Single-cell mapping of N6-methyladenosine in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and exploration of the risk model for immune infiltration

BackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common RNA modification, but its potential role in the development of esophageal cancer and its specific mechanisms still need to be further investigated.MethodsBulk RNA-seq of 174 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from the TCGA-ESCC cohort, GSE53625, and single-cell sequencing data from patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from GSE188900 were included in this study. Single-cell analysis of scRNA-seq data from GSE188900 of 4 esophageal squamous carcinoma samples and calculation of PROGENy scores. Demonstrate the scoring of tumor-associated pathways for different cell populations. Cell Chat was calculated for cell populations. thereafter, m6A-related differential genes were sought and risk models were constructed to analyze the relevant biological functions and impact pathways of potential m6A genes and their impact on immune infiltration and tumor treatment sensitivity in ESCC was investigated.ResultsBy umap downscaling analysis, ESCC single-cell data were labelled into clusters of seven immune cell classes. Cellchat analysis showed that the network interactions of four signaling pathways, MIF, AFF, FN1 and CD99, all showed different cell type interactions. The prognostic risk model constructed by screening for m6A-related differential genes was of significant value in the prognostic stratification of ESCC patients and had a significant impact on immune infiltration and chemotherapy sensitivity in ESCC patients.ConclusionIn our study, we explored a blueprint for the distribution of single cells in ESCC based on m6A methylation and constructed a risk model for immune infiltration analysis and tumor efficacy stratification in ESCC on this basis. This may provide important potential guidance for revealing the role of m6A in immune escape and treatment resistance in esophageal cancer

Precision excimer laser annealed Ga-doped ZnO electron transport layers for perovskite solar cells

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) continue to attract considerable attention due to their excellent photovoltaic performance and low cost. In order to realize the fabrication of PSCs on temperature-sensitive substrates, low-temperature processing of all the components in the device is required, however, the majority of the high-performance PSCs rely on the electron transport layers (ETLs) processed at high temperatures. Herein, we apply excimer laser annealing (ELA) to treat ETLs (Ga-doped ZnO, GZO) at room temperature. A synergetic improvement in optical transparency and electrical conductivity is achieved after ELA treatment, which in turn improves light absorption, enhances electron injection, and depresses charge recombination. Devices fabricated with ELA treated GZO ETL acheived a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.68%, higher than that of the PSCs utilizing GZO with conventional high-temperature annealing (12.96%). Thus, ELA is a promising technique for annealing ETLs at room temperature to produce efficient PSCs on both rigid and flexible substrates

A Novel Semi-Soft Decision Scheme for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks

Spectrum sensing (SS) is an essential part of cognitive radio (CR) technology, and cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) could efficiently improve the detection performance in environments with fading and shadowing effects, solving hidden terminal problems. Hard and Soft decision detection are usually employed at the fusion center (FC) to detect the presence or absence of the primary user (PU). However, soft decision detection achieves better sensing performance than hard decision detection at the expense of the local transmission band. In this paper, we propose a tradeoff scheme between the sensing performance and band cost. The sensing strategy is designed based on three modules. Firstly, a local detection module is used to detect the PU signal by energy detection (ED) and send decision results in terms of 1-bit or 2-bit information. Secondly, and most importantly, the FC estimates the received decision data through a data reconstruction module based on the statistical distribution such that the extra thresholds are not needed. Finally, a global decision module is in charge of fusing the estimated data and making a final decision. The results from a simulation show that the detection performance of the proposed scheme outperforms that of other algorithms. Moreover, savings on the transmission band cost can be made compared with soft decision detection

Table_1_Single-cell mapping of N6-methyladenosine in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and exploration of the risk model for immune infiltration.xlsx

BackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common RNA modification, but its potential role in the development of esophageal cancer and its specific mechanisms still need to be further investigated.MethodsBulk RNA-seq of 174 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from the TCGA-ESCC cohort, GSE53625, and single-cell sequencing data from patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from GSE188900 were included in this study. Single-cell analysis of scRNA-seq data from GSE188900 of 4 esophageal squamous carcinoma samples and calculation of PROGENy scores. Demonstrate the scoring of tumor-associated pathways for different cell populations. Cell Chat was calculated for cell populations. thereafter, m6A-related differential genes were sought and risk models were constructed to analyze the relevant biological functions and impact pathways of potential m6A genes and their impact on immune infiltration and tumor treatment sensitivity in ESCC was investigated.ResultsBy umap downscaling analysis, ESCC single-cell data were labelled into clusters of seven immune cell classes. Cellchat analysis showed that the network interactions of four signaling pathways, MIF, AFF, FN1 and CD99, all showed different cell type interactions. The prognostic risk model constructed by screening for m6A-related differential genes was of significant value in the prognostic stratification of ESCC patients and had a significant impact on immune infiltration and chemotherapy sensitivity in ESCC patients.ConclusionIn our study, we explored a blueprint for the distribution of single cells in ESCC based on m6A methylation and constructed a risk model for immune infiltration analysis and tumor efficacy stratification in ESCC on this basis. This may provide important potential guidance for revealing the role of m6A in immune escape and treatment resistance in esophageal cancer. </p

