DataSheet1_Multi-timescale optimal control strategy for energy storage using LSTM prediction–correction in the active distribution network.docx

The daily output of wind power is inversely proportional to the load demand in most situations, which will lead to an increase in peak-to-valley difference and fluctuation. To solve this problem, this study proposes a long short-term memory prediction–correction-based multi-timescale optimal control strategy for energy storage. First, the proposed strategy performs a long short-term memory (LSTM) prediction on the power of wind power and load. Then, it establishes a predictive planning model to improve the effect of peak shaving and the operating income of energy storage. Finally, it uses the method of online correction of power lines for peak shaving to further optimize the energy storage power according to the error between the residual energy of energy storage and the planned residual energy in the actual peak shaving process. By comparing with traditional strategies, the proposed strategy is found to be significantly better than the constant power strategy and the power difference strategy in the peak shaving effect and operating income.</p

Visualization 2: Three-dimensional eye motion correction by Lissajous scan optical coherence tomography

Fly-through cross-section of macula. Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 March 2017 (boe-8-3-1783

Table_1_Case report: One pediatric liver-transplant recipient with SARS-CoV-2 infection suffering unexplained mixed acidosis.pdf

BackgroundThe management of LT patients during COVID-19 pandemic is important. Immunosuppressants (IS) are key therapy agents after liver transplant. Different ISs have different side effects. Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) may lead to metabolic acidosis while mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) showed rare nephrotoxicity. We report a post-liver transplant girl who was infected with SARS-CoV-2, developing a severe mixed acidosis 3 months after the transplantation. Her acidosis was improved after withdrawing of MMF, leading the suspicion that acidosis maybe a rare side effect of MMF.Case presentationA girl was admitted to our hospital due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, 3 months before admission the patient received LT due to Niemann-Pick disease (NPD). During hospitalization, blood gas analysis showed severe mixed acidosis. To relieve mixed acidosis, the patient was given oral rehydration salt and liquid replacement therapy. Considering that immunosuppressants may cause metabolic acidosis, dose of CsA was decreased and MMF was discontinued.ResultsHowever, liquid replacement therapy and decreased CsA dose cannot improve the condition. As an attempt, MMF was discontinued, and 3 days later, the girl’s acidosis was relieved, the latest blood gas analysis was normal with the original dose of CsA and no use of MMF or other IS. In addition, we used Naranjo Scale to see if adverse drug reactions (ADRs) existed. The final score was 6 which means MMF contributes to acidosis probably.ConclusionThe girl’s mixed acidosis cannot be explained by Niemann-Pick disease and SARS-CoV-2 infection. CNIs could cause metabolic acidosis but declining the dose of CsA didn’t improve her acidosis while withdrawing MMF showed a good effect. Together with the Naranjo Scale result, we suspect that acidosis maybe a rare side effect of MMF.</p

A Formalized Design Process for Bacterial Consortia That Perform Logic Computing

<div><p>The concept of microbial consortia is of great attractiveness in synthetic biology. Despite of all its benefits, however, there are still problems remaining for large-scaled multicellular gene circuits, for example, how to reliably design and distribute the circuits in microbial consortia with limited number of well-behaved genetic modules and wiring quorum-sensing molecules. To manage such problem, here we propose a formalized design process: (i) determine the basic logic units (AND, OR and NOT gates) based on mathematical and biological considerations; (ii) establish rules to search and distribute simplest logic design; (iii) assemble assigned basic logic units in each logic operating cell; and (iv) fine-tune the circuiting interface between logic operators. We <i>in silico</i> analyzed gene circuits with inputs ranging from two to four, comparing our method with the pre-existing ones. Results showed that this formalized design process is more feasible concerning numbers of cells required. Furthermore, as a proof of principle, an <i>Escherichia coli</i> consortium that performs XOR function, a typical complex computing operation, was designed. The construction and characterization of logic operators is independent of “wiring” and provides predictive information for fine-tuning. This formalized design process provides guidance for the design of microbial consortia that perform distributed biological computation.</p> </div

Glycyl Radical Enzymes Catalyzing the Dehydration of Two Isomers of <i>N</i>‑Methyl-4-hydroxyproline

The various isomers of hydroxyproline (HP) are widely distributed in nature, serving as key components of structural proteins, while their quaternized betaine derivatives function as osmoprotectants in many organisms. Aerobic bacteria degrade HPs through a variety of well-studied mechanisms. Recent studies show that certain anaerobic bacteria degrade HPs through distinct mechanisms, involving the O2-sensitive glycyl radical enzymes (GREs) t4L-HP dehydratase (HypD) and t4D-HP C–N lyase (HplG). Here, we report the discovery of two more GREs, N-methyl c4L-HP dehydratase (HpyG) and N-methyl c4D-HP dehydratase (HpzG), which catalyze radical-mediated dehydration of the two N-methyl-c4HP enantiomers, while also displaying significant activities toward their unmethylated substrates. Both GREs are associated with homologues of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, which catalyze reduction of their products N-methyl-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to form N-methyl-proline. Crystal structures of HpyG and HpzG in complex with their substrates revealed active site architectures distinct from that of HypD and provided insights into the mechanism of enantioselective radical-mediated dehydration. Our research further expands the repertoire of diverse chemical mechanisms involved in the bacterial metabolism of highly prevalent HP isomers and derivatives in the anaerobic biosphere

