Дослідження впливу питомого тиску пресування на фармако-технологічні властивості таблеток екстракту цикорію і кукурудзи

The results of the impact of specific compaction pressure on the friability, resistance to crushing and disintegration of tablets with chicory and corn extract, obtained by pressing with previous granulation are presented. The choice of rational tableting to obtain tablets that meet the requirements of the State pharmacopoeia of Ukraine was substantiated.Приведены результаты влияния удельного давления прессования на показатели истираемости, устойчивости к раздавливанию и распадаемости таблеток экстракта цикория и кукурузы, полученных методом прессования с предварительным гранулированием. Обоснован выбор рационального режима таблетирования с целью получения таблеток, соответствующих требованиям Государственной фармакопеи Украины.Наведено результати впливу питомого тиску пресування на показники стираності, стійкості до роздавлювання та розпадання таблеток екстракту цикорію і кукурудзи, отриманих методом пресування з попереднім гранулюванням. Обгрунтовано вибір раціонального режиму таблетування з метою отримання таблеток, що відповідають вимогам Державної фармакопеї України

Modifizierung von Anodisierschichten auf Aluminiumwerkstoffen durch chemische Nanotechnologie

Für die Anwendung von Aluminiumwerkstoffen sind vielfach sowohl eine hohe Korrosionsresistenz als auch gute Adhäsionseigenschaften Voraussetzung. Bisher ist das Chromsäureanodisieren das Standardverfahren, um diese Eigenschaften zu erzielen. Dieses Verfahren muss jedoch aufgrund von Sicherheits-, Umwelt- und Gesundheitsrisiken ersetzt werden. Eine viel versprechende Alternative ist ein neues Verfahren, welches auf einem modifizierten Phosphorsäureanodisierprozesses (MPAA = Modified Phosphoric Acid Anodising) in Kombination mit einer nachfolgenden Imprägnierung mittels chemischer Nanotechnologie basiert. Dabei werden durch den MPAA-Prozess geeignete offenporige Anodisierschichten erzeugt, die mittels nanoskaliger Imprägniermedien soweit verschlossen werden, dass eine hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit erzielt wird und ausreichend gute Adhäsionseigenschaften erhalten bleiben. Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen zeigen ein erfolgreiches Oxiddesign und eine gute Einbringung des Imprägniermediums in die Poren

Вивчення гепатопротекторної активності екстракту цикорію (Cichorium intybus L.)

Introduction. Nowadays hepatobiliary disorders are widespread throughout the world and affect more than 2 billion people. They often lead to serious complications and death, and thus significant economic losses [4].Therefore, the search and development of new effective drugs for the treatment of this pathology is an important task of pharmacy and pharmacology. Recently drugs that protect liver cells, namely hepatoprotectors, become increasingly popular. Hepatoprotectors’ action is aimed at restoring homeostasis in the liver, normalizing its functional activity and stimulation of  regeneration processes.There is a lack of drugs obtained from plants which are produced in Ukraineand could be used in the treatment of liver diseases. This necessitates the search of new low-toxic and effective herbal drugs. The perspective plant from this point of view is chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), which is characterized by a high content of biologically active substances [2,7].The aim of research was to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of the chicory extract and its effects on morphology and functional activity of the liver by using the rat model of chronic tetrachlormethane-induced hepatic injury.Materials and methods. The object of the study was an extract of chicory roots obtained by using 50% ethanol and made by repercolation method. Content of hydroxycinnamic acids calculated as chlorogenic acid was 0,0242 ± 0,0005%. Experimental studies were performed on 18 adult albino male rats weighing 180 ±20 g.Animals were randomly divided into 6 groups each consisted of 6 rats. The first group is intact animals. The second group of animals was administered daily intragastrically  50% ethanol (0,15 ml / kg) throughout the experimental period. In the third, fourth, fifth and sixth groups of animals chronic liver injury was induced by repeated intragastric administration of 20% CCl4 solution in olive oil (2 ml/kg b.wt.) two times a week for 30 days. Besides this fourth group of animals received daily intragastrically 50% ethanol (0,15 ml / kg), the fifth group - chicory extract daily intragastrically (150 mg / kg b.wt.), sixth group - silibor daily intragastrically (150 mg / kg b.wt).Results. In the group of rats receiving CCl4 and chicory extract liver morphology and serum enzymatic activity had a tendency to improve. In particular, ALT increased only 2,3 times (p < 0,0002) compared with the second group, AST – 1,6 times (p < 0,0008). These levels of enzyme activity were lower than in the fourth group of animals: ALT – 2,3 times (p < 0,004), AST – 1,3 times (p <0,027), AP - в 1,3 times (р<0,028). Morphologic signs of tissue injury in the fifth group were less prominent than in the fourth group. The described changes indicate hepatoprotective effect of the drug.Conclusions. The results showed that the investigated chicory extract has hepatoprotective effect in rats with chronic CCl4 – induced liver injury, manifested by decreased serum AST, ALT, AP activity and lower degree of liver damage. According to its hepatoprotective activity the extract of chicory was not inferior to silibor.Thus, the water-alcohol extract of chicory is a promising agent for further study to develop a drug with hepatoprotective properties. Приведены результаты определения гепатопротекторной активности экстракта цикория на модели хронического повреждения печени тетрахлорметаном. Показано, что экстракт цикория оказывает гепатопротекторное действие, снижая активность аланинаминотрансферазы, аспартатаминотрансферазы, а также уменьшая признаки повреждения в печени.Навели результати визначення гепатопротекторної активності екстракту цикорію на моделі хронічного ушкодження печінки тетрахлорметаном. Показали, що екстракт цикорію виявляє гепатопротекторні властивості, знижуючи активність аланінамінотрансферази, аспартатамінотрансферази, а також зменшуючи ознаки пошкодження у печінці

Evaluation of the spectral characteristics, purity and antioxidant activity of C-phycocyanin from the cyanobacteria collected in Kaunas Lagoon (Lithuania)

The physicochemical characteristics of phycocyanin extracted from cyanobacteria collected in Kaunas Lagoon were studied (spectrum characteristics, C-PC content in the dry mass and chemical purity). It was determined that the tested concentrations of C-PC in purified water should be in the range of 0.02–0.16% for measuring C-PC content in the dry mass and its spectrum characteristics. The two clear absorption maxima were detected in the spectrum of C-PC at the wavelengths of 277 and 619 nm. The content of C-PC in the dry powder form was in the range of 7.25% to 9.30% depending on its concentration in the solution and type of spectrophotometer. Furthermore, a purity factor of 1.5 was calculated, which indicated the food qualification of the obtained biomass of C-PC. Finally, the analytical procedure for studying the pro- and anti-oxidant activity of C-PC was developed and the antioxidant activity of C-PC was measured for the available markers. It was revealed that C-PC has dual properties (pro- and anti-oxidant ones) depending on its concentration, more exactly, its content in reaction mixtures with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The following issues were resolved during the research: the concentration of ethanol in the DPPH solution was chosen in order to avoid precipitation of proteins in the reaction mixtures (50%); the ratio of the solution of C-PC to the DPPH solution was selected; the selected concentrations of the markers for the construction of their calibration curves were chosen for quercetin and for rutin. The antioxidant activity of the obtained C-PC sample was determined