Identification Algorithm and Improvement of Modal Damping Ratios for Armature Assembly in a Hydraulic Servo-Valve with Magnetic Fluid

The high-frequency vibration and resonance of armature assembly in the hydraulic servo valve are the main reasons for instability and failure. Magnetic fluid (MF) operating in the squeeze mode can be taken as an effective damper for resonance suppression in the servo valve. Due to excitation difficulty and the low signal-to-noise ratio of high-frequency vibration signals, the capability of MF to modify multiple-order modal damping ratios in a multi-degree-of-freedom system is still unclear. To reveal the mechanism of magnetic fluid for improving modal damping ratios, an algorithm for modal damping ratio identification is proposed. The modal damping ratios of the armature assembly with and without magnetic fluid are identified based on the tested resonance free decay responses. Four resonance frequencies of armature assembly are observed, and the corresponding damping ratios are identified. The equivalent modal damping ratios due to squeeze flow of MF are obtained. The results show that the proposed algorithm can identify damping ratios with an accuracy of up to 98.79%. The damping ratios are improved by double or more due to the magnetic fluid, and the maximum resonance amplitudes are significantly reduced by 65.2% (from 916.5 μm to 318.6 μm)

Slurry Erosion Behavior of AlxCoCrFeNiTi0.5 High-Entropy Alloy Coatings Fabricated by Laser Cladding

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have gained extensive attention due to their excellent properties and the related scientific value in the last decade. In this work, AlxCoCrFeNiTi0.5 HEA coatings (x: molar ratio, x = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5) were fabricated on Q345 steel substrate by laser-cladding process to develop a practical protection technology for fluid machines. The effect of Al content on their phase evolution, microstructure, and slurry erosion performance of the HEA coatings was studied. The AlxCoCrFeNiTi0.5 HEA coatings are composed of simple face-centered cubic (FCC), body-centered cubic (BCC) and their mixture phase. Slurry erosion tests were conducted on the HEA coatings with a constant velocity of 10.08 m/s and 16–40 meshs and particles at impingement angles of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 degrees. The effect of three parameters, namely impingement angle, sand concentration and erosion time, on the slurry erosion behavior of AlxCoCrFeNiTi0.5 HEA coatings was investigated. Experimental results show AlCoCrFeNiTi0.5 HEA coating follows a ductile erosion mode and a mixed mode (neither ductile nor brittle) for Al1.5CoCrFeNiTi0.5 HEA coating, while Al2.0CoCrFeNiTi0.5 and Al2.5CoCrFeNiTi0.5 HEA coatings mainly exhibit brittle erosion mode. AlCoCrFeNiTi0.5 HEA coating has good erosion resistance at all investigated impingement angles due to its high hardness, good plasticity, and low stacking fault energy (SFE)

Study on reaction kinetics of single slime

The study of the combustion characteristics of single slime fuels is the basis for achieving clean combustion of solid fuels. This paper uses a combination of experimental and theoretical analysis, combined with the Coats-Redfen integration method, to study the influence of ash content and heating rate on the kinetic parameters of coal slime, and solve the combustion kinetic parameters. The results show that under the same heating rate, the activation energy gradually increases. As the ash content of coal slime increases, the activity of the coal slime sample decreases, and the reaction activation energy gradually increases

Comprehensive evaluation of the effect of five sterilization methods on the quality of black carrot juice based on PCA, TOPSIS and GRA models

The effect of thermal pasteurization (TP), high temperature long time (HTLT), ultra-high temperature instantaneous (UHT), high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and thermosonication (TS) sterilization on the physicochemical, sensory and functional properties of black carrot juice (BCJ) were studied. And for the first time, the comprehensive quality of sterilized BCJ was quantified by mathematical modeling. UHT was the least suitable sterilization method for BCJ resulting from the most severe deterioration in functional properties. TS had adverse effects on sensory and physicochemical properties, but significantly increased the total flavonoids and anthocyanins contents (p < 0.05) and showed the strongest antioxidant activity, making it a nutritional high-value processing method. TP and HHP balanced the improvement of sensory properties and the retention of functional properties, which were the most suitable sterilization methods for BCJ. This study determined the optimal sterilization methods of BCJ, and provided a scientific solution for the screening of high quality processing methods

Construction of a ferroptosis and hypoxia-related gene signature in cervical cancer to assess tumour immune microenvironment and predict prognosis

