The Relationship Between Teachers’ Perception Towards School Climate and Their Decision-Making Styles at a Primary School in Anning District, Lanzhou City, China

 The main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between teachers’ perception towards school climate and their decisionmaking styles at a selected primary school in Anning District, Lanzhou city, China. The study firstly assessed the teachers’ perception towards school climate, examined the teachers’ decision-making styles; lastly tested the relationship between these two main variables. A total of 71 full-time teachers replied the questionnaires adopted by the researcher. Means and Standard Deviations were used to report the teachers’ perception towards school climate and their decision-making styles; Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient analysis was applied to test the relationship between these two variables. The results showed that, the teachers in the target school had a relatively positive attitude towards school climate. Besides, teachers’ most preferred decision-making style was group decision-making style. The Pearson Correlation test indicated that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ perception towards school climate and their decisionmaking styles at the selected primary school in Anning District, Lanzhou city, China.

Comparison of form-deprived myopia and lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs

<b>AIM:</b> To study the efficacy difference between form-deprived myopia (FDM) and lens-induced myopia (LIM), the degree of myopia, axial length and pathological changes of the posterior sclera from guinea pigs were evaluated.<b>METHODS:</b> Four-week pigmented guinea pigs were randomly assigned into 3 groups, including normal control (<i>n</i>=6), FDM group with monocular cover (<i>n</i>=11) and LIM group with monocular -7D lens treatment (<i>n</i>=11). FDM group was form-deprived while LIM group was lens-induced for 14 d. Refractive error and axial length were measured prior to and post treatment, respectively. Morphological changes of sclera were examined using both light and electronic microscopes.<b>RESULTS:</b> After 14d treatment, refractive errors for FDM group and LIM group were -3.05±0.71D and -2.12±1.29D, respectively, which were significantly more myopic than that of normal controls and fellow control eyes (<i>P</i>&lt;0.01). As for axial length, it was 7.93±0.03 mm for FDM group and 7.89±0.06 mm for LIM group, which were significantly longer than both normal and fellow controls (<i>P</i>&lt;0.01). With respect to both refractory error and axial length, the differences between FDM group and LIM group were not significant (<i>P</i>&gt;0.05). Under light microscope, both FDM group and LIM group showed thinned sclera, disarrangement of fibrosis and enlarged disassociation between fibers. Consistently, ultrastructural examination showed degenerated fibroblasts and thinned fibers in posterior sclera.<b>CONCLUSION:</b>Following two weeks of myopia induction in guinea pigs, with regard to the degree of myopia, axial length and pathological alterations, there was no significant difference between FDM and LIM models. Therefore, FDM and LIM are equally effective and useful as a model of experimental myopia and guinea pigs are ideal animals for induction of experimental myopia because their high sensitivity to both form-deprivation and lens-induction

catena-Poly[diaqua­tris(μ3-biphenyl-2,2-dicarboxyl­ato)disamarium(III)]

The title compound, [Sm2(C14H8O4)3(H2O)2]n, is composed of one-dimensional chains and is isostructural with previously reported compounds [Wang et al. (2003 ▶). Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. pp. 1355–1360]. The asymmetric unit contains two Sm atoms, each of which lies on a crystallographic twofold axis. Both crystallographically independent Sm atoms are coordinated by eight O atoms in a distorted dodeca­hedral arrangement. The polymeric chains run along [001]. Adjacent chains are connected through π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.450 (2) Å], forming a two-dimensional supra­molecular network

Bis(μ-naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxyl­ato-κ2 O 1:O 8)bis­[aqua­bis­(N,N′-dimethyl­formamide-κO)copper(II)]

In the centrosymmetric dinuclear title complex, [Cu2(C12H6O4)2(C3H7NO)4(H2O)2], the coordination environment of each Cu(II) atom displays a distorted CuO5 square-pyramidal geometry, which is formed by two carboxyl­ate O atoms of two μ-1,8-nap ligands (1,8-nap is naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxyl­ate), two O atoms of two DMF (DMF is N,N′-dimethyl­formamide) and one coordinated water mol­ecule. The Cu—O distances involving the four O atoms in the square plane are in the range 1.9501 (11)–1.9677 (11) Å, with the Cu atom lying nearly in the plane [deviation = 0.0726 (2) Å]. The axial O atom occupies the peak position with a Cu—O distance of 2.885 (12) Å, which is significantly longer than the rest of the Cu—O distances. Each 1,8-nap ligand acts as bridge, linking two CuII atoms into a dinuclear structure. Inter­molecular O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions consolidate the structure

Poly[[tetra­aqua­bis[μ4-2,2′-(p-phenyl­ene­di­oxy)diacetato][μ2-2,2′-(p-phenyl­ene­di­oxy)diacetato]dierbium(III)] hexa­hydrate]

