An optimum method for latticed shells based on concept of the compression line

To improve the load-carrying capacity latticed shells, an innovative optimum method based on the concept of compression line is proposed in this paper. The basic principle of this method is using the character without moment in compression line. The arc line which forms the contour line of sphere and latticed shell structures is substituted by compression line in this method. Then the latticed shell structures are in the state of compression, and the influence of bending stress reduces greatly. As a result, the load-carrying capacity of the latticed shell structure is increased. Through the geometrical nonlinear analysis of a sunflower-patterned single-layer latticed shell structure with a span of 48m, it is found that the load-carrying capacity of the single-layer latticed shell structure can be improved by 5.48%. Furthermore, the results of 84 structural analyses of single-layer or double-layer sphere and cylinder latticed shell structures show that the optimum method is right and effective. And especially, it is applicable to single-layer latticed shell structure with rise-span ratio 1/5 with the max improvement 6.4% of load-carrying capacity

An optimum method for latticed shells based on concept of the compression line

To improve the load-carrying capacity latticed shells, an innovative optimum method based on the concept of compression line is proposed in this paper. The basic principle of this method is using the character without moment in compression line. The arc line which forms the contour line of sphere and latticed shell structures is substituted by compression line in this method. Then the latticed shell structures are in the state of compression, and the influence of bending stress reduces greatly. As a result, the load-carrying capacity of the latticed shell structure is increased. Through the geometrical nonlinear analysis of a sunflower-patterned single-layer latticed shell structure with a span of 48m, it is found that the load-carrying capacity of the single-layer latticed shell structure can be improved by 5.48%. Furthermore, the results of 84 structural analyses of single-layer or double-layer sphere and cylinder latticed shell structures show that the optimum method is right and effective. And especially, it is applicable to single-layer latticed shell structure with rise-span ratio 1/5 with the max improvement 6.4% of load-carrying capacity

Global burden and risk factors of gastritis and duodenitis: an observational trend study from 1990 to 2019

Abstract In recent years, there has been a global trend of aging, which has resulted in significant changes to the burden of gastritis and duodenitis (GD). Using the global burden of disease (GBD) database spanning 1990 to 2019, we evaluated the temporal trends of age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), age-standardized death rates (ASDR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (AS-DALYs) for GD using estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC). Additionally, we examined the burden of GD across various strata, including social demographic index (SDI), age, and sex. Finally, the risk factors linked to the incidence and mortality of GD, utilizing Pearson correlation analysis. In 2019, there were 31 million GD patients globally, a notable increase of 12 million from 1990, while the ASIR, ASDR, and AS-DALYs for GD all showed a decrease. Correlation analysis showed a significant negative relationship between ASIR and SDI. Factors like hand hygiene and vitamin A deficiency had significant positive correlations with ASIR and ASDR in 2019. Over the past thirty years, the burden of GD has increased alongside global population aging. Future efforts should focus on exploring prevention for GD, with special attention to the elderly population in low SDI regions

Relationship between Serum Indirect Bilirubin Level and Insulin Sensitivity: Results from Two Independent Cohorts of Obese Patients with Impaired Glucose Regulation and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China

Background. Serum bilirubin is an endogenous antioxidant that has protective effects against obesity-related metabolic diseases. Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) and their relationships with insulin sensitivity in obese patients with impaired glucose regulation and type 2 diabetes mellitus (IGR/T2DM) in China. Patients and Methods. Cohort 1 comprised obese patients (n = 71) was divided into the IGR/T2DM group (n = 38, obesity with IGR/T2DM) and control group (n = 33, obesity without IGR/T2DM). Insulin sensitivity was evaluated using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique (HEC) with glucose disposal rate (GDR, M value). Cohort 2 comprised obese patients with IGR/T2DM who underwent metabolic surgery (n = 109) as complementary to cohort 1. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated with the Matsuda Index and homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS). Results. In cohort 1, TBIL, DBIL, and IBIL were higher within the physiological range in the IGR/T2DM group compared with the control group; IBIL was positively correlated with M value (r = 0.342, p=0.044) in the IGR/T2DM group, and multivariate logistic regression showed that IBIL might be independent protective factors against insulin resistance (odds ratio (OR) = 0.602; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.413–0.878; p=0.008). In cohort 2, at 1 month after metabolic surgery, serum bilirubin levels (TBIL, DBIL, and IBIL) increased, and the percentage change in IBIL was positively correlated with the change of the Matsuda Index (r = 0.195, p=0.045). Conclusions. The relationships between different types of bilirubin and insulin sensitivity varied. Serum indirect bilirubin might be a protective factor that enhances insulin sensitivity

A literature review and case report of severe and refractory post-colectomy enteritis

Abstract Background Ulcerative colitis (UC)-related post-colectomy enteritis is a very rare condition that is characterized by diffuse small-bowel mucosal inflammation following colectomy and could be very dangerous. In previously reported cases, corticosteroid therapy seemed to be the optimal choice for inducing remission; however, the patient studied herein presented with severe diarrhoea and hypovolemic shock and failed to achieve full remission with corticosteroid therapy. Case presentation We describe the case of a patient with severe pan-enteritis presenting with life-threatening diarrhoea complicated with hypovolemic shock and acute kidney injury after colectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) for UC; this patient was successfully treated by ileostomy closure after failing to achieve full remission with corticosteroid therapy. Next, we review other cases of post-colectomy enteritis reported in the literature and propose a flow-chart for its diagnosis and initial treatment. Conclusion Post-colectomy enteritis can be dangerous, and the early awareness of this condition plays a vital role. Additionally, in patients who do not respond well to corticosteroid or immunosuppressant therapy, early closure of the ileostomy and re-establishment of the natural faecal stream could be important considerations

Serum betatrophin, TG and ALT in subjects according to LFC.

<p>(A) TG, triglyceride; (B) Betatrophin; (C) ALT, alanine transaminase. (A) TG and (C) ALT were significantly higher in patients with LLFC and HLFC than in controls. (B) Betatrophin was significantly higher in patients with HLFC than in patients with LLFC and in controls. An increasing trend in betatrophin was observed in patients with LLFC. Boxes represent the interquartile range between first and third quartiles, and the line (square) inside represents the median (mean).</p

Correlations of circulating betatrophin with clinical parameters.

<p>Correlations of circulating betatrophin with clinical parameters.</p

Characteristics of subjects in this study.

<p>Characteristics of subjects in this study.</p

Correlation of NAFLD with betatrophin.

<p>Correlation of NAFLD with betatrophin.</p