Kulit Buah Manggis Mengandung Xanton yang Berkhasiat Tinggi

Indonesia is rich in biodiversities, and one of them is mangos teen (Garcinia mangostana L.). Mangos teen is one of many exportedcommodities in Indonesia, but the volume of the export is less than 10 percent of its total production because of the quality is understandard. The situation definitely makes farmers can't improve their income. So it is useful to look for applied technologies to increasevalue of mangos teen fruits. The objective of this article is to discuss: (1) The mangos teen in order to know several advantages ofxanthenes and how to get that nutrient.(2) The way how to improve the quality of the manggosteen in order to increase the export.The method used library research and analyzed descriptively. It is concluded that: (1) The xanthenes as kind of important bioactivenutrient found in mangos teen pericarp can be used as an effective protector of many diseases. It's function as antioxsidant,antiproliferation, anti-inflamation and antimicrobial (2) Several simple technologies can be used for getting advantages of the xanthenes'nutrient, such as juice, syrup, jelly, and puree

The use of Log-file analysis within VMAT audits

OBJECTIVE: This work investigated the delivery accuracy of different Varian linear accelerator models using log file-derived multileaf collimator (MLC) root mean square (RMS) values. METHODS: Seven centres independently created a plan on the same virtual phantom using their own planning system, and the log files were analyzed following delivery of the plan in each centre to assess MLC positioning accuracy. A single standard plan was also delivered by the seven centres to remove variations in complexity, and the log files were analyzed for Varian TrueBeams and Clinacs (2300IX or 2100CD models). RESULTS: Varian TrueBeam accelerators had better MLC positioning accuracy (<1.0 mm) than the 2300IX (<2.5 mm) following delivery of the plans created by each centre and also the standard plan. In one case, log files provided evidence that reduced delivery accuracy was not associated with the linear accelerator model but was due to planning issues. CONCLUSION: Log files are useful in identifying differences between linear accelerator models and isolate errors during end-to-end testing in volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) audits. Log file analysis can rapidly eliminate the machine delivery from the process and divert attention with confidence to other aspects. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Log file evaluation was shown to be an effective method to rapidly verify satisfactory treatment delivery when a dosimetric evaluation fails during end-to-end dosimetry audits. MLC RMS values for Varian TrueBeams were shown to be much smaller than those for Varian Clinacs for VMAT deliveries

The role of complexity metrics in a multi-institutional dosimetry audit of VMAT

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the benefit of complexity metrics such as the modulation complexity score (MCS) and monitor units (MUs) in multi-institutional audits of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) delivery. METHODS: 39 VMAT treatment plans were analysed using MCS and MU. A virtual phantom planning exercise was planned and independently measured using the PTW Octavius(®) phantom and seven29(®) 2D array (PTW-Freiburg GmbH, Freiburg, Germany). MCS and MU were compared with the median gamma index pass rates (2%/2 and 3%/3 mm) and plan quality. The treatment planning systems (TPS) were grouped by VMAT modelling being specifically designed for the linear accelerator manufacturer's own treatment delivery system (Type 1) or independent of vendor for VMAT delivery (Type 2). Differences in plan complexity (MCS and MU) between TPS types were compared. RESULTS: For Varian(®) linear accelerators (Varian(®) Medical Systems, Inc., Palo Alto, CA), MCS and MU were significantly correlated with gamma pass rates. Type 2 TPS created poorer quality, more complex plans with significantly higher MUs and MCS than Type 1 TPS. Plan quality was significantly correlated with MU for Type 2 plans. A statistically significant correlation was observed between MU and MCS for all plans (R = −0.84, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: MU and MCS have a role in assessing plan complexity in audits along with plan quality metrics. Plan complexity metrics give some indication of plan deliverability but should be analysed with plan quality. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Complexity metrics were investigated for a national rotational audit involving 34 institutions and they showed value. The metrics found that more complex plans were created for planning systems which were independent of vendor for VMAT delivery