213 research outputs found

    MODULATING CELL DIFFERENTIATION WITH PROTEIN-ENGINEERED MICROENVIRONMENTS

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    Tissue damage caused by diseases and injuries requires regeneration to recover proper tissue function. Traditional treatments using autologous tissue have not yet met the need for tissue regeneration. Tissue engineering has emerged as an alternative strategy for tissue regeneration. It utilizes biomaterials that mimic native cellular microenvironments and provide environmental cues to induce specific cell responses, including differentiation. Biochemical and biophysical cues modulate cell behavior and direct construction of specific types of tissue. Thus, this work describes production and characterization of protein-engineered microenvironments that provide biochemical and biophysical cues to modulate stem cell differentiation

    Impact Of Retirement System On Job Satisfaction And Loyalty: A Case Of The Salary Peak System

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    The salary peak system, developed as a replacement for the early retirement system, provides properties such as extension of the retirement age, decreased salary, and/or changes of job position. The purpose of this study is to explore the perceived attitudes toward the salary peak system, as well as job performance, satisfaction, and loyalty. In particular, this study investigates i) the effects of monetary variables (e.g., salary, incentive, pension); ii) the effects of the non-monetary variables (e.g., word of mouth, position, perceived job importance, organizational commitment); iii) the effects of overall attitudes on job performance; iv) the effects of job performance on satisfaction; and v) effects of satisfaction on loyalty. This study applied various theories and models to explain job performance, satisfaction, and loyalty. In order to measure the findings, this paper conducted surveys and applied statistical analysis using factor analysis and regression. The result provided consideration on old worker’s job motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty or intention to leave regarding how to apply the system. This study provides implications for management and public policy for a retirement system. This study suggests the need for the development of effective management and public policies for the salary and retirement system without decreasing motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty.

    Biochemical characterizations of extracellular vesicles shed by vegetative and sporulating Bacillus subtilis

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    Sporulation of Bacilli is a developmental process that provides long-term viability in unfavorable environments. Recently, biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from Bacilli has also been reported to participate in various physiological and pathogenic phenomena. In this study, EVs were isolated from vegetative and sporulating Bacillus subtilis cells and characterized using mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, microscopy, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The microscopic approach demonstrated that both vegetative and sporulating cells produce EVs. In the proteomic analysis, 156 proteins were identified with statistical significance in EVs collected at the vegetative phase and 185 proteins in EVs shed during sporulation. The two EV cargos showed qualitatively and quantitatively different proteome patterns. Sporulation-associated proteins had greater abundances in EVs at the sporulation stage. Additionally, a fusion-like event of EVs with B. subtilis cells was observed by a fluorescence de-quenching assay. Based on these observations, B. subtilis EVs are proposed to support intercellular communication and sporulation

    Adult Civic Educators’ Educational Needs Assessment in the Context of South Korea

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    This study measured current and required levels of educational capacities of adult civic educators in South Korea. The pairwise comparisons provided implications for more urgent and important professional development areas

    Performance Analysis of a Pointing, Acquisition, and Tracking System for the VISION Laser Crosslink Mission

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    As the volume of space-borne data increases, laser communication techniques are being considered to achieve a fast transmission rate and high link security or privacy. The very-high-speed intersatellite link system using an infrared optical terminal and nanosatellite (VISION) mission comprises two 6U formation-flying nanosatellites, and its main objective is to achieve a Gbps-level inter-satellite data-transfer capacity by applying laser communication technology in free space. A pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) system is required to establish and maintain a stable laser crosslink. In the CubeSat platform, the PAT system relies on a satellite attitude determination and control system (ADCS) for body pointing, owing to its low size, weight, and power (SWaP) constraints. Precise orbit/attitude determination and control techniques primarily determine the availability of a coarse pointing system before entering a fast-steering mirror (FSM) feedback loop system with a laser communication terminal (LCT). This study focused on developing a software orbit-attitude integrated simulator to analyze the performance of the PAT system in the VISION mission scenario. An orbit-attitude integrated simulator was designed to test and validate the PAT sequence of the bus initialization stage (BIS) and coarse PAT stage (CPS) with short-wave infrared camera (CAM) feedback. By applying the characteristics of the CubeSat, absolute and relative navigation systems, star trackers, and control hardware, numerical assessments were conducted to evaluate the body pointing performance during the PAT sequence caused by internal or external disturbances in the VISION mission scenario. The simulation results give a total body pointing error of 46.94 arcsec (3σ), indicating that the attitude control system combined with the developed navigation model satisfies the total body pointing error budget within 90 arcsec (3σ) in the PAT system

    Global Education in Neoliberal Times: A Comparative Case Study of Two Schools in New York

