5,312 research outputs found
Three Dimensional Imaging of the Nucleon and Semi-Inclusive High Energy Reactions
We present a short overview on the studies of transverse momentum dependent
parton distribution functions of the nucleon. The aim of such studies is to
provide a three dimensional imagining of the nucleon and a comprehensive
description of semi-inclusive high energy reactions. By comparing with the
theoretical framework that we have for the inclusive deep inelastic
lepton-nucleon scattering and the one-dimensional imaging of the nucleon, we
summarize what we need to do in order to construct such a comprehensive
theoretical framework for semi-inclusive processes in terms of three
dimensional gauge invariant parton distributions. After that, we present an
overview of what we have already achieved with emphasize on the theoretical
framework for semi-inclusive reactions in leading order perturbative QCD but
with leading and higher twist contributions. We summarize in particular the
results for the differential cross section and the azimuthal spin asymmetries
in terms of the gauge invariant transverse momentum dependent parton
distribution functions. We also briefly summarize the available experimental
results on semi-inclusive reactions and parameterizations of transverse
momentum dependent parton distributions extracted from them and make an outlook
for the future studies.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figure
Laboratory Diagnosis of Respiratory Tract Infections in Children β the State of the Art
In the pediatric population, respiratory infections are the most common cause of physician visits. Although many respiratory illnesses are self-limiting viral infections that resolve with time and supportive care, it can be critical to identify the causative pathogen at an early stage of the disease in order to implement effective antimicrobial therapy and infection control. Over the last few years, diagnostics for respiratory infections have evolved substantially, with the development of novel assays and the availability of updated tests for newer strains of pathogens. Newer laboratory methods are rapid, highly sensitive and specific, and are gradually replacing the conventional gold standards, although the clinical utility of these assays is still under evaluation. This article reviews the current laboratory methods available for testing for respiratory pathogens and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each approach
When Prompt-based Incremental Learning Does Not Meet Strong Pretraining
Incremental learning aims to overcome catastrophic forgetting when learning
deep networks from sequential tasks. With impressive learning efficiency and
performance, prompt-based methods adopt a fixed backbone to sequential tasks by
learning task-specific prompts. However, existing prompt-based methods heavily
rely on strong pretraining (typically trained on ImageNet-21k), and we find
that their models could be trapped if the potential gap between the pretraining
task and unknown future tasks is large. In this work, we develop a learnable
Adaptive Prompt Generator (APG). The key is to unify the prompt retrieval and
prompt learning processes into a learnable prompt generator. Hence, the whole
prompting process can be optimized to reduce the negative effects of the gap
between tasks effectively. To make our APG avoid learning ineffective
knowledge, we maintain a knowledge pool to regularize APG with the feature
distribution of each class. Extensive experiments show that our method
significantly outperforms advanced methods in exemplar-free incremental
learning without (strong) pretraining. Besides, under strong retraining, our
method also has comparable performance to existing prompt-based models, showing
that our method can still benefit from pretraining. Codes can be found at
https://github.com/TOM-tym/APGComment: Accepted to ICCV 202
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