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Er2(C10H8O6)3(H2O)4]·6H2O, comprises one Er3+ ion, one and a half 2,2′-(p-phenyl­enedi­oxy)diacetate (hqda) ligands, two coordinated water mol­ecules and three uncoordinated water mol­ecules. The Er3+ ion is nine-coordinated by seven O atoms from hqda ligands and two O atoms from water mol­ecules. In the title compound, there are two types of crystallographically independent ligands: one with an inversion center in the middle of the ligand is chelating on both ends of the ligand towards each one Er center; the other hqda ligands are bridging-chelating on one side, and bridging on the other end of the ligand. Two adjacent Er3+ ions are thus chelated and bridged by –COO groups from hqda ligands in three coordination modes (briding–chelating, bridging and chelating). These building blocks are linked by OOC—CH2O—C6H4—OCH2—COO spacers, forming two-dimensional neutral layers. Adjacent layers are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions, forming a three-dimensional supermolecular network

Aqua­trinitrato[2,4,6-tris­(pyridin-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine]neodymium(III) dihydrate

In the title compound, [Nd(NO3)3(C18H12N6)(H2O)]·2H2O, the Nd3+ ion is in a distorted bicapped square-anti­prismatic geometry formed by three N atoms from the 2,4,6-tris­(pyridin-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPTZ) ligand, six O atoms from the three nitrate anions and one O atom from the aqua ligand. The mol­ecules are linked by O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. Two types of π–π stacking inter­actions occur between the TPTZ ligands of adjacent complexes [centroid-to-centroid distances = 3.760 (4) and 3.870 (3) Å]

Bis[μ-3-(2-hy­droxy­phen­yl)propenoato]bis­{aqua­(4,4′-bipyridine)­bis­[3-(2-hydroxy­phen­yl)propenoato]yttrium(III)} 4,4′-bipyridine disolvate

The title compound, [Y2(C9H7O3)6(C10H8N2)2(H2O)2]·2C10H8N2, contains two eight-coordinated YIII ions, which are linked by two carboxyl­ate groups from two 2-hy­droxy­cinnamate anions, leading to a centrosymmetric dinuclear structure surrounded by solvent 4,4′-bipyridine mol­ecules. It forms a three-dimensional framework connected by extensive O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen-bonding inter­actions

MicroRNA-155 Attenuates Late Sepsis-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction Through JNK and β-Arrestin 2

Cardiac dysfunction is correlated with detrimental prognosis of sepsis and contributes to a high risk of mortality. After an initial hyperinflammatory reaction, most patients enter a protracted state of immunosuppression (late sepsis) that alters both innate and adaptive immunity. The changes of cardiac function in late sepsis are not yet known. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is previously found to play important roles in both regulations of immune activation and cardiac function. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were operated to develop into early and late sepsis phases, and miR-155 mimic was injected through the tail vein 48 h after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The effect of miR-155 on CLP-induced cardiac dysfunction was explored in late sepsis. We found that increased expression of miR-155 in the myocardium protected against cardiac dysfunction in late sepsis evidenced by attenuating sepsis-reduced cardiac output and enhancing left ventricular systolic function. We also observed that miR-155 markedly reduced the infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils into the myocardium and attenuated the inflammatory response via suppression of JNK signaling pathway. Moreover, overexpression of β-arrestin 2 (Arrb2) exacerbated the mice mortality and immunosuppression in late sepsis. Furthermore, transfection of miR-155 mimic reduced Arrb2 expression, and then restored immunocompetence and improved survival in late septic mice. We conclude that increased miR-155 expression through systemic administration of miR-155 mimic attenuates cardiac dysfunction and improves late sepsis survival by targeting JNK associated inflammatory signaling and Arrb2 mediated immunosuppression

The Protective Effects of Curcumin on Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy Are Associated with Inhibition of Wnt/ β

The present study investigated the effects of curcumin, one of the most important active ingredients of turmeric, on podocyte injury in vitro and obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) in vivo. Cellular experiments in vitro showed that curcumin significantly antagonized leptin-induced downregulation of the mRNA and protein expression of podocyte-associated molecules including nephrin, podocin, podoplanin, and podocalyxin. Animal experiments in vivo showed that curcumin significantly reduced the body weight, Lee’s index, abdominal fat index, urinary protein excretion, and average glomerular diameter and significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein expressions of the above podocyte-associated molecules in ORG mice. Furthermore, the experiments in vitro and in vivo both displayed that curcumin could downregulate the mRNA and protein expressions of Wnt1, Wnt2b, Wnt6, and β-catenin and upregulate the phosphorylation level of β-catenin protein in podocytes and renal tissue. In conclusion, curcumin is able to alleviate the harmful reaction of leptin on podocytes and reduce the severity of ORG. The above protective effects are associated with the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation in podocytes