Significant Role of Trust and Distrust in Social Simulation

This paper introduces the Trust-Distrust Model and its applications, extending the Bounded Confidence Model, a theory of opinion dynamics, to include the relationship between trust and mistrust. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of cases in which the prerequisites for conventional communication (e.g., the other person’s gender, appearance, tone of voice, etc.) cannot be established without the exchange of personal information. However, in recent years, there has been an increase in the use of personal information, such as letters and pictograms “as cryptographic asset data” for two-way communication. However, there are advantages and disadvantages to using information assets in the form of personalized data, which are excerpts of personal information as described above. In the future, the discussion of trust value in the above data will accelerate in indicators such as personal credit scoring. In this paper, the Trust-Distrust Model will be discussed with respect to theories that also address charismatic people, the effects of advertising, and social divisions. Furthermore, simulations of the Trust-Distrust Model show that 55% agreement is sufficient to build social consensus. By addressing this theory, we hope to use it to discuss and predict social risk in future credit scoring discussions

Support team and its effects on house remodeling for aged and handicapped persons

地域で生活する高齢者･障害者にとって,住宅環境の整備は必須の要件である｡津山市では在宅生活を支援する立場にある保健婦やホームヘルパー,作業療法士等保健･福祉関係者と,建築関係者が共同で支援チームをつくり住宅改造に関わってきた｡本研究では,この支援チームが関わった事例と直接関わらないで当事者と業者のみで改造を実施した事例を比較し,支援チームが関わることの効果をみた｡調査方法は,各事例の家庭を訪問して面接聞き取り調査を行った｡調査内容は調査票を用いて改造箇所,生活空間,介護量,外出の状況について尋ねた｡改造前後の変化を比較して,支援チームの効果について以下のことが明らかになった｡ 1.支援チームの関与による浴室の改造は,入浴が可能となり生活空間が広がるなど改善が認められた｡ 2.離床を目的にした玄関･廊下･居室の改造は,外出などの日常生活行動を広げ,本人のQOLを高めることに役立つ｡以上より住宅の改造が,介護者の介護負担を必ずしも直接軽減するとは限らないが,高齢者･障害者の介護の質に変化を与えることが示唆された。The maintenance and improvement of housing environments are essential for aged and handicapped persons living in a local communities. The support team consists of public health nurses, home helpers, occupational therapists and architects took part in giving an advices for house remodeling in Tsuyama City. We compared the effectiveness of the participation of the team before and after remodeling of housing environment. An interview was conducted at each cases for places of remodeling, living spaces, quantity of care and ease of going. The results are as follows ; 1. The remodeling of bathrooms, participating support team improved the living spaces to be able to take bath. 2. The remodeling of entrances and corridors for leaving beds, improved the living space and the QOL of care recipients. The results suggest that the remodeling of houses dose not always lighten care burdens for caring, but changes the quality of care for aged and handicapped persons

ピア・フィードバックに対する日本語学習者の意識とエンゲージメント

内容の要約博士(教育学)Doctor of Philosophy in Education広島大学Hiroshima Universit

Leukotriene A.4 Hydrolase in Human Skin

The biochemical properties and immunohistochemical localization of leukotriