Analysis of only 0-1 min clip or 1-4 min Clip for focal liver lesions during contrast-enhanced ultrasonography

Purpose: To evaluate the reliability of analysis of only 0-1min clips and 1-4min clips versus the entire clips in performing contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) of focal liver lesions (FLLs).Methods: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) examinations of 43 single FLLs were performed. All clips were analyzed in three ways, the entire clips, 0-1 min clips and 1-4 min clips, benign or malignant diagnosis and pathological diagnosis of each FLL were concluded by the three ways subsequently.Results: The results of correct diagnosis were assessed using Chi-square test. There was no difference with regard to benign or malignant diagnosis, between 0-1min clips and the entire clips, or between 1-4 min clips and the entire clips (p = 0.243 and p = 0.747, respectively). Moreover, no significant differences in pathological diagnosis existed between 0-1min clips and the entire clips, and 1- 4min clips versus entire clips (p=0.808 and p = 0.808, respectively). No significant differences existed among CEUS entire clip, 0-1min clip and 1-4min clip in identifying FLLs, and based on which the diagnosis of two different FLLs during CEUS with only one injection of contrast agent can be available.Conclusion: Only 0-1min clips or 1-4 min clips can be used to instead of the entre clip in performing CEUS of FLLs.Keywords: Focal liver lesions, Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, Ultrasonic diagnosis, Clip

The flavor transition process b→sγb\rightarrow s\gamma in the U(1)XU(1)_XSSM with the mass insertion approximation

People extend the MSSM with the local gauge group $U(1)_X$ to obtain the $U(1)_X$SSM. In the framework of the $U(1)_X$SSM, we study the flavor transition process $b\rightarrow{s\gamma}$ with the mass insertion approximation (MIA). By the MIA method and some reasonable parameter assumptions, we can intuitively find the parameters that have obvious effect on the analytic results of the flavor transition process $b\rightarrow{s\gamma}$. By means of the influences of different sensitive parameters, we can obtain reasonable results to better fit the experimental data

Heritable and Lineage-Specific Gene Knockdown in Zebrafish Embryo

BACKGROUND: Reduced expression of developmentally important genes and tumor suppressors due to haploinsufficiency or epigenetic suppression has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of various malignancies. However, methodology that allows spatio-temporally knockdown of gene expression in various model organisms such as zebrafish has not been well established, which largely limits the potential of zebrafish as a vertebrate model of human malignant disorders. PRINCIPAL FINDING: Here, we report that multiple copies of small hairpin RNA (shRNA) are expressed from a single transcript that mimics the natural microRNA-30e precursor (mir-shRNA). The mir-shRNA, when microinjected into zebrafish embryos, induced an efficient knockdown of two developmentally essential genes chordin and alpha-catenin in a dose-controllable fashion. Furthermore, we designed a novel cassette vector to simultaneously express an intronic mir-shRNA and a chimeric red fluorescent protein driven by lineage-specific promoter, which efficiently reduced the expression of a chromosomally integrated reporter gene and an endogenously expressed gata-1 gene in the developing erythroid progenitors and hemangioblasts, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE: This methodology provides an invaluable tool to knockdown developmental important genes in a tissue-specific manner or to establish animal models, in which the gene dosage is critically important in the pathogenesis of human disorders. The strategy should be also applicable to other model organisms

Study on muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment in BLMSSM via the mass insertion approximation

There are 4.2 $\sigma$ deviations between the updated experimental results of muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment (MDM) and the corresponding theoretical prediction of the Standard Model (SM). We calculate the muon MDM in the framework of the MSSM extension with local gauged baryon and lepton numbers (BLMSSM). In this paper, we discuss how the muon MDM depends on the parameters in the BLMSSM in detail within the mass insertion approximation. Among the many parameters, $\tan{\beta}$, $g_L$, $m_{\lambda_L}$ and $\mu_H$ are more sensitive parameters. Considering the experimental limitations, our best numerical result of $a^{BL}_{\mu}$ is around $2.5 \times 10^{-9}$, which can well compensate the departure between the experiment data and SM prediction

Study lepton flavor violation Bd→li±lj∓B_d\rightarrow{{l_i}^{\pm}{l_j}^{\mp}} within the Mass Insertion Approximation

We study lepton flavor violating (LFV) decays $B_d\rightarrow{{l_i}^{\pm}{l_j}^{\mp}}$($B_d\rightarrow e{\mu}$, $B_d\rightarrow e{\tau}$ and $B_d\rightarrow {\mu}{\tau}$) in the $U(1)_X$SSM, which is the $U(1)_X$ extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model(MSSM). The local gauge group of $U(1)_X$SSM is $SU(3)_C\times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y \times U(1)_X$. These processes are strictly forbidden in the standard model(SM), but these LFV decays are a signal of new physics(NP). We use the Mass Insertion Approximation(MIA) to find sensitive parameters that directly influence the result of the branching ratio of LFV decay $B_d\rightarrow{{l_i}^{\pm}{l_j}^{\mp}}$. Combined with the latest experimental results, we analyze the relationship between different sensitive parameters and the branching ratios of the three processes. According to the numerical analysis, we can conclude that the main sensitive parameters and LFV sources are the non-diagonal terms of the slepton mass matrix