This study aimed to investigate the potential role of ferroptosis/hypoxia-related genes in cervical cancer to improve early management and treatment of cervical cancer. All data were downloaded from public databases. Ferroptosis/hypoxia-related genes associated with cervical cancer prognosis were selected to construct a risk score model. The relationship between risk score and clinical features, immune microenvironment and prognosis were analysed. Risk score model was constructed based on eight signature genes. Drug prediction analysis showed that bevacizumab and cisplatin were related to vascular endothelial growth factor A. Risk score, as an independent prognostic factor of cervical cancer, had a good survival prediction effect. The two groups differed significantly in degree of immune cell infiltration, gene expression, tumour mutation burden and somatic variation. We developed a novel prognostic gene signature combining ferroptosis/hypoxia-related genes, which provides new ideas for individual treatment of cervical cancer. Ferroptosis, hypoxia and immune regulation play important roles in cervical cancer progression. In this study, we developed a novel prognostic signature combining ferroptosis and hypoxia-related genes, which provides new ideas for individual treatment of cervical cancer patients. The risk score established by ferroptosis and hypoxia-related gene as an independent prognostic factor of cervical cancer has a good survival prediction effect. High and low risk groups showed significant differences in TIME, prognosis, biological metabolic pathway and tumour mutation burden. In addition, we found drugs associated with signature genes. In short, this study has laid a theoretical foundation for exploring the related molecular mechanisms and prognosis of cervical cancer. It also contributes to the exploration of clinical management and treatment.</p

Specific Synergist for Neonicotinoid Insecticides: IPPA08, a <i>cis</i>-Neonicotinoid Compound with a Unique Oxabridged Substructure

Insecticide synergists are key components to increase the control efficacy and reduce active ingredient use. Here, we describe a novel insecticide synergist with activity specific for insecticidal neonicotinoids. The synergist IPPA08, a <i>cis</i> configuration neonicotinoid compound with a unique oxabridged substructure, could increase the toxicity of most neonicotinoid insecticides belonging to the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) 4A subgroup against a range of insect species, although IPPA08 itself was almost inactive to insects at synergistic concentrations. Unfortunately, similar effects were observed on the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), resistant to imidacloprid. IPPA08 did not show any effects on toxicity of insecticides with different targets, which made us define it as a neonicotinoid-specific synergist. Unlike most insecticide synergists, by inhibition of activities of detoxification enzymes, IPPA08 showed no effects on enzyme activities. The results revealed that IPPA08 worked as a synergist through a distinct way. Although the modulating insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs, targets of neonicotinoid insecticides) were supposed as a possible mode of action for IPPA08 as a neonicotinoid-specific synergist, direct evidence is needed in further studies. In insect pest control, IPPA08 acts as a target synergist to increase neonicotinoid toxicity and reduce the amount of neonicotinoid used. Combinations of IPPA08 and insecticidal neonicotinoids may be developed into new insecticide formulations. In summary, combining an active ingredient with a “custom” synergist appears to be a very promising approach for the development of effective new insecticide products

Highly Efficient and Stable Narrow-Band Red Phosphor Cs₂SiF₆:Mn⁴⁺ for High-Power Warm White LED Applications

Due to the unique narrow-band red emission and broadband blue light excitation, as well as milder synthesis conditions, Mn⁴⁺ ion activated fluoride red phosphors show great promise for white light emitting diode (W-LED) applications. However, as the Mn⁴⁺ emission belongs to a spin-forbidden transition (²E_g → ⁴A₂), it is a fundamental challenge to synthesize these phosphors with a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) above 60%. Herein, a highly efficient and thermally stable red fluoride phosphor, Cs₂SiF₆:Mn⁴⁺, with a high internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of 89% and ultrahigh EQE of 71% is demonstrated. Furthermore, nearly 95% of the room-temperature IQE and EQE are maintained at 150 °C. The static and dynamic spectral measurements, as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations, show that the excellent performance of Cs₂SiF₆:Mn⁴⁺ is due to the Mn⁴⁺ ions being evenly distributed in the host lattice Cs₂SiF₆. By employing Cs₂SiF₆:Mn⁴⁺ as a red light component, stable 10 W high-power warm W-LEDs with a luminous efficiency of ∼110 lm/W could be obtained. These findings indicate that red phosphor Cs₂SiF₆:Mn⁴⁺ may be a highly suitable candidate for fabricating high-performance high-power warm white LEDs

Table_2_Crosstalk of necroptosis and pyroptosis defines tumor microenvironment characterization and predicts prognosis in clear cell renal carcinoma.docx

