Molecular mechanism of methyl jasmonate induced apoptosis in human cancer cells

This study investigated the cytotoxic activity of four plant derived compounds including perillic acid (PA), Perillyl alcohol (POH), cis jasmone (CJ) and methyl jasmonate (MJ) on a variety of human cancer cell lines: Breast (MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-231, DC4, DB46, T47D, SKBR3 and ZR75-1), Prostate (PC-3 and DU-145) and Lung (A549, H520 and H2170). It was demonstrated that these compounds induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by themselves or in combination with other agents. Specifically, MJ decreases membrane fluidity resulting in an activation of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) which signals apoptosis via caspase 8 and 2. Combination studies demonstrated that POH, MJ and cisplatin decreased viability, induced cell cycle arrest and activated TNFR1. These results indicate that plant compounds show promise as an alternate treatment option and the combination of these compounds with chemotherapeutic drugs may decrease toxicity and improve efficacy over single agent therapy

Microscopic Image Retrieval Scheme Using Neural Network For Multi Image Queries

In this paper, we describe the plan and advancement of a neural network based image retrieval framework for microscopic images using a reference information base that contains images of more than one information. Such an extraction requires a point by point assessment of retrieval execution of image highlights. This paper presents a survey of crucial parts of content based image retrieval including highlight extraction of color and surface highlights. The proposed neural network based image retrieval framework utilizes a multitier way to deal with arrange and recover microscopic images including their particular subtypes, which are generally hard to separate and characterize. Broad examinations on neural network based image retrieval frameworks show that low-level image highlights can't generally depict elevated level semantic ideas in the clients mind. This framework empowers multi-image inquiry to ensure the semantic consistency among the recovered images. New weighting terms, roused from information retrieval hypothesis, are characterized for multiple-image inquiry and retrieval. The multi-image inquiry calculation with the proposed weighting technique accomplishes about normal order exactness at the main position retrieval, beating the image-level retrieval precision by about ideal rate focuses for different infections separately. Utilizing low level highlights just does exclude human insight. In the event that human mediation is permitted in the image retrieval framework the proficiency supports up

Fast Nearest Neighbor Search with Keywords in Spatial Databases

In these days, many modern purposes name for novel varieties of queries that purpose to find objects pleasing both a spatial predicate, and a predicate on their related texts. Present answer for such queries has a couple of deficiencies that critically influence its effectivity. Prompted by way of this, in this venture, development of a new entry process called the spatial inverted index that extends the conventional inverted index to cope with multidimensional data, and is derived with algorithms that may reply nearest neighbor queries with key words in actual time. As tested via experiments, the proposed approaches outperform the IR2-tree in question response time tremendously, more commonly through a factor of orders of magnitude. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15080

Smart hydrogel for enzyme responsive vaginal delivery of anti-HIV peptide therapeutics

Title from PDF of title page viewed December 16, 2021Dissertation advisor: Chi H. LeeVitaIncludes bibliographical references (pages 150-181)Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2021In response to an urgent need for advanced formulations for the delivery of anti-retrovirals, a stimuli sensitive hydrogel formulation that intravaginally delivers HIV-1 entry inhibitor upon being exposed to a specific protease was developed. The hydrogel formulation consists of PEG-azide and PEG-DBCO covalently linked to the entry inhibitor peptide, Enfuvirtide via substrate linker. The substrate linker is designed to undergo proteolysis by prostate specific antigen (PSA) present in seminal fluid and release innate Enfuvirtide. Of the tested PSA substrate linkers (HSSKLQYY, GISSFYSSK, AYLMYY and AYLMGRR), HSSKLQ was found to be an ideal candidate for PEG-based hydrogel with kcat/KM of 2.2 M-1 s-1. The PEG-based hydrogel displayed a pseudoplastic, thixotropic behavior with overall viscosity varying between 1516 Pa. s to 2.2 Pa. s, within the biologically relevant shear rates of 0.01-100 s-1. It also exhibited viscoelastic properties appropriate for uniform spreading and being retained in vagina. PEG-based hydrogels were loaded with N3-HSSKLQ-Enfuvirtide (HF42) that is customarily synthesized Enfuvirtide prodrug with its N-terminus connected to HSSKLQ linker. The stimuli sensitive PEG-based hydrogel formulations released 31.3 ± 8.7% of Enfuvirtide upon being exposed to PSA at pH 7.4 and 45.5 ± 6.5 % of Enfuvirtide at pH 8.6 over 24 hr., both of which are significantly greater than its IC50. The PEG-based hydrogel was non-cytotoxic to vaginal epithelial cells (VK2/E6E7) and murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and did not significantly induce production of nitric oxide, an inflammatory mediator. The PEG-based hydrogel is found to have suitable physicochemical properties for an intravaginal formulation of the PSA substrate linked anti-retrovirals and is safe towards vaginal epithelium. It is capable of delivering Enfuvirtide with effective concentrations and has the potential to be used in clinical setting for effective prevention of HIV-1.Introduction -- Biomedical strategies to prevent vaginal transmission of HIV in women -- Current state of stimuli sensitive microbicide -- Development and evaluation of Smart Hydrogel for HIV-1 -- Summary, scope and recommendations -- Appendi