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    Preparing students to live in an interconnected world is of central importance in 21st century education. Neoliberal educational contexts, however, thwart efforts to implement more humanistic and critical versions of global education (GE). This comparative case study examines how teachers and administrators enact GE at two schools—one public, the other private—in the New York City metropolitan area. Findings demonstrate the constraints and possibilities of engaging GE in neoliberal educational contexts. Implications for GE scholars and practitioners include study of how wider contextual factors shape GE’s enactment in a neoliberal era

    Simple Baseline for Weather Forecasting Using Spatiotemporal Context Aggregation Network

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    Traditional weather forecasting relies on domain expertise and computationally intensive numerical simulation systems. Recently, with the development of a data-driven approach, weather forecasting based on deep learning has been receiving attention. Deep learning-based weather forecasting has made stunning progress, from various backbone studies using CNN, RNN, and Transformer to training strategies using weather observations datasets with auxiliary inputs. All of this progress has contributed to the field of weather forecasting; however, many elements and complex structures of deep learning models prevent us from reaching physical interpretations. This paper proposes a SImple baseline with a spatiotemporal context Aggregation Network (SIANet) that achieved state-of-the-art in 4 parts of 5 benchmarks of W4C22. This simple but efficient structure uses only satellite images and CNNs in an end-to-end fashion without using a multi-model ensemble or fine-tuning. This simplicity of SIANet can be used as a solid baseline that can be easily applied in weather forecasting using deep learning.Comment: 1st place solution for stage1 and Core Transfer in the Weather4Cast competition on NeurIPS 2

    Improved Flood Insights: Diffusion-Based SAR to EO Image Translation

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    Driven by rapid climate change, the frequency and intensity of flood events are increasing. Electro-Optical (EO) satellite imagery is commonly utilized for rapid response. However, its utilities in flood situations are hampered by issues such as cloud cover and limitations during nighttime, making accurate assessment of damage challenging. Several alternative flood detection techniques utilizing Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data have been proposed. Despite the advantages of SAR over EO in the aforementioned situations, SAR presents a distinct drawback: human analysts often struggle with data interpretation. To tackle this issue, this paper introduces a novel framework, Diffusion-Based SAR to EO Image Translation (DSE). The DSE framework converts SAR images into EO images, thereby enhancing the interpretability of flood insights for humans. Experimental results on the Sen1Floods11 and SEN12-FLOOD datasets confirm that the DSE framework not only delivers enhanced visual information but also improves performance across all tested flood segmentation baselines.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

    SAVE: Protagonist Diversification with Structure Agnostic Video Editing

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    Driven by the upsurge progress in text-to-image (T2I) generation models, text-to-video (T2V) generation has experienced a significant advance as well. Accordingly, tasks such as modifying the object or changing the style in a video have been possible. However, previous works usually work well on trivial and consistent shapes, and easily collapse on a difficult target that has a largely different body shape from the original one. In this paper, we spot the bias problem in the existing video editing method that restricts the range of choices for the new protagonist and attempt to address this issue using the conventional image-level personalization method. We adopt motion personalization that isolates the motion from a single source video and then modifies the protagonist accordingly. To deal with the natural discrepancy between image and video, we propose a motion word with an inflated textual embedding to properly represent the motion in a source video. We also regulate the motion word to attend to proper motion-related areas by introducing a novel pseudo optical flow, efficiently computed from the pre-calculated attention maps. Finally, we decouple the motion from the appearance of the source video with an additional pseudo word. Extensive experiments demonstrate the editing capability of our method, taking a step toward more diverse and extensive video editing.Comment: Project website: https://ldynx.github.io/SAVE

    Korean L2 speakers’ regulatory focus and oral task performance

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    AbstractThe L2 motivation self system posits that motivation emerges from the dynamic interactions among a learner’s ideal L2 self, ought-to L2 self, and situated learning experience. Only a few studies to date have investigated the individual and combined impact of trait-based and task-induced motivation (i. e., situational motivation related to the immediate learning environment) on L2 performance. Therefore, the current study explored whether Korean L2 speakers’ trait-based and task-induced regulatory focus impacted their oral task performance. Vietnamese university students (N=62) studying Korean as a foreign language completed a questionnaire to assess their L2 instrumentality as being oriented toward prevention or promotion. They were randomly assigned to promotion or prevention task-induced conditions, and then carried out an oral task. The results indicated that whereas the participants’ general motivational tendencies did not impact their task performance, the task-induced prevention condition facilitated faster speech rate (i. e., fluency) and lower error rate (i. e., accuracy) than the promotion condition. Implications for further studies are discussed.</jats:p
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