Mid-term outcomes of biventricular obstruction and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after surgery correction in child and adolescent patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - Fig 2

<p>Fig 2a. Preoperative two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (tte) parasternal long axis (PLAX) views in a 16-year-old hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patient with BVOTO. (A) PLAX view demonstrating the massive septal hypertrophy and the thickening of the ventricular septum bulging into the LVOT and RVOT resulting in biventricular obstructions (the colour flows). (B) Colour Doppler flow imaging of PLAX view during systole showing high velocity jet flow simultaneously in both LVOT and RVOT. Postoperative PLAX views showing a substantial decrease in the ventricular septum thickness and an increase in the RV and LV cavity sizes during diastole (C) and the LV and RV colour flows showing laminar without evidence of significant residual obstructions during systole (D).RV: right ventricle; RVOT: right ventricular outflow tract; IVS: interventricular septum; LV: left ventricle; LA: left atrium; LVOT: left ventricular outflow tract.AO: aorta. Fig 2b. Preoperational cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) image 3-chamber views during diastole (A) and systole (B) showing remarkable myocardial hypertrophy at the base ventricular level with LVOT and RVOT obstruction. The postoperative CMR images (C, D) showing thinner IVS, wider LVOT and RVOT diameter and larger LV and RV cavity without the projection of septum into RVOT or LVOT after biventricular resection. LA: left atrial; LV: left ventricular.</p

Baseline characteristics.

<p>Baseline characteristics.</p

Middle-Term results in the three groups.

<p>Middle-Term results in the three groups.</p