Weed Control and Seedling Performance Using OUST, Velpar, and Velpar+OUST Impregnated Diammonium Phosphate

Technology that combines herbicide and fertilizer into one treatment thereby reducing application costs while enhancing growth is needed. Four clean and well-prepared sites in TX, MS, and AL were tested. Study objectives were to evaluate the effectiveness of diammonium phosphate (DAP) impregnated with Oust, Velpar, or Velpar+Oust for herbaceous weed control and newly planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling growth. In 1999, treatments were applied early post weed-emergence to 60percent bare ground in East TX. Impregnated DAP provided about 38percent less competitor control than separate liquid and fertilizer applications at similar rates. Best seedling survival and growth resulted from liquid sprays of Oust and Velpar+Oust. Treatments in 2000 were applied to bare ground in TX, MS, and AL. Weed control for Oust-impregnated DAP, Velpar+Oust-impregnated DAP, Velpar impregnated on 250 pounds of DAP and liquid herbicide treatments was similar 120 days after treatment. Seedling survival and growth for impregnated DAP treatments was similar to that for conventional herbicide and DAP treatments. Growth trends are preliminary and will be followed. Drought probably influenced study results

Herbicide and Fertilizer Combinations for Newly Planted Loblolly Pine Seedlings on a Flatwoods Site in Southeastern Arkansas: Year Three Results

Herbicide and fertilizer combinations were tested for enhanced loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling performance on a chemically prepared, flatwoods site in southeastern AR. Fertilizer treatments were selected combinations of 40,50, and 50 pounds per acre of elemental N, P, or K, respectively. Arsenal+Oust (4 ounces+2 ounces per treated acre) was applied for herbaceous weed control (HWC). One treatment of herbicide or herbicide+ fertilizer was applied per year; the same rate was used for years one (1996) and two (1997). After three growing seasons, the greatest seedling volume resulted from two treatments of HWC+NPK fertilizer. Two treatments of HWC alone provided 80 percent and one treatment of HWC achieved 67 percent of the best volume. Of plots receiving year one treatments only, HWC produced the greatest year-three seedling volume. Post-treatment herbaceous biomass was greatest on untreated checks and plots receiving NPK fertilizer

Irrigated and unirrigated eastern cottonwood and water oak in a short rotation fiber system on a former agricultural site

Abstract-Seedlings from an open-pollinated family of water oak (Quercus L) and cuttings from clones of eastern cottonwood (Populus Bartr. ex Marsh) and hybrid poplar (P. Torr. and Gray X P. Bartr. ex Marsh.) were tested on a Perry clay soil in east central Arkansas (St Francis County). The test site received a preplant application of 100 pounds of nitrogen per acre and weed control for two growing seasons. Unirrigated and irrigated test families were monitored for survival and growth through age two. Some Populus clones survived best when irrigated and other clones when unirrigated. All test material exhibited significantly more volume per planted tree when irrigated. After two growing seasons, irrigated exceeded unirrigated saplings with enhanced mean performance for height, diameter, and volume per planted tree of 3.1 feet, 0.6 inches and 19.9 respectively. Hybrid poplars exhibited more uniform early growth

Seedling Response in a Greenhouse to Four Rates of Old and New Paper Mill Sludge

Four rates (0, 36, 75, and 11 2 DT/A)of both old and new pulp-mill sludges were tested in a greenhouse for impact on survival and growth of seedlings of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L). After one growing season no meaningful differences were detected for seedling survival and growth, number off lushes, and decomposition rate for old and new sludges regardless of rate. Seedling foliage showed increases in Mg and Ca and sludges exhibited high pH and increased salinity

Effects of Stock Type and Planter Experience on the Time Required to Plant Loblolly Pine Seddlings

Inexperienced workers planted container-grown and bare-root seedlings of loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) on a rocky, upland site near Batesville, AR in a comparison of planting speed and survivability. Planting speed depended on the type of seedling planted and the amount of planting experience. Significantly less time was required to plant an acre with container-grown than bare-root seedlings. Experience increased the consistency and speed of planting for both seedling types

Use of Carfentrazone for Control of Natural Pine in Forestry Site Preparation Areas

Carfentrazone was applied in combination with imazapyr alone and three-way mixes with imazapyr and glyphosate to evaluate efficacy of natural pine control during site preparation activities. Results from four sites (two in MS, and one each in TX and SC) indicated that carfentrazone could assist in the control of small pine seedlings (less than six inches tall), but the control provided was not at a level considered acceptable for operational purposes. Larger pine seedlings (greater than one foot tall) were not adequately controlled by any of the treatments and shielding by other vegetation was an important factor in the control of smaller pine seedlings. Carfentrazone is not labeled for use in forestry applications and results from this study did not provide any rationale for pursuit of such labeling

Split-season herbaceous weed control for full-season seedling performance

Results from four loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) sites, one in each of MS and TX in 2001 and again in 2002, are presented. Twelve herbicide treatments and an untreated check were tested. Herbicide treatments were applied early (mid- March), late (mid-May), both timings, or not at all to achieve, early- late-, full-season, or no weed control. When averaged across all four sites and compared to the early treatment, bare ground was less from April through July and April through November on late treated and untreated plots, respectively. Full-season weed control provided numerically more bare ground than other treatments. When averaged across sites and compared to the early treatment, survival, total heights at ages one and two, and ground line diameters at age one were less on other treatments. Results are biologically important to managers. Many of the herbicide treatments tested can be applied early or late for the same cost but achieve excellent herbaceous weed control at different portions of the growing season. Early weed control consistently provided numerically more seedling performance than other treatments

Relationship Between Diameter Breast High and Diameter Near Ground Line for Hardwood Species in Arkansas

The relationship of diameter breast high (DBH) and diameter near ground line (DNG) was investigated for three groups of Arkansas hardwoods from four physiographic regions in the state. The relationship between DBH and DNG did not vary significantly across species groups or physiographic regions. Equations of both linear and non-linear form were developed to estimate DBH from DNG. The relationships between DBH and DNG is used to estimate timber volume, growth, and value from residual stumps. The relationship is also useful in harvesting system design and cost estimation in operational forestry

OUSTAR: A Premixed Blend of Velpar DF+OUST XP for Herbaceous Weed Control and Enhanced Loblolly Pine Seedling Performance

Six tests were established comparing the herbaceous weed control (HWC) and resultant loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling performance from treatments of Oustar (0, 10, 13, 16, 19 ounces product acre-1), and industry standards (Velpar L+Oust 32+2; Arsenal+Oust 4+2 both in ounces product acre-1). Sites were prepared prior to planting with: burn only, chemical only, mechanical only, or mechanical and chemical methods. Oustar (13 ounces) and industry standards provided similar weed control and seedling performance. The low rate (10 ounces) of Oustar applied to sandy loam soils receiving chemical preparation and plowing prior to planting provided bareground comparable to industry standards. When averaged across test sites, herbicide plots consistently had more bareground than untreated plots by nearly 2x 30 days after treatment (DAT), 3x 60 DAT, 4x 90 DAT, and 5x 120 DAT. Similarly, herbicide plots had more seedling survival (9 percent), total height (0.69 feet), ground line diameter (0.26 inch), and volume index (1.54 cubic feet) than untreated plots