Data_Sheet_1_Improve the diagnosis of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus by combining abnormal cortical thickness and ventricular morphometry.docx

BackgroundThe primary imaging markers for idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) emphasize morphological measurements within the ventricular system, with no attention given to alterations in brain parenchyma. This study aimed to investigate the potential effectiveness of combining ventricular morphometry and cortical structural measurements as diagnostic biomarkers for iNPH.MethodsA total of 57 iNPH patients and 55 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited in this study. Firstly, manual measurements of ventricular morphology, including Evans Index (EI), z-Evans Index (z-EI), Cella Media Width (CMW), Callosal Angle (CA), and Callosal Height (CH), were conducted based on MRI scans. Cortical thickness measurements were obtained, and statistical analyses were performed using surface-based morphometric analysis. Secondly, three distinct models were developed using machine learning algorithms, each based on a different input feature: a ventricular morphology model (LVM), a cortical thickness model (CT), and a fusion model (All) incorporating both features. Model performances were assessed using 10-fold cross validation and tested on an independent dataset. Model interpretation utilized Shapley Additive Interpretation (SHAP), providing a visualization of the contribution of each variable in the predictive model. Finally, Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate the relationship between imaging biomarkers and clinical symptoms.ResultsiNPH patients exhibited notable differences in cortical thickness compared to HC. This included reduced thickness in the frontal, temporal, and cingulate cortices, along with increased thickness in the supracentral gyrus. The diagnostic performance of the fusion model (All) for iNPH surpassed that of the single-feature models, achieving an average accuracy of 90.43%, sensitivity of 90.00%, specificity of 90.91%, and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 81.03%. This improvement in accuracy (6.09%), sensitivity (11.67%), and MCC (11.25%) compared to the LVM strategy was significant. Shap analysis revealed the crucial role of cortical thickness in the right isthmus cingulate cortex, emerging as the most influential factor in distinguishing iNPH from HC. Additionally, significant correlations were observed between the typical triad symptoms of iNPH patients and cortical structural alterations.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the significant role of cortical structure changes in the diagnosis of iNPH, providing a novel insights for assisting clinicians in improving the identification and detection of iNPH.</p

Additional file 3: of Identification of ANKDD1B variants in an ankylosing spondylitis pedigree and a sporadic patient

Table S3. NGS summary. (PPTX 54 kb

Additional file 7: of Identification of ANKDD1B variants in an ankylosing spondylitis pedigree and a sporadic patient

Figure S1. ANKDD1B protein domains and sequence alignment. Upper panel: human ANKDD1B domain structure. AR: ankyrin repeat. Lower panel: ANKDD1B protein sequence alignment from zebrafish to human. The two variants identified in the AS9 pedigree and the sAS_P1 patient are indicated. (TIFF 6077 kb

Additional file 5: of Identification of ANKDD1B variants in an ankylosing spondylitis pedigree and a sporadic patient

Table S5. ANKDD1B PCR and sequencing primers. (PPTX 40 kb

Additional file 1: of Identification of ANKDD1B variants in an ankylosing spondylitis pedigree and a sporadic patient

Table S1. List of patients from the AS9 pedigree and sAS_P1. (PPTX 45 kb

Additional file 2: of Identification of ANKDD1B variants in an ankylosing spondylitis pedigree and a sporadic patient

Table S2. Exome sequencing quality metrics. (PPTX 46 kb

Additional file 4: of Identification of ANKDD1B variants in an ankylosing spondylitis pedigree and a sporadic patient

Table S4. List of candidate genes. (PPTX 46 kb

Crystal Growth, Structural, Electrical, and Magnetic Properties of Mixed-Valent Compounds YbOs₂Al₁₀ and LuOs₂Al₁₀

