Disruption of type 3 adenylyl cyclase expression in the hypothalamus leads to obesity

Evidence from human studies and transgenic mice lacking the type 3 adenylyl cyclase (AC3) indicates that AC3 plays a role in the regulation of body weight. It is unknown in which brain region AC3 exerts such an effect. We examined the role of AC3 in the hypothalamus for body weight control using a floxed AC3 mouse strain. Here, we report that AC3 flox/flox mice became obese after the administration of AAV-CRE-GFP into the hypothalamus. Both male and female AC3 floxed mice showed heavier body weight than AAV-GFP injected control mice. Furthermore, mice with selective ablation of AC3 expression in the ventromedial hypothalamus also showed increased body weight and food consumption. Our results indicated that AC3 in the hypothalamus regulates energy balance

Accessibility Analysis of A-level Lin Pan Scenic Spot in Dayi County Based on Road Network

Chengdu vigorously promotes the construction and development of Lin Pan. Aiming at the distribution of A-level Lin Pan in Dayi County, this study analyzed the accessibility of A-level Lin Pan by using ArcGIS software, OD cost matrix analysis method and two-step mobile search method, and found that: (1) Accessibility of different A-class Lin Pan varies greatly, and the longest arrival time is almost twice that of the shortest. (2) The A-level Lin Pan scenic spot has A general economic driving effect on the local economy, and it is suggested to increase the construction of Lin Pan scenic spot according to the distribution of Lin Pan

Study on the Protection and Development Path of Linpan in Western Sichuan under the Background of Rural Revitalization

Based on the background of rural revitalisation, this paper conducts an in-depth study on the protection and development path of Linpan in western Sichuan. The article firstly explains the cultural value, ecological value and economic value of Linpan in western Sichuan, and points out the current protection and development of the forest plate facing the reality of the dilemma, and then puts forward the protection and development of the planning and innovative exploration analysis, aims to optimize the spatial structure, to create a multi-industry clusters, improve the landscape and basic supporting measures, to promote the sustainable development of Linpan in western Sichuan, and to achieve the goal of building and sharing a beautiful countryside. The aim is to promote the sustainable development of Linpan in western Sichuan and achieve the goal of building and sharing a beautiful countryside

Style Matching or Content Matching? Moderating Role of Discrete Negative Emotions in the Effects of Managerial Responses Tailoring

Many firms are struggling with how to tailor their responses to online reviews expressing negative emotions. While most studies on the managerial response (MR) tailoring point to the importance of MR content, how the content is conveyed, often referred to as language style, has been underexplored. Drawing on the verbal mimicry and communication tailoring literature, we propose that style matching may be at least as important as content matching and play a different role when responding to reviews embedded with negative emotions. Further, we consider the differences among the various negative emotions expressed in reviews and explore how to tailor MR for reviews embedded with discrete negative emotions (anger, sadness, anxiety, and disgust) expressed in reviews. The results show that style matching is more effective for anger-embedded reviews and sadness-embedded reviews while content matching performs better for disgust-embedded reviews. However, these two tailoring strategies are not effective for anxiety-embedded reviews

Short-term cross-border capital flows and corporate leverage ratio: China's empirical evidence and enlightenment

In consideration of increasing global economic uncertainties and the leverage ratio of non-financial corporate sector in China reaching a historical peak, this paper uses the parallel multiple mediation model to analyze the mechanism and impact of cross-border short-term capital flows on non-financial corporate leverage in China, in which corporate borrowing and asset price are taken as mediators in parallel multiple mediation model. The research findings indicate that the influence of short-term cross-border capital flows on corporate leverage ratio in China is mainly through the direct path. The influence of the two indirect channels is relatively weak, in which the size of corporate borrowing is more influential than corporate asset price. The indirect impact of short-term cross-border capital flows on corporate leverage ratio is more significant for state-owned enterprises compared to non-state-owned enterprises

Immune cells and their related genes provide a new perspective on the common pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel diseases

BackgroundThe close relationship between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) has been supported by many aspects, including but not limited to clinical manifestations, epidemiology and pathogenesis. Some evidence suggests that immune cells actively participated in the pathogenesis of both diseases. However, information on which cells are primarily involved in this process and how these cells mobilize, migrate and interact is still limited.MethodsDatasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Common differentially expressed genes (coDEGs) were identified by package “limma”. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) were used to analyze the interactions between coDEGs. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and inverse cumulative distribution function were applied to identify common differential pathways, while Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to confirm the significance. Correlation analysis between coDEGs and immune cells led to the identification of critical immune-cell-related coDEGs. The diagnostic models were established based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to identify the ability of the model. Validation datasets were imported to demonstrate the significant association of coDEGs with specific immune cells and the capabilities of the diagnostic model.ResultsIn total, 67 genes were up-regulated and 185 genes were down-regulated in both diseases. Four down-regulated pathways and four up-regulated pathways were considered important. Up-regulated coDEGs were firmly associated with neutrophils, while down-regulated genes were significantly associated with CD8+ T−cells and CD4+ T−cells in both AS and IBD datasets. Five up-regulated and six down-regulated key immue-cell-related coDEGs were identified. Diagnostic models based on key immue-cell-related coDEGs were established and tested. Validation datasets confirmed the significance of the correlation between coDEGs and specific immune cells.ConclusionThis study provides fresh insights into the co-pathogenesis of AS and IBD. It is proposed that neutrophils and T cells may be actively involved in this process, however, in opposite ways. The immue-cell-related coDEGs, revealed in this study, may be relevant to their regulation, although relevant research is still lacking