Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Educational Activities in Turkey

AbstractInternational Center for Hydrogen Energy Technologies (ICHET) has been successfully promoting hydrogen and fuel cell technologies in Turkey. In addition to technology demonstrations, short-courses are affectively utilized throughout the country. A series of capacity building activities designed to increase the knowledge and awareness of engineering students, researchers, educators and policy makers has been implemented. Meeting activities include short courses, technology specific workshops and conferences, project sponsorships and summer schools. System integration for prototype demonstrations forms the basis for hand-on practical learning through university-industry collaboration in the laboratory. All these activities facilitate knowledge transfer, exchange of information at regional, national and international levels and involve academics, researchers, experts and service providers to further develop their knowledge and interest on hydrogen energy technologies in Turkey

Technical aspects of surgical correction of spinal deformities in cerebral palsy

Purpose: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder arising from a non-progressive lesion in the developing immature brain with an encephalopathy, that results in various levels of motor and sensory dysfunction. Motor disability of these children can be assessed by the Gross Motor Function Classification System in five levels, and depending on their motor functional capability, the most severely affected children fall into levels IV and V. Children in groups IV and V present a full spectrum of musculoskeletal deformities, among which, scoliosis is the most frequently found spinal deformity that most often requires surgical treatment. However, these are procedures that are usually technically demanding, requiring experienced surgical teams and a multidisciplinary approach. Methods: In order to overcome some of the technical pitfalls that may complicate these complex surgical procedures, the authors have gathered together different tips and tricks that may help surgeons performing surgical correction of spinal deformities in CP children. Conclusion: Although for these children surgery is a major undertaking, with the multidisciplinary approach and advances of technology, anaesthesia and optimization of pre- and postoperative care, complications are manageable in most cases, improving not only the outcome of surgery but also the patient's quality of life and satisfaction of parents and caretakers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

UČINAK TEČAJA I CARINSKE UNIJE NA TRGOVINSKU BILANCU SIROVINA TURSKE S EU (15)

This paper investigates the short-run and long-run impact of exchange rate and customs union on the trade balance at commodity-group level of Turkey with EU (15). Bounds testing approach is employed where a new strategy in the model selection phase is adopted ensuring that optimal model is selected from those models satisfying both diagnostics and cointegration. Results indicate that in the short-run exchange rate matters in determination of trade balance of 13 commodity groups out of 21 and customs union in 8 cases. Pattern of response of trade balance to exchange rate does not suggest a J-curve effect in any of cases. As for the long-run effect, neither exchange rate nor customs union has a statistically significant effect on trade balance of any of commodity groups, suggesting that those significant short-run effects don’t last into long-run.Ovaj rad proučava kratkoročni i dugoročni učinak tečaja i carinske unije na trgovinsku bilancu sirovina Turske s EU (15). Koristi se pristup graničnog testa gdje se u fazi odabira modela koristi nova strategija koja osigurava odabir optimalnog modela između onih koji udovoljavaju kako dijagnostici tako i kointegraciji. Rezultati ukazuju da, kratkoročno gledano, tečaj ima utjecaja na određivanje trgovinske bilance 13 grupa sirovina od 21, dok carinska unija utječe u 8 slučajeva. Uzorak odgovora trgovinske bilance na tečaj ne ukazuje na efekt J-krivulje ni u jednom slučaju. Što se tiče dugoročnog učinka, niti tečaj niti carinska unija nemaju statistički značajan učinak na trgovinsku bilancu bilo koje grupe sirovina, ukazujući na to da viđeni kratkoročni učinci ne prelaze u dugoročne

Glyphosate reduced seed and leaf concentrations of calcium, manganese, magnesium, and iron in non-glyphosate resistant soybean

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the effects of glyphosate drift on plant growth and concentrations of mineral nutrients in leaves and seeds of non-glyphosate resistant soybean plants (Glycine max, L.). Glyphosate was sprayed on plant shoots at increasing rates between 0.06 and 1.2% of the recommended application rate forweed control. In an experiment with 3-week-old plants, increasing application of glyphosate on shoots significantly reduced chlorophyll concentration of the young leaves and shoots dry weight, particularly the young parts of plants. Concentration of shikimate due to increasing glyphosate rates was nearly 2-fold for older leaves and 16-fold for younger leaves compared to the control plants without glyphosate spray. Among the mineral nutrients analyzed, the leaf concentrations of potassium (K), phosphorus (P), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were not affected, or even increased significantly in case of P and Cu in young leaves by glyphosate, while the concentrations of calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn) and magnesium (Mg) were reduced, particularly in young leaves. In the case of Fe, leaf concentrations showed a tendency to be reduced by glyphosate. In the second experiment harvested at the grain maturation, glyphosate application did not reduce the seed concentrations of nitrogen (N), K, P, Zn and Cu. Even, at the highest application rate of glyphosate, seed concentrations of N, K, Zn and Cuwere increased by glyphosate. By contrast, the seed concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn were significantly reduced by glyphosate. These results suggested that glyphosatemay interfere with uptake and retranslocation of Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn, most probably by binding and thus immobilizing them. The decreases in seed concentration of Fe, Mn, Ca and Mg by glyphosate are very specific, and may affect seed quality