Single crystals of YbOs₂Al₁₀ and LuOs₂Al₁₀ were grown for the first time using an aluminum self-flux method. The compounds crystallized into a cagelike structure in space group <i>Cmcm</i>, similar to the prototype compound YbFe₂Al₁₀. YbOs₂Al₁₀ exhibited a mixed-valent nature, as determined by magnetic susceptibility measurements over a wide temperature range from 2 to 900 K, in which the inter–configuration–fluctuation model revealed a broad peak around 400 K. In contrast, LuOs₂Al₁₀ displayed Pauli-like paramagnetic behavior over the same temperature range. Both compounds were metallic in nature between 2 and 300 K. The electronic specific heat coefficient of 21.3(2) mJ mol^–1 K^–2 for YbOs₂Al₁₀ was determined to be larger than that for LuOs₂Al₁₀ [8.9(1) mJ mol^–1 K^–2], reflecting the mixed-valent nature of the former. First-principles calculations predicted the presence of a mixed-valent state in YbOs₂Al₁₀, in agreement with the experimental observations. The novel compound YbOs₂Al₁₀ elucidates the evolution of the mixed-valent nature of the Yb-based ternary transition metal aluminides from the 3d to 5d elements

Emissions of Parent, Nitro, and Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Residential Wood Combustion in Rural China

Residential wood combustion is one of the important sources of air pollution in developing countries. Among the pollutants emitted, parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pPAHs) and their derivatives, including nitrated and oxygenated PAHs (nPAHs and oPAHs), are of concern because of their mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. In order to evaluate their impacts on regional air quality and human health, emission inventories, based on realistic emission factors (EFs), are needed. In this study, the EFs of 28 pPAHs (EF_PAH28), 9 nPAHs (EF_PAHn9), and 4 oPAHs (EF_PAHo4) were measured for residential combustion of 27 wood fuels in rural China. The measured EF_PAH28, EF_PAHn9, and EF_PAHo4 for brushwood were 86.7 ± 67.6, 3.22 ± 1.95 × 10^–2, and 5.56 ± 4.32 mg/kg, which were significantly higher than 12.7 ± 7.0, 8.27 ± 5.51 × 10^–3, and 1.19 ± 1.87 mg/kg for fuel wood combustion (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Sixteen U.S. EPA priority pPAHs contributed approximately 95% of the total of the 28 pPAHs measured. EFs of pPAHs, nPAHs, and oPAHs were positively correlated with one another. Measured EFs varied obviously depending on fuel properties and combustion conditions. The EFs of pPAHs, nPAHs, and oPAHs were significantly correlated with modified combustion efficiency and fuel moisture. Nitro-naphthalene and 9-fluorenone were the most abundant nPAHs and oPAHs identified. Both nPAHs and oPAHs showed relatively high tendencies to be present in the particulate phase than pPAHs due to their lower vapor pressures. The gas-particle partitioning of freshly emitted pPAHs, nPAHs, and oPAHs was primarily controlled by organic carbon absorption

Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of the Layered Oxyselenide Ba₂CuO₂Cu₂Se₂

A new layered oxyselenide, Ba₂CuO₂Cu₂Se₂, was synthesized under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions and was characterized via structural, magnetic, and transport measurements. It crystallizes into space group <i>I</i>4/<i>mmm</i> and consists of a square lattice of [CuO₂] planes and antifluorite-type [Cu₂Se₂] layers, which are alternately stacked along the <i>c</i> axis. The lattice parameters are obtained as <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> = 4.0885 Å and <i>c</i> = 19.6887 Å. The Cu–O bond length is given by half of the lattice constant <i>a</i>, i.e., 2.0443 Å. Ba₂CuO₂Cu₂Se₂ is a semiconductor with a resistivity of ∼18 mΩ·cm at room temperature. No magnetic transition was found in the measured temperature range, and the Curie–Weiss temperature was obtained as −0.2 K, suggesting a very weak exchange interaction. The DFT+<i>U</i>_eff calculation demonstrates that the band gap is about 0.2 eV for the supposed antiferromagnetic order, and the density of state near the top of the valence band is mainly contributed from the Se 4p electrons