Pyroptosis and necroptosis are two recently identified forms of immunogenic cell death in the tumor microenvironment (TME), indicating a crucial involvement in tumor metastasis. However, the characteristics of necroptosis and pyroptosis that define tumor microenvironment and prognosis in ccRCC patients remain unknown. We systematically investigated the transcriptional variation and expression patterns of Necroptosis and Pyroptosis related genes (NPRGs). After screening the necroptosis-pyroptosis clusters, the potential functional annotation for clusters was explored by GSVA enrichment analysis. The Necroptosis-Pyroptosis Genes (NPG) scores were used for the prognosis model construction and validation. Then, the correlations of NPG score with clinical features, cancer stem cell (CSC) index, tumor mutation burden (TMB), TME, and Immune Checkpoint Genes (ICGs) were also individually explored to evaluate the prognosis predictive values in ccRCC. Microarray screenings identified 27 upregulated and 1 downregulated NPRGs. Ten overall survival associated NPRGs were filtered to construct the NPG prognostic model indicating a better prognostic signature for ccRCC patients with lower NPG scores (P< 0.001), which was verified using the external cohort. Univariate and multivariate analyses along with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that NPG score prognostic model could be applied as an independent prognostic factor, and AUC values of nomogram from 1- to 5- year overall survival with good agreement in calibration plots suggested that the proposed prognostic signature possessed good predictive capabilities in ccRCC. A high-/sNPG score is proven to be connected with tumor growth and immune-related biological processes, according to enriched GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses. Comparing patients with a high-NPG score to those with a low-NPG score revealed significant differences in clinical characteristics, growth and recurrence of malignancies (CSC index), TME cell infiltration, and immunotherapeutic response (P< 0.005), potentially making the NPG score multifunctional in the clinical therapeutic setting. Furthermore, AIM2, CASP4, GSDMB, NOD2, and RBCK1 were also found to be highly expressed in ccRCC cell lines and tumor tissues, and GASP4 and GSDMB promote ccRCC cells’ proliferation, migration, and invasion. This study firstly suggests that targeting the NPG score feature for TME characterization may lend novel insights into its clinical applications in the prognostic prediction of ccRCC.</p

Image_1_Crosstalk of necroptosis and pyroptosis defines tumor microenvironment characterization and predicts prognosis in clear cell renal carcinoma.tiff

Pyroptosis and necroptosis are two recently identified forms of immunogenic cell death in the tumor microenvironment (TME), indicating a crucial involvement in tumor metastasis. However, the characteristics of necroptosis and pyroptosis that define tumor microenvironment and prognosis in ccRCC patients remain unknown. We systematically investigated the transcriptional variation and expression patterns of Necroptosis and Pyroptosis related genes (NPRGs). After screening the necroptosis-pyroptosis clusters, the potential functional annotation for clusters was explored by GSVA enrichment analysis. The Necroptosis-Pyroptosis Genes (NPG) scores were used for the prognosis model construction and validation. Then, the correlations of NPG score with clinical features, cancer stem cell (CSC) index, tumor mutation burden (TMB), TME, and Immune Checkpoint Genes (ICGs) were also individually explored to evaluate the prognosis predictive values in ccRCC. Microarray screenings identified 27 upregulated and 1 downregulated NPRGs. Ten overall survival associated NPRGs were filtered to construct the NPG prognostic model indicating a better prognostic signature for ccRCC patients with lower NPG scores (P< 0.001), which was verified using the external cohort. Univariate and multivariate analyses along with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that NPG score prognostic model could be applied as an independent prognostic factor, and AUC values of nomogram from 1- to 5- year overall survival with good agreement in calibration plots suggested that the proposed prognostic signature possessed good predictive capabilities in ccRCC. A high-/sNPG score is proven to be connected with tumor growth and immune-related biological processes, according to enriched GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses. Comparing patients with a high-NPG score to those with a low-NPG score revealed significant differences in clinical characteristics, growth and recurrence of malignancies (CSC index), TME cell infiltration, and immunotherapeutic response (P< 0.005), potentially making the NPG score multifunctional in the clinical therapeutic setting. Furthermore, AIM2, CASP4, GSDMB, NOD2, and RBCK1 were also found to be highly expressed in ccRCC cell lines and tumor tissues, and GASP4 and GSDMB promote ccRCC cells’ proliferation, migration, and invasion. This study firstly suggests that targeting the NPG score feature for TME characterization may lend novel insights into its clinical applications in the prognostic prediction of ccRCC.</p