1,319 research outputs found
CMB Cold Spot from Inflationary Feature Scattering
We propose a "feature-scattering" mechanism to explain the cosmic microwave
background cold spot seen from WMAP and Planck maps. If there are hidden
features in the potential of multi-field inflation, the inflationary trajectory
can be scattered by such features. The scattering is controlled by the amount
of isocurvature fluctuations, and thus can be considered as a mechanism to
convert isocurvature fluctuations into curvature fluctuations. This mechanism
predicts localized cold spots (instead of hot ones) on the CMB. In addition, it
may also bridge a connection between the cold spot and a dip on the CMB power
spectrum at .Comment: 17 pages, 17 figures, Nuclear Physics B in pres
Reconstructing the Local Potential of Inflation with BICEP2 data
We locally reconstruct the inflationary potential by using the current
constraints on and from BICEP2 data. Assuming small and
negligible , the inflationary potential is approximately linear
in range but becomes non-linear in range. However if we vary the value of within
the range given by constraints from {\it Planck} measurement, the local
reconstruction is only valid in the range of ,
which challenges the inflationary background from the point of view of
effective field theory. We show that, within the range of , the inflation potential can be precisely reconstructed. With the
current reconstruction, we show that and are
consistent, while model is ruled out by confidence level of the
reconstructed range of potential. This sets up a strong limit of large-field
inflation models.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure
1-[(3-NitroÂphenÂyl)(piperidin-1-yl)methyl]piperidine
In the crystal structure of the title compound, C17H25N3O2, one-dimensional chains are formed via interÂmolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds along the a axis
Clinical study on botulinum toxin A injections for blepharospasm
AIM: To observe the efficacy of using botulinum toxin A in the treatment of blepharospasm.<p>METHODS:Totally 113 patients with blepharospasm were managed with a local injection of botulinum toxin A, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.<p>RESULTS:Fifty-nine cases(52.2%)had a complete remission of symptoms, 49 patients(43.4%)presented with obvious relieved spasm, 4 cases(3.5%)were partially relieved and the 1 patient(0.9%)remained unchanged. The total effective rate was 99.1%. The time of beginning effect was 1-14d. The recover time was mostly in 14d. The average of therapeutic effect lasted 1-9mo. Adverse reactions such as mild palpebra dysraphism, palpebra ptosis and local subcutaneous blood stasis were found in 23 patients, and the symptoms disappeared in 2-4wk.<p>CONCLUSION:Botulinum toxin A can effectively control medium and severe blepharospasm by injecting a little dose on local muscle
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