Conserved motifs of <i>BnaWRKY</i> members identified using the MEME search tool.

<p>a. Logos showing the conserved residues. b. Schematic representation of the related motif at its position in the amino acid sequence. Different motifs are indicated by different colors, and the names of all members and combined p values are shown on the left side of the figure.</p

Expression patterns of the 26 <i>BnaWRKYs</i> under various abiotic stresses.

<p>The Actin7 gene was used as an internal control for qRT-PCR. The y-axis represents relative expression, calculated using the 2^−ΔΔCt formula. Expression profiles of <i>BnaWRKYs</i> genes under cold (4°C), salinity (200mM NaCl) and drought (20% PEG6000) growth conditions, respectively. Samples were collected at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24h. <i>BnaWRKY15</i> and <i>BnaWRKY16</i>, <i>BnaWRKY31</i> and <i>BnaWRKY32</i>, <i>BnaWRKY34</i> and <i>BnaWRKY35</i>, <i>BnaWRKY53</i> and <i>BnaWRKY54</i>, <i>BnaWRKY63</i> and <i>BnaWRKY64</i>, <i>BnaWRKY126</i> and <i>BnaWRKY127</i>, and <i>BnaWRKY170</i> and <i>BnaWRKY171</i> are tandem duplicates, respectively.</p

Divergence of WRKY domains in <i>Brassica napus</i>.

<p>In total, 26 members showed divergence in the WRKY domain in addition to WRKYGQK. Most variations involved Q to K substitutions, 18 of the 26 members belong to WRKYGKK. And in the 26 members, 21 of them belonged to group I.</p

<i>WRKY</i> genes in stress related QTL regions.

<p><i>WRKY</i> genes in stress related QTL regions.</p

Distribution of <i>BnaWRKY</i> genes in <i>Brassica napus</i> genome.

<p>The chromosomal position of each <i>BnaWRKY</i> was mapped according to the <i>Brassica napus</i> genome. The chromosome number is indicated at the top of each chromosome. The scale is in mega bases (Mb). The colored bars with numbers on the chromosomes indicate the 12 predicted duplication regions.</p

Unevenly Chromosomal distribution of <i>WRKY</i> genes in <i>Brassica napus</i>.

<p>a. Number of <i>WRKY</i> genes in each chromosome. b. <i>WRKY</i> gene density per chromosome in <i>Brassica napus</i>.</p

Phylogenetic tree of <i>Brassica napus</i> and Arabidopsis <i>WRKY</i> genes.

<p>Phylogenetic tree of <i>Brassica napus</i> and Arabidopsis <i>WRKY</i> genes.</p

Azetidines kill multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis without detectable resistance by blocking mycolate assembly

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality resulting from infectious disease, with over 10.6 million new cases and 1.4 million deaths in 2021. This global emergency is exacerbated by the emergence of multidrug-resistant MDR-TB and extensively drug-resistant XDR-TB; therefore, new drugs and new drug targets are urgently required. From a whole cell phenotypic screen, a series of azetidines derivatives termed BGAz, which elicit potent bactericidal activity with MIC99 values </p

Table_1_Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Both Overlapping and Independent Genetic Loci to Control Seed Weight and Silique Length in Brassica napus.XLSX

<p>Seed weight (SW) is one of three determinants of seed yield, which positively correlates with silique length (SL) in Brassica napus (rapeseed). However, the genetic mechanism underlying the relationship between seed weight (SW) and silique length (SL) is largely unknown at present. A natural population comprising 157 inbred lines in rapeseed was genotyped by whole-genome re-sequencing and investigated for SW and SL over four years. The genome-wide association study identified 20 SNPs in significant association with SW on A01, A04, A09, C02, and C06 chromosomes and the phenotypic variation explained by a single locus ranged from 11.85% to 34.58% with an average of 25.43%. Meanwhile, 742 SNPs significantly associated with SL on A02, A03, A04, A07, A08, A09, C01, C03, C04, C06, C07, and C08 chromosomes were also detected and the phenotypic variation explained by a single locus ranged from 4.01 to 48.02% with an average of 33.33%, out of which, more than half of the loci had not been reported in the previous studies. There were 320 overlapping or linked SNPs for both SW and SL on A04, A09, and C06 chromosomes. It indicated that both overlapping and independent genetic loci controlled both SW and SL in B. napus. On the haplotype block on A09 chromosome, the allele variants of a known gene BnaA.ARF18.a controlling both SW and SL were identified in the natural population by developing derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) markers. These findings are valuable for understanding the genetic mechanism of SW and SL and also for rapeseed molecular breeding programs.</p

Azetidines Kill Multidrug-Resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> without Detectable Resistance by Blocking Mycolate Assembly

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality resulting from infectious disease, with over 10.6 million new cases and 1.4 million deaths in 2021. This global emergency is exacerbated by the emergence of multidrug-resistant MDR-TB and extensively drug-resistant XDR-TB; therefore, new drugs and new drug targets are urgently required. From a whole cell phenotypic screen, a series of azetidines derivatives termed BGAz, which elicit potent bactericidal activity with MIC99 values <10 μM against drug-sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis and MDR-TB, were identified. These compounds demonstrate no detectable drug resistance. The mode of action and target deconvolution studies suggest that these compounds inhibit mycobacterial growth by interfering with cell envelope biogenesis, specifically late-stage mycolic acid biosynthesis. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrates that the BGAz compounds tested display a mode of action distinct from the existing mycobacterial cell wall inhibitors. In addition, the compounds tested exhibit toxicological and PK/PD profiles that pave the way for their development as antitubercular chemotherapies