Predicting the welding parameters and deposition geometry of gas metal arc welding process for fillet / Mohamad Yazman Yaakub

A wide range of welding parameters and deposition geometry sizes of Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process are predicted. Recent studies focus on optimizing a weld bead size by using mathematical models and using costly welding software. A lot of studies were focused on downhand welding position, some in horizontal position and few in vertical and overhead positions. They were also studies in butt joint design and few in T-fillet joint design. The scope of this research focused on the predicting welding parameters and welding deposition geometry on a T-fillet joint with GMAW process utilizing articulated robot. 1.2mm diameter of ER70S-6 filler wire is used to produce fillet weld on 6mm thickness of low carbon steel base metal and shielded by 100% carbon dioxide gas. The T-fillet joint design is welded in 2F, 3F and 4F welding positions. A calculator is developed by Microsoft Excel software and the output will be a system that can predict the welding deposition geometry for the respective welding parameters. The results are validated by complying with American Welding Society (AWS Dl.l) Codes and Standard and by using Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD). 5 sets of welding currents i.e. lOOamp, 138amp,175amp,2l3amp and 250amp with respective arc voltages of ISvolts, 21 volts, 24volts, 27volts and BOvolts; and with welding speeds of 2.5mm/second, 5mm/second, 7mm/second, lOmm/second, 12mm/second respectively are preset and 125 coupons are prepared for each position. Only quality weld beads are selected for macro etching tests and their actual geometrical data (results) are tabulated. All welding parameters and deposition geometry data are graphically plotted in 2D. Two calculators are produced based on actual and predicted data that are produced by those graphs. The welding parameters and deposition geometry results seemed accurately predicted within 1mm of Mean Absolute Deviation. The correlation graphs show that the higher the welding currents and voltages, the bigger the fillet weld size but it was otherwise for weld speeds. As a conclusion, the prediction calculators seemed successful to facilitate welding engineer in determining suitable welding parameters to be applied to produce the required fillet weld bead sizes. These calculators seemed could be utilized in industrial application

Chapter 08: Conclusions and Recommendations

Here we review brief summaries by chapter and then derive some integrated conclusions across chapters. Recommendations are presented with respect to further research, outreach and policy consideration. Because several years have passed between the end of our field work and publication of this synthesis volume, we end with an epilogue that highlights changes and key events that happened at San José Llanga (SJL) and with collaborating institutions in Bolivia between 1996-9.https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/sustaining_agropastoralism/1007/thumbnail.jp

NANO ÇİNKO OKSİT PARTİKÜL KATILAN EPOKSİ KAPLAMALARIN MEKANİK VE ANTİKOROZİF ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Bu çalışmada, metal yüzeyleri korumak amacıyla kullanılan epoksi kaplamaya katılan ZnO nanopartiküllerin kaplamanın mekanik ve antikorozif özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma iki aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk aşamada hem katılacak partikül miktarını belirleyerek kompozit malzemeyi üretmek hem de bu malzemenin özelliklerini belirlemek için çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda epoksi matrise ağ. %0,5, 1 ve 1,5 oranlarında nano ZnO katılmasına karar verilmiştir. Bu oranlarla hazırlanan kompozit malzemelere uygulanan çekme testi sonunda en yüksek özellikler ağ. %1 ZnO nanopartikül katılan kompozit malzemede elde edilmiştir. Nanokompozitlerin diğer özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla ayrıca; DSC, TGA, FTIR, SEM analizleri yapılmıştır. İkinci aşamada hazırlanan nanokompozitler çelik test plakaları üzerine kaplanmıştır. Kaplamaların antikorozif performansı asit çözeltisine daldırma ve tuz sisi testleri ile incelenmiştir. Korozyon testi sonuçlarına göre, en iyi sonuç %1 ZnO nanopartikül katılan kompozit kaplamada elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca kaplamaların darbe dayanımı, esnekliği ve çelik alt tabakaya yapışma özellikleri çeşitli testlerle incelenmiştir

Modelisation des robots flexibles par les Bond-Graphs : application a l'analyse de leurs performances dynamiques

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Exercise and sports in haemoglobin disorders