Glycyl Radical Enzymes Catalyzing the Dehydration of Two Isomers of <i>N</i>‑Methyl-4-hydroxyproline

The various isomers of hydroxyproline (HP) are widely distributed in nature, serving as key components of structural proteins, while their quaternized betaine derivatives function as osmoprotectants in many organisms. Aerobic bacteria degrade HPs through a variety of well-studied mechanisms. Recent studies show that certain anaerobic bacteria degrade HPs through distinct mechanisms, involving the O2-sensitive glycyl radical enzymes (GREs) t4L-HP dehydratase (HypD) and t4D-HP C–N lyase (HplG). Here, we report the discovery of two more GREs, N-methyl c4L-HP dehydratase (HpyG) and N-methyl c4D-HP dehydratase (HpzG), which catalyze radical-mediated dehydration of the two N-methyl-c4HP enantiomers, while also displaying significant activities toward their unmethylated substrates. Both GREs are associated with homologues of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, which catalyze reduction of their products N-methyl-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to form N-methyl-proline. Crystal structures of HpyG and HpzG in complex with their substrates revealed active site architectures distinct from that of HypD and provided insights into the mechanism of enantioselective radical-mediated dehydration. Our research further expands the repertoire of diverse chemical mechanisms involved in the bacterial metabolism of highly prevalent HP isomers and derivatives in the anaerobic biosphere

XOR computation operates robustly.

<p>(A). Growth curve of USC and DSC, showing OD600 as a function of time. Error bars are calculated as mean ± s. d. The lines are for guiding eyes. (B). Population proportions of USC and DSC under various conditions. Upper panel: initial population proportions at inoculation. Lower panel: corresponding population proportions after growth. Inducers were supplemented when inoculation. Cells were diluted and plated after growth, and colonies were counted to calculate population proportions. For all cases, <i>P</i><0.001 (n = 3) for the differences in variations of USC population proportion under different treatments (Blank, Ara, Sal or Ara+Sal), using <i>χ²</i> test. (C). Microbial consortia with diverse initial proportions (1∶10, 1∶5 and 1∶2, respectively) all exhibited properties of XOR function. The results were measured by flow cytometry. Error bars are calculated as mean ± s. d.</p

Glycyl Radical Enzymes Catalyzing the Dehydration of Two Isomers of <i>N</i>‑Methyl-4-hydroxyproline

The various isomers of hydroxyproline (HP) are widely distributed in nature, serving as key components of structural proteins, while their quaternized betaine derivatives function as osmoprotectants in many organisms. Aerobic bacteria degrade HPs through a variety of well-studied mechanisms. Recent studies show that certain anaerobic bacteria degrade HPs through distinct mechanisms, involving the O2-sensitive glycyl radical enzymes (GREs) t4L-HP dehydratase (HypD) and t4D-HP C–N lyase (HplG). Here, we report the discovery of two more GREs, N-methyl c4L-HP dehydratase (HpyG) and N-methyl c4D-HP dehydratase (HpzG), which catalyze radical-mediated dehydration of the two N-methyl-c4HP enantiomers, while also displaying significant activities toward their unmethylated substrates. Both GREs are associated with homologues of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, which catalyze reduction of their products N-methyl-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to form N-methyl-proline. Crystal structures of HpyG and HpzG in complex with their substrates revealed active site architectures distinct from that of HypD and provided insights into the mechanism of enantioselective radical-mediated dehydration. Our research further expands the repertoire of diverse chemical mechanisms involved in the bacterial metabolism of highly prevalent HP isomers and derivatives in the anaerobic biosphere

Work flow for the formalized design process and <i>in silico</i> analysis of different approaches in multicellular logic circuits.

<p>(A). Schematic view of the work flow for formalized design process. (B). Number of permissible 2-input 1-output Boolean functions versus the number of cells required for their implementation. Each bar represents number of functions that can be implemented within a certain number of cells. Different colors denote different approaches: orange for Standard NOR/NAND, blue for Modular Cells, and gray for our approach of combinational design. (C). Number of permissible 2-input 1-output Boolean functions versus the number of chemical wires required for their implementation. (D) and (E) show the results for 3-input 1-output Boolean functions.</p

Fine-tuning of circuiting interface between USC and DSC.

<p>(A). Schematics of XOR-function gene circuit encoded within the entire microbial consortium. LuxI, a synthase of AHL, works as output of USC. AHL transduces a repressive signal to DSC. (B). Upper panels: experimental results using diluted filtrate from induced USC. Four histograms represent results for 4 different RBS sequences: AAAGAGGAGAAA (BBa_B0034), ATTAAAGTTGAGAAA (Mutant 1), GCTCCATCCCCG (Mutant 2), and GCTCCTCCGATC (Mutant 3), with RBS strength 9-, 108- and 150-fold attenuated, respectively, predicted by RBS Calculator. In each histogram, corresponding inputs are: (left to right) no inducers (blank), arabinose only (Ara), salicylate only (Sal), and both inducers (Ara+Sal). Error bars are calculated as mean ± s. d. Lower panels: phase diagrams of the entire circuit predicted by model using characterization data for individual logic operating cells.</p