Using Exercise To Treat Depression: An Analysis Of Clinical And Social Perspectives

Mental health issues are often difficult to treat, not only because many individuals do not have the money or access to seek adequate treatment, but also because the stigma associated with these illnesses often stops people from seeking help. I propose that exercise is a promising solution that can help individuals overcome both of these obstacles. The goal of this thesis is to analyze the relationship between depression and exercise, in order to understand the mechanisms through which it exerts its positive effects, and how best to treat patients with depression. It also acts as a guide to setting up preventive measures for the general public at large. This thesis starts by taking a look at the illness known as depression, including its history, cultural significance, pathology, and treatment options. It then moves to understanding exercise, including how exercise affects healthy individuals neurologically, as well as the evidence that shows its effectiveness in reducing depressive symptoms in patients. Finally, it suggests various routes of action to help therapists and patients utilize exercise to treat cases of depression, especially as a supplement to existing methods of treatment; and various public health interventions that communities and policy-makers can use to improve the health of the public

STATISTICS OF CANCER, 2020 IN INDIAN STATES: A REVIEW ON THE REPORT FROM NATIONAL CANCER REGISTRY PROGRAMME

The deliberate assortment of information on cancer growth was performed by different populace-based disease vaults (population-based cancer registries [PBCRs]) and clinic-based cancer growth libraries (hospital-based cancer registries [HBCRs]) across India under the National Cancer Registry Program–National Center for Disease Informatics and Research of Indian Council of Medical Research since 1982. This survey analyzed the malignant growth occurrence, designs, patterns, projections, and mortality from 28 PBCRs and furthermore the stage at introduction and kind of therapy of patients with disease from 58 HBCRs (n=667,666) from the pooled investigation for the composite time frame 2012–2016. Time patterns in cancer growth rate were created as yearly percent change from 16 PBCRs (those with at least 10 years of consistent great information accessible) utilizing Joinpoint relapse. Aizawl locale (269.4) and Papumpare region (219.8) had the most elevated age changed occurrence rates among guys and females, separately. The extended number of patients with disease in India is 1,392,179 for the year 2020, and the basic five driving destinations are cancer, lung, mouth, cervix uteri, and tongue. Patterns in disease frequency rate showed an expansion on the whole locales of cancer in both genders and were high in Kamrup Metropolitan (yearly percent change, 3.8%; p<0.05). Most of the patients with cancer were analyzed at the privately progressed stage for cancer (57.0%), cervix uteri (60.0%), head and neck (66.6%), and stomach (50.8%) disease, while in cellular breakdown in the lungs, far off metastasis was dominating among guys (44.0%) and females (47.6%). This audit gives a system to surveying the status and patterns of cancer growth in India. It will manage proper help for activity to fortify endeavors to improve cancer growth avoidance and control to accomplish the public non-communicable illness targets and the reasonable advancement objectives

Delayed Lead Perforation: Can We Ever Let the Guard Down?

Lead perforation is a major complication of cardiac rhythm management devices (CRMD), occurring in about 1%. While most lead perforations occur early, numerous instances of delayed lead perforation (occurring >30 days after implantation) have been reported in the last few years. Only about 40 such cases have been published, with the majority occurring <1 year after implantation. Herein, we describe the case of an 84-year-old female who presented with recurrent syncope and was diagnosed to have delayed pacemaker lead perforation 4.8 years after implantation. Through this report, we intend to highlight the increasing use of CRMD in elderly patients, and the lifelong risk of complications with these devices. Presentation can be atypical and a high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis

cAMP: A master regulator of cadherin‐mediated binding in endothelium, epithelium and myocardium

Regulation of cadherin-mediated cell adhesion is crucial not only for maintaining tissue integrity and barrier function in the endothelium and epithelium but also for electromechanical coupling within the myocardium. Therefore, loss of cadherin-mediated adhesion causes various disorders, including vascular inflammation and desmosome-related diseases such as the autoimmune blistering skin dermatosis pemphigus and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Mechanisms regulating cadherin-mediated binding contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases and may also be used as therapeutic targets. Over the last 30 years, cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) has emerged as one of the master regulators of cell adhesion in endothelium and, more recently, also in epithelial cells as well as in cardiomyocytes. A broad spectrum of experimental models from vascular physiology and cell biology applied by different generations of researchers provided evidence that not only cadherins of endothelial adherens junctions (AJ) but also desmosomal contacts in keratinocytes and the cardiomyocyte intercalated discs are central targets in this scenario. The molecular mechanisms involve protein kinase A- and exchange protein directly activated by cAMP-mediated regulation of Rho family GTPases and S665 phosphorylation of the AJ and desmosome adaptor protein plakoglobin. In line with this, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors such as apremilast have been proposed as a therapeutic strategy to stabilize cadherin-mediated adhesion in pemphigus and may also be effective to treat other disorders where cadherin-mediated binding is compromised