Anaemia causes lower oxygen transport to tissues, interfering with normal physical development and may interfere with exercise and sports in thalassemia and Sickle-Cell-Disease (SCD) l. Moreover, in SCD, the abnormal haemoglobin alters the erythrocyte shape and leads to pulmonary parenchymal damage, impaired vascular function and micro vascular complications. However, we now accept that, with regular blood transfusions and efficient oral or parenteral chelation modalities, many patients lead a normal development and life with little or no change from the lifestyle of their unaffected friends, although there are cognitive and emotional factors leading behaviour for participation in the social life and exercise, as studied by many scientists in Italy, United Kingdom, Greece and India.&nbsp;贫血导致组织供氧不足，妨碍身体的正常发育，并可能干扰地中海贫血和镰状细胞病（SCD）患者的体育运动。更严重的是，在镰状细胞病患者体内，异常血红蛋白能改变红细胞形态，造成肺薄壁组织损害、血管功能损伤，并引起微血管并发症。 然而，意大利、英国、希腊和印度的多位科学家的研究表明：尽管认知因子和情感因子是参加社会生活和运动的主导行为，但只要患者定期输血和采用高效的口服或非口服螯合疗法，很多人都可以正常发育和生活，与未受感染的人群并无大的区别。</p

Examining fruit and vegetable consumption behavior of childrens i̇n 10-14 age group on different socio-economic status

Bu çalışma farklı sosyoekonomik (SED) düzeydeki 10-14 yaş grubu çocuklarda sebze-meyve tüketim alışkanlığını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapıldı. Bir Mart-1 Nisan 2015 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul İli Beykoz İlçesi'ndeki resmi ve özel ortaokullarda öğrenim gören 636 adolesan üzerinde yürütülen çalışmanın verileri, bir anket formu ile elde edildi. Adolesanların vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ölçümleri alındı. Beden Kitle İndeksleri hesaplandı. Bir günlük sebze-meyve tüketimleri belirlendi. Yaş ortalaması 12.6±1.1 yıl olan adolesanların %42.5'i düşük, %57.5'i yüksek SED grubunda yer aldı. Hafif kilolu ve obez olma oranı kızlarda %18.4, erkeklerde %25.8 olarak bulundu. Günlük ortalama sebze-meyve tüketimi, 480.8±261.2 gram olarak saptandı. Yeterli sebze-meyve tüketim oranı, düşük SED'de %38, yüksek SED'de %62, tüm grupta %39 idi. Yeterli miktarda sebze-meyve tüketimi ile yüksek SED, kız cinsiyeti, üniversite ve üzeri anne-baba eğitimi, anne-baba çalışıyor olması arasında istatiksel olarak pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (p<0,05). Tüketilen sebze ve meyvenin, adolesanların günlük enerji ve besin ögeleri gereksinimlerine düşük oranda da olsa katkı yaptığı, ancak C vitamini gereksinimini önerilerin üstünde karşıladığı görüldü. Sonuç olarak SED farketmeksizin, adolesanların büyük çoğunluğunun önerilerin altında sebze-meyve tükettikleri belirlendi. Mevcut ve gelecekteki sağlığın korunması ve geliştirilmesinde önemli rolü olan sebze-meyve tüketiminin artırılabilmesi için adolesanların, anne-babaların ve okul yöneticilerinin bilinçlendirilmelerinin yararlı olacağı düşünüldü.This study was conducted to evaluate vegetable and fruit consumption behavior of children on different socioeconomic status (SES) in 10 to 14 age group. The data of this study was collected in between dates 1.March -1.April.2015, through a questionnaire which was given to 636 adolescents who was attending to private or government secondary schools in the district of Beykoz in İstanbul. Body weight and height measures of adolescents were taken. Body Mass Indexes were calculated. Their daily fruit and vegetable consumptions were determined. Median age of adolescents was 12.6±1.1 years and distributed as, 42.5% in low and 57.5% was in high SES group. Ratios of being slightly over weighted and obese, were found as 18.4% in girls and 25.8% in boys. Average daily vegetable and fruit consumption rate was determined as 480.8±261.2 grams. Adequate fruit and vegetable consumption rates were 38% on low SES, 62% on high SES and 39% on the whole group. A positive statistically significant relation was found in between adequate vegetable and fruit consumption with female gender, university or higher education of parents and working parents (p<0.05). Vegetable and fruit consumption of adolescents was slightly contributed their daily energy and nutrient needs while it exceeds their suggested daily vitamin C requirement. As a result, without depending on SES, vast majority of adolescents was found as consuming less vegetable and fruit than suggested. It was stated that as increasing vegetable and fruit consumption has a crucial role on conserving the current and future health, awareness of adolescents, parents and school administrators about this issue would be highly beneficial