PPARγ gene C161T substitution alters lipid profile in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which regulates gene expression of the key proteins involved in lipid metabolism, vascular inflammation, and proliferation. PPARγ may contribute to attenuating atherogenesis and postangioplasty restenosis. PPARγ C161→T substitution is associated with a reduced risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Whether or not the gene substitution alters the risk of CAD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients remains unclear.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 556 unrelated subjects from a Chinese Han population, including 89 healthy subjects, 78 CAD patients, 86 T2DM patients, and 303 CAD combined with T2DM patients, were recruited to enroll in this study. PPARγC161→T gene polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Plasma levels of lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, glucose, and insulin were measured by ELISA or radioimmunoassay (RIA). The coronary artery lesions were evaluated by coronary angiography.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The frequency of the 161T allele in CAD, T2DM, and CAD combined with T2DM patients was similar to that observed in the healthy control group. However, in CAD combined with T2DM patients, the group with angiographically documented moderate stenoses had a higher frequency of the 161T allele in comparison to the group with severe stenoses (P < 0.05). Moreover, in CAD with T2DM patients, the triglyceride levels and apoB in CC homozygote carriers were significantly higher than those in "T" allele carriers.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>PPARγC161→T genotypes weren't significantly associated with the risk of CAD, but were markedly correlated with severity of disease vessels in patients with CAD and T2DM. Furthermore, PPARγC161→T substitution was associated with an altered adipose, but not glucose metabolism. These results indicate that the PPARγ C161→T polymorphism may reduce the risk of severe atherogenesis by modulation of adipose metabolism, especially triglycerides and apoB, in Chinese patients with CAD and T2DM.</p

The Fit between Technology Management and Technological Capability and Its Impact on New Product Development Performance

In recent years, the impact of technology management and technological capability on new product development performance has aroused widespread concern. As a result, research models based on the notion of fit between technology management and technological capability seems to show promise. This paper aims to whether there exists a fit between technology management and technological capability and the effect of this fit on new product development performance. Research results show that the fit between technology management and technological capability has a positive effect on new product development performance. Moreover, the fit between technology management and technological capability in firms with high new product development performance is dominated by technological capability, while that in firms with low new product development performance is dominated by technology management

High-Temperature and Pressure Downhole Safety Valve Performance Envelope Curve Study

The introduction of downhole safety valve performance envelope curves can effectively prevent the failure of the downhole safety valves during field operations. The method of drawing the performance envelope curve of high-temperature and pressure downhole safety value was proposed based on the mechanical properties of the downhole safety valve. The numerical simulation method was used for the mechanical performance of the downhole safety valve, and the stress change law of the overall structure of the downhole safety valve under the ultimate load was obtained. The ultimate bearing state and the failure threshold stress value of the key components of the downhole safety valve were further determined. The performance envelope curve of the downhole safety valve was finally completed. The results of the study show that the downhole safety value envelope curve can be obtained by studying the mechanical properties of the downhole safety valve, and each section of the envelope curve corresponded to the cause of failure of the downhole safety valve, giving the theoretical calculation idea of the downhole safety valve performance envelope curve. This study provides theoretical and methodological support for the study of the performance envelope curves of the downhole safety valves, packers, and other complex working conditions of downhole tools and their application in the field

Genome-wide characterization of circRNA expression profile in overexpression of <i>RIP2</i> chicken macrophages associated with avian pathogenic <i>E.coli</i> infection

Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) can cause localized and systemic diseases in poultry, threatening human health via meat or egg contamination and resulting in considerable economic losses to the poultry industry globally. Increasing evidence shows circRNAs were widely involved in various biological processes. However, the role of circRNAs in the host response against APEC infection, especially correlated with the regulation of RIP2, remains unclear. Herein, the RNAseq technology was used to identify the circRNA expression profiles in the overexpression of RIP2 macrophages with or without APEC infection. A total of 256 and 287 differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs were identified in the overexpression of RIP2 group (oeRIP2) vs. the wild-type group (WT) and oeRIP2 + APEC vs. APEC, respectively, whose parental genes were involved in MAPK signalling pathway, Wnt signalling pathway, focal adhesion, tight junction, and VEGF signalling pathways. Specifically, the key circRNAs, such as 5:814443-825127, 10:18922360-18928461, 2:8746306-8750639, and 2:124177751-124184063 might play a critical role in APEC infection and the regulation of RIP2. As a whole, these findings will facilitate understanding the molecular mechanism underlying circRNAs, especially related to the regulation of the RIP2 gene. Meanwhile, the study may offer new ideas to improve host immune and inflammatory response against APEC infection.</p

