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Evolution of the Cannabinoid and Terpene Content during the Growth of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Plants from Different Chemotypes
The evolution of major cannabinoids
and terpenes during the growth of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> plants was studied. In this work, seven different plants were selected:
three each from chemotypes I and III and one from chemotype II. Fifty
clones of each mother plant were grown indoors under controlled conditions.
Every week, three plants from each variety were cut and dried, and
the leaves and flowers were analyzed separately. Eight major cannabinoids
were analyzed via HPLC-DAD, and 28 terpenes were quantified using
GC-FID and verified via GC-MS. The chemotypes of the plants, as defined
by the tetrahydrocannabinolic acid/cannabidiolic acid (THCA/CBDA)
ratio, were clear from the beginning and stable during growth. The
concentrations of the major cannabinoids and terpenes were determined,
and different patterns were found among the chemotypes. In particular,
the plants from chemotypes II and III needed more time to reach peak
production of THCA, CBDA, and monoterpenes. Differences in the cannabigerolic
acid development among the different chemotypes and between monoterpene
and sesquiterpene evolution patterns were also observed. Plants of
different chemotypes were clearly differentiated by their terpene
content, and characteristic terpenes of each chemotype were identified