DataSheet_1_Single-cell mapping of N6-methyladenosine in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and exploration of the risk model for immune infiltration.zip

BackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common RNA modification, but its potential role in the development of esophageal cancer and its specific mechanisms still need to be further investigated.MethodsBulk RNA-seq of 174 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from the TCGA-ESCC cohort, GSE53625, and single-cell sequencing data from patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from GSE188900 were included in this study. Single-cell analysis of scRNA-seq data from GSE188900 of 4 esophageal squamous carcinoma samples and calculation of PROGENy scores. Demonstrate the scoring of tumor-associated pathways for different cell populations. Cell Chat was calculated for cell populations. thereafter, m6A-related differential genes were sought and risk models were constructed to analyze the relevant biological functions and impact pathways of potential m6A genes and their impact on immune infiltration and tumor treatment sensitivity in ESCC was investigated.ResultsBy umap downscaling analysis, ESCC single-cell data were labelled into clusters of seven immune cell classes. Cellchat analysis showed that the network interactions of four signaling pathways, MIF, AFF, FN1 and CD99, all showed different cell type interactions. The prognostic risk model constructed by screening for m6A-related differential genes was of significant value in the prognostic stratification of ESCC patients and had a significant impact on immune infiltration and chemotherapy sensitivity in ESCC patients.ConclusionIn our study, we explored a blueprint for the distribution of single cells in ESCC based on m6A methylation and constructed a risk model for immune infiltration analysis and tumor efficacy stratification in ESCC on this basis. This may provide important potential guidance for revealing the role of m6A in immune escape and treatment resistance in esophageal cancer. </p

DataSheet_2_Single-cell mapping of N6-methyladenosine in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and exploration of the risk model for immune infiltration.docx

BackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common RNA modification, but its potential role in the development of esophageal cancer and its specific mechanisms still need to be further investigated.MethodsBulk RNA-seq of 174 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from the TCGA-ESCC cohort, GSE53625, and single-cell sequencing data from patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from GSE188900 were included in this study. Single-cell analysis of scRNA-seq data from GSE188900 of 4 esophageal squamous carcinoma samples and calculation of PROGENy scores. Demonstrate the scoring of tumor-associated pathways for different cell populations. Cell Chat was calculated for cell populations. thereafter, m6A-related differential genes were sought and risk models were constructed to analyze the relevant biological functions and impact pathways of potential m6A genes and their impact on immune infiltration and tumor treatment sensitivity in ESCC was investigated.ResultsBy umap downscaling analysis, ESCC single-cell data were labelled into clusters of seven immune cell classes. Cellchat analysis showed that the network interactions of four signaling pathways, MIF, AFF, FN1 and CD99, all showed different cell type interactions. The prognostic risk model constructed by screening for m6A-related differential genes was of significant value in the prognostic stratification of ESCC patients and had a significant impact on immune infiltration and chemotherapy sensitivity in ESCC patients.ConclusionIn our study, we explored a blueprint for the distribution of single cells in ESCC based on m6A methylation and constructed a risk model for immune infiltration analysis and tumor efficacy stratification in ESCC on this basis. This may provide important potential guidance for revealing the role of m6A in immune escape and treatment resistance in esophageal cancer. </p

Correction: Genetic variability of human adenovirus type 7 circulating in mainland China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232092.]

Genetic variability of human adenovirus type 7 circulating in mainland China.

Human adenovirus (HAdV-7) is a highly contagious pathogen that causes severe respiratory illnesses. However, the epidemic patterns and genetic variability of HAdV-7 circulating in mainland China have not been well elucidated. In this study, we used Chinese HAdV sentinel surveillance data obtained from 2012-2015 to investigate the clinical features of 122 HAdV-7-positive cases and performed amplification and sequence determination of three capsid genes (penton base, hexon, and fiber) from 69 isolated viruses covering from seven provinces of China. Additionally, we compared with data from representative sequences of 21 strains covering seven more provinces in China and 32 international HAdV-7 strains obtained from GenBank database to determine the phylogenetic, sequence variations, and molecular evolution of HAdV-7. The results indicated that HAdV-7 infection occurred throughout the year, and a high proportion of severe cases (27 cases, 22.1%) exhibited infantile pneumonia. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis showed that all HAdV-7 strains could be divided into two major evolutionary branches, including subtype 1 and subtype 2, and subtype 3 was also formed according to analysis of the penton base gene. Subtypes 1 and 2 co-circulated in China before 2008, and HAdV-7 strains currently circulating in China belonged to subtype 2, which was also the predominant strain circulating worldwide in recent years. Further sequence variation analysis indicated that three genes of HAdV-7 were relatively stable across time and geographic space, particularly for viruses within subtypes, which shared almost the same variation sites. Owing to continuous outbreaks caused by HAdV-7, resulting in increased illness severity and fatality rates in China, the establishment of a national HAdV surveillance system is urgently needed for the development of effective preventive and infection-control interventions for adenovirus respiratory infections in China