Gauge invariance, massless modes and topology of gauge fields in multi-band superconductors

Multi-phase physics is a new physics of multi-gap superconductors. Multi-band superconductors exhibit many interesting and novel properties. We investigate the dynamics of the phase-difference mode and show that this mode yields a new excitation mode. The phase-difference mode is represented as an abelian vector field. There are massless modes when the number of gaps is greater than three and the Josephson term is frustrated. The fluctuation of phase-difference modes with non-trivial topology leads to the existence of a fractional-quantum flux vortex in a magnetic field. A superconductor with a fractional-quantum flux vortex is regarded as a topological superconductor with the integer Chern number.Comment: Proceedings of the 12th Asia and Pacific Physics Conference (2013

Nonstandard arithmetic of Hilbert subsets

AbstractLet f(X, Y)ϵZ[X, Y] be irreducible. We give a condition that there are only finitely many integers n ϵZsuch that f(n, Y) is reducible and we give a bound for such integers. We prove a similar result for polynomials with coefficients in polynomial rings. Both results are proved by, so-called, nonstandard arithmetic

Japanese Mediascape: Intellectual Property and the Value Chain

The aim of this article is to examine the Japanese Governments approach to protecting its media trade and, concurrently, growing its cultural and monetary value. Media trade falls within the umbrella of the Japanese contents business. A precise definition of what constitutes this business from a Japanese perspective is very difficult to ascertain. In the global village of an increasingly interconnected world, the achievement of meaningful protection for its commensurate intellectual property is problematical. Piracy of content, which occurs on a grand scale at the individual and business level, is substantially detrimental, from the perspective of revenue, to the owners of the originating intellectual property. The advances in technology, which conjointly creates problems and opportunities for media trade, are significant in the ever-changing mediascape. The value chain is used to draw attention to the need for multi-channel revenue streams in the promulgation of media trade to maximise revenue. This study argues that the Japanese government, in the bubble economy of the 1980s into the 1990s, failed to appreciate the intrinsic financial and cultural value of its popular culture. It delineates the change process within Japan since then to better retain value and enable the longer-term viability of its contents business.Key words: Japanese content business; Intellectual property; Value chain; Japanese media strategy; Remaking; Regionalizatio

The Changing Culture of Fatherhood and Gender Disparities in Japanese Father\u27s Day and Mother\u27s Day Comic Strips: A 55-Year Analysis

LaRossa, Jaret, Gadgil, and Wynn (2000, 2001) conducted a content analysis of 495 comic strips published on Father’s Day and Mother’s Day in the United States from 1945 to 1999 in order to determine whether the culture of fatherhood and gender disparities in the media had changed over the past half-century. Drawing on their research, I conducted a similar kind of analysis of 246 comic strips published on Father’s Day and Mother’s Day in Japan from 1950 to 2004. By comparing and contrasting the results in the two studies, I show how comic portrayals of families have changed in Japan and in the United States, and demonstrate the value of analyzing comic strips in cross-national research