Enhanced NOx conversion by coupling NOx storage-reduction with CO adsorption-oxidation over the combined Pd-K/MgAlO and Pd/MgAlO catalysts

NOx conversion was enhanced by coupling NOx storage-reduction (NSR) with CO adsorption-oxidation (CAO), which was observed in NSR lean-rich cycle tests with CO as a reductant on catalysts of Mg-Al mixed oxides supported Pd (Pd/MgAlO) and Pd-K (Pd-K/MgAlO). CO was adsorbed on Pd sites in the rich condition and then oxidized by gaseous NO via Eley-Rideal mechanism during the transition from the rich condition to the lean condition, which results in an enhanced NO conversion. This is confirmed by different configuration experiments of Pd-K/MgAlO and Pd/MgAlO, acting as NSR and CAO catalysts, respectively. The intimate mixture of Pd-K/MgAlO and Pd/MgAlO showed much higher activity due to the resultant coupling effect of NSR with CAO in comparison with a zone-arranged catalyst system no matter whether Pd-K/MgAlO or Pd/MgAlO was in the front. The coupling also worked in the presence of H2O and CO2 despite that the efficiency were spoiled. This strategy is ease to be implemented and thereby is potential for the practical after-treatment technology for lean-burn and diesel engines. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Cobalt-Doped K-OMS-2 Nanofibers: A Novel and Efficient Water-Tolerant Catalyst for the Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide

Cobalt-doped manganese octahedral molecular sieves with an ordered cryptomelane structure (OMS-2) were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. The cobalt precursor was directly added into the solution before crystallization to allow its incorporation into the mixed-valent framework of K-OMS-2. The structure, redox properties, and surface hydrophobicity of Co-doped K-OMS-2 were examined by X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, N-2 sorption, temperature-programmed reduction by H-2, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and water contact-angle system. The incorporation of Co induced a morphological change in K-OMS-2 from nanorods to nanofibers and an increase in the specific surface area from 70.6 to 188.3m(2)g(-1). Co-doped K-OMS-2 was shown to be able to completely convert CO at 100 degrees C in the presence of approximately 3% water vapor. The promotion effect of Co on the catalytic activity is believed to originate from the enhanced redox capacity and surface area of K-OMS-2, whereas the improved surface hydrophobicity may induce superior water-tolerant performance

Table_2_Analysis of circRNA expression in chicken HD11 cells in response to avian pathogenic E.coli.DOCX

Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), one of the widespread zoonotic-pathogen, can cause a series of diseases collectively known as colibacillosis. This disease can cause thousands of million dollars economic loss each year in poultry industry and threaten to human health via meat or egg contamination. However, the detailed molecular mechanism underlying APEC infection is still not fully understood. Circular RNAs, a new type of endogenous noncoding RNA, have been demonstrated to involve in various biological processes. However, it is still not clear whether the circRNAs participate in host response against APEC infection. Herein, we utilized the high-throughput sequence technology to identify the circRNA expression profiles in APEC infected HD11 cells. A total of 49 differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs were detected in the comparison of APEC infected HD11 cells vs. wild type HD11 cells, which were involved in MAPK signaling pathway, Endocytosis, Focal adhesion, mTOR signaling pathway, and VEGF signaling pathway. Specifically, the source genes (BRAF, PPP3CB, BCL2L13, RAB11A, and TSC2) and their corresponding DE circRNAs may play a significant role in APEC infection. Moreover, based on ceRNA regulation, we constructed the circRNA-miRNA network and identified a couple of important regulatory relationship pairs related to APEC infection, including circRAB11A-gga-miR-125b-3p, circRAB11A-gga-miR-1696, and circTSC2-gga-miR-1649-5p. Results indicate that the aforementioned specific circRNAs and circRNA-miRNA network might have important role in regulating host immune response against APEC infection. This study is the first time to investigate the circRNAs expression profile and the biological function of the source genes of the identified DE circRNAs after APEC infection of chicken HD11 cells. These results would contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in host response against APEC infection.</p