Determination of Non-Darcy Porous Flow Boundary Value in Formation Type III

With the oil industrialization area increasing and the fine Petrophysics block decreasing, the oil field is faced with the situation that isn’t enough potential, thus it’s necessary to begin effective developing in formation type III, which has high potential, strong heterogeneity and low permeability. It’s important for reservoir development to understand porous flow law in formation type III. There is a large reserve in formation type III of X block in Daqing Oil Field, whose main formation type is thin and poor formation with thin thickness and poor Petrophysics. To find the boundary value for Non-Darcy porous flow in formation type III, we study the pressure number to recognize Non-Darcy porous flow and Non-Darcy porous flow index in characteristic curve for porous flow. We also study the Non-Darcy porous flow boundary value with two methods, pressure number method whose result is 107 mD, Non-Darcy porous flow index method whose result is 120 mD. The two values are similar, thus the Non-Darcy porous flow degree increases sharply when permeability is less than 10 mD. The study provides theory guide for improving residual oil potential and enhancing development effect in formation type III.Key Words: Thin and poor formation; Non-Darcy porous flow boundary value; Pressure number; Non-Darcy porous flow index

Injuries, Sequelae, and Treatment of Lightning-Induced Injuries: 10 Years of Experience at a Swiss Trauma Center

Principals. Lightning is one of the most powerful and spectacular natural phenomena. Lightning strikes to humans are uncommon but can cause devastating injuries. We analyzed lightning-related admissions to our emergency department from January 2000 to December 2010 to review and highlight the main features of lightning-related injuries. Methods. All data were collected prospectively and entered in the emergency department' database (Qualicare Switzerland) and retrospectively analyzed. Results. Nine patients with lightning-related injuries presented to our emergency department. Four were female, and five were male. The most common site of injury was the nervous system (6 out of 9 patients) followed by the cardiovascular system (5 out of 9 patients). The third most common injuries occurred to the skin (3 out of 9 patients). Four of the patients had to be hospitalized for further observation. Conclusion. Reports of lightning strikes and related injuries are scarce. The establishment of an international register would therefore benefit the understanding of their injury patterns and facilitate specific treatment

Potential Application of Copper Aspirinate in Preventing and Treating Thromboembolic Diseases

The efficacy of copper aspirinate against thrombotic diseases has been tested in animal models. The results show that copper aspirinate, following ig pretreatment for 7 days at 0.012mmol/kg markedly prolonged the bleeding time and inhibited the mortality induced by arachidonic acid (AA) in mice. On cereral ischemia model pretreatment with 0.018mmol/kg copper aspirinate ig significantly increased survival of animals and the density of intact hippocampal CA1 cells and decreased brain calcium concentration. Its anticerebral ischemia activity was superior to or equal to nimodipine. It is, therefore, suggested that copper aspirinate is very promising in becoming an antithrombotic drug in preventing and treating thrombotic diseases

Prototype Design and Efficiency Analysis of a Novel Robot Drive Based on 3K-H-V Topology

Robot actuators directly affect the performance of robots, and robot drives directly affect the performance of robot actuators. With the development of robotics, robots have put higher requirements on robot drives, such as high stiffness, high accuracy, high loading, high efficiency, low backlash, compact size, and hollow structure. In order to meet the demand development of robot actuators, this research base proposes a new robot drive based on 3K-H-V topology using involute and cycloidal gear shapes, planetary cycloidal drive, from the perspective of drive topology and through the design idea of decoupling. In this study, the reduction ratio and the efficiency model of the 3K-H-V topology were analyzed, and a prototype planetary cycloidal actuator was designed. The feasibility of the drive is initially verified by experimentally concluding that the PCA has a hollow structure, compact size, and high torque density (69 kg/Nm)