occurs (i.e. how individuals relate to their experiences). Aim and Primary Hypothesis: A cross sectional design was used to compare the extent to which cognitive appraisals and ACT constructs (‘acceptance’ and ‘cognitive fusion’), mediate the relationship between physical symptoms of MS and psychological adjustment outcomes. It was hypothesised that in comparison to cognitive appraisals, ACT constructs would serve as stronger mediators of the relationship between physical symptoms of MS and outcome measures. This study also piloted a newly adapted measure of MS related acceptance, the Multiple Sclerosis Acceptance Questionnaire (MSAQ). Method and Results: Participants (N = 133) completed self-report measures of: MS symptom severity, various cognitive constructs (cognitive appraisals and ACT constructs), symptoms of psychological distress, and satisfaction with life. Multiple mediation analysis was then used to compare competing mediational hypotheses. In comparison to all measures of cognitive appraisals, the ACT constructs tended to be stronger mediators of the relationship between symptoms and outcome measures (both psychological distress, and satisfaction with life). There was also some evidence for appraisals of personal control mediating the relationship between symptoms of MS and psychological distress. Conclusions: This research suggests that ACT constructs may be relevant to the process of psychological adjustment to MS, and that ACT based interventions may be worthy of investigation in this population. The newly adapted MSAQ also shows preliminary promise as a measure of MS related acceptance.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Geochemistry of REY-rich mud in the Japanese Exclusive Economic Zone around Minamitorishima Island

金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系We report detailed lithological and chemical characteristics of deep-sea sediments, including rare-earth elements and yttrium-rich mud (REY-rich mud), in the Japanese Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) around Minamitorishima Island. Three research cruises obtained fourteen sediment cores collected by piston coring. Based on the visual descriptions and geochemical analysis of the sediment cores, we confirm the presence of REY-rich mud containing more than 400 ppm total REY (ΣREY) in the southern and northwestern areas of the Minamitorishima EEZ. The REY-rich mud layers are characterized by abundant grains of phillipsite, biogenic calcium phosphate, and manganese oxides, and are widely distributed in relatively shallow depths beneath the seafloor. In contrast, relatively thick, non-REY-rich mud lies near the seafloor in the northern areas of the EEZ. In the three cores from the southern part of the EEZ, we also confirm the presence of highly/extremely REY-rich mud layers. Further accumulation of geochemical data from the sediments will be required to constrain the extent of the highly/extremely REY-rich mud layers. © 2016 by The Geochemical Society of Japan

サブボトムプロファイラで見た南鳥島EEZにおけるレアアース泥の分布と特徴

http://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/darwin/cruise/kairei/kr13-02/ehttp://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/darwin/cruise/kairei/kr14-02/

南鳥島EEZ北部に分布するレアアース泥の地球化学的特徴

http://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/darwin/cruise/kairei/kr13-02/ehttp://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/darwin/cruise/kairei/kr14-02/