Additional file 1: of Comparison of the Ahmed glaucoma valve with the Baerveldt glaucoma implant: a meta-analysis

Search strategy.doc, search strategy for meta-analysis. (DOCX 16 kb

Additional file 2: of Comparison of the Ahmed glaucoma valve with the Baerveldt glaucoma implant: a meta-analysis

PRISMA 2009 Checklist.doc, PRISMA Checklist for meta-analysis. (DOC 62 kb

Large-Scale Uniform Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Arrays of Gold Nanoparticles Templated from Mesoporous Silica Film for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

A good surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate requires precise control of the enhancement factor in large area which may be achieved with large-scale hot spot engineering. Here, we present a facile method for synthesizing 2-D hexagonally patterned gold nanoparticle arrays on centimeter-sized substrates of mesoporous silica thin films with vertical nanochannels by chemical reduction. Scanning electron microscopy images showed densely packed gold nanoparticles directly anchored on the openings of vertical mesopores (∼5 nm) leading to 2 nm nanogaps between the gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticle arrays showed red-shifted localized surface plasmon resonance spectra due to strong couplings between close-packed gold. The dense on-substrate 2 nm plasmonic nanogaps lead to highly enhanced local electric field and excellent macroscopic uniformity in SERS

Prior irradiation results in elevated programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in T cells

<p><b>Purpose:</b> In this study we addressed the question whether radiation-induced adverse effects on T cell activation are associated with alterations of T cell checkpoint receptors.</p> <p><b>Materials and methods:</b> Expression levels of checkpoint receptors on T cell subpopulations were analyzed at multiple post-radiation time points ranging from one to four weeks in mice receiving a single fraction of 1 or 4 Gy of γ-ray. T cell activation associated metabolic changes were assessed.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Our results showed that prior irradiation resulted in significant elevated expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in both CD4+ and CD8+ populations, at all three post-radiation time points. T cells with elevated PD-1 mostly were either central memory or naïve cells. In addition, the feedback induction of PD-1 expression in activated T cells declined after radiation.</p> <p><b>Conclusion:</b> Taken together, the elevated PD-1 level observed at weeks after radiation exposure is connected to T cell dysfunction. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have showed that a combination of radiotherapy and T cell checkpoint blockade immunotherapy including targeting the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 axis may potentiate the antitumor response. Understanding the dynamic changes in PD-1 levels in T cells after radiation should help in the development of a more effective therapeutic strategy.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of A phase I dose-escalation study of PEP02 (irinotecan liposome injection) in combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in advanced solid tumors

Tumor type, dose level, DLT, best response and single nucleotide polymorphisms of UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6. (DOCX 18 kb

Analysis of skin pigmentation

Correlation analysis for skin color (L*), melanocytes ratio and melanin concentratio

Structure of the TFT-based biosensor and the experimental flow.

<p>(A) Structure and cross-section of the TFT-based biosensor. (B) 8-MOA, EDC/NHS and target protein and ligand were applied to sensing pad step by step. (C) From (b), I_DS-V_GS transfer curves of a bare TFT device along with the current response after the step-by-step application of 8MOA, EDC/NHS and soln. (4). (D) From (c), normalized drain currents at V_GS = 8V and V_DS = 5V can be derived. The drain current of after dispensing EDC/NHS is normalized to 1. The average current increment of soln. (4) is about 17.7% compared to that of EDC/NHS.</p

Summary of the TFT current changes of different solutions.

<p>Summary of the TFT current changes of different solutions.</p

Percentage drain current changes at different experimental stages and illustration of the sensing mechanism.

<p>(A) Comparison of current changes of PBS, soln. (1), (2), (3) and (4). (B) Illustration of the incomplete reaction when only NADH and OAA are presented in the solution. Since no (or very small amount of) NAD+ is produced, the TFT device doesn’t sense significant amount of current changes. (C) For a nearly complete reaction when MDH catalyzes NADH and OAA to NAD⁺ and malate. NAD⁺ molecules carrying positive charges are captured by cross linker layer, contributing to the drain current increase. Negative charges are induced in the IGZO channel layer through the Au sensing pad separated by the passivation SiO₂ from the channel.</p

Experimental results: Comparisons of the corresponding drain current changes; and optical spectrometry measurement of various solutions.

<p>(A) For the nearly complete reaction, the drain current decreases when the concentration is reduced. (B) In comparison, for the incomplete reaction (soln. (7) and (8)), the tenfold increase or decrease of NADH concentration results in a small amount of drain current change. (C) Absorption spectra of pure NADH; along with solutions of nearly complete reaction for comparisons. (D) Absorption spectra of solutions of incomplete reaction are plotted for comparisons.</p