9 research outputs found
Chronic Inflammation and S100A12/ Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts Axis: A Novel Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease?
Glutathionylation and reduction of methacrolein in tomato plants account for its absorption from the vapor phase
Plasma S100A12 Levels and Peripheral Arterial Disease in End-Stage Renal Disease
Background: S100A12 is an endogenous ligand of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Plasma S100A12 levels are high in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common in HD patients and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates in this population. To date, however, no study has specifically assessed the relationship between plasma S100A12 and PAD in HD patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 152 HD patients in our affiliated hospital. We investigated PAD history and patient characteristics and quantified plasma S100A12 levels in all participants. Results: HD patients with PAD (n = 26; 21.9 [13.6–33.4] ng/ml) showed significantly higher plasma S100A12 levels than HD patients without PAD (n = 126; 11.8 [7.5–17.6]ng/ml; p Conclusion: These results suggest that plasma S100A12 levels are strongly associated with PAD prevalence in ESRD patients undergoing HD
Glutathionylation and reduction of methacrolein in tomato plants account for its absorption from the vapor phase
A large portion of the volatile organic compounds emitted by plants are oxygenated to yield reactive carbonyl species, which have a big impact on atmospheric chemistry. Deposition to vegetation driven by the absorption of reactive carbonyl species into plants plays a major role in cleansing the atmosphere, but the mechanisms supporting this absorption have been little examined. Here, we performed model experiments using methacrolein (MACR), one of the major reactive carbonyl species formed from isoprene, and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Tomato shoots enclosed in a jar with MACR vapor efficiently absorbed MACR. The absorption efficiency was much higher than expected from the gas/liquid partition coefficient of MACR, indicating that MACR was likely metabolized in leaf tissues. Isobutyraldehyde, isobutyl alcohol, and methallyl alcohol (MAA) were detected in the headspace and inside tomato tissues treated with MACR vapor, suggesting that MACR was enzymatically reduced. Glutathione (GSH) conjugates of MACR (MACR-GSH) and MAA (MAA-GSH) were also detected. MACR-GSH was essentially formed through spontaneous conjugation between endogenous GSH and exogenous MACR, and reduction of MACR-GSH to MAA-GSH was likely catalyzed by an NADPH-dependent enzyme in tomato leaves. Glutathionylation was the metabolic pathway most responsible for the absorption of MACR, but when the amount of MACR exceeded the available GSH, MACR that accumulated reduced photosynthetic capacity. In an experiment simulating the natural environment using gas flow, MACR-GSH and MAA-GSH accumulation accounted for 30% to 40% of the MACR supplied. These results suggest that MACR metabolism, especially spontaneous glutathionylation, is an essential factor supporting MACR absorption from the atmosphere by tomato plants
Useful DNA typing using AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® Kit for formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues in early gastric cancer patient with lymph node metastasis
After distal gastrectomy in a patient with
early gastric cancer, 27 regional lymph nodes around the
stomach were evaluated for the existence of metastasis.
There was a 0IIa+IIc type tumor 2.0x1.5cm in size in the
gastric angle of the lesser curvature according to the
Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma (JCGC).
Histologically, the lesion extended no deeper than the
muscularis mucosae. The cancer stage was so early that
no metastasis was expected to occur but a lymph node
with metastasis was found in one lymph node along the
common anterior hepatic artery (station No.8a). This
histological type was a little different from that of a
primary tumor. The doctor began to suspect that the
lymph node with metastasis might have been from
another patient by mistake. Therefore, DNA typing
using the AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® kit was performed in
formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues:
2 parts of gastric mucosa without cancer, one part of
gastric mucosa with cancer, 4 lymph nodes without
metastasis, and the lymph node station No.8a with
metastasis. STR typing was successful in 6~14 STR loci
and amelogenin gene, and the detected STR type was the
same in all samples. Compared with the STR type using
DNA from the patient’s blood, the lymph node station
No.8a was from the same patient. The lymph node with
metastasis turned out to be not from another patient.
Therefore, we suggest that DNA typing using the
AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® Kit for FFPE samples is useful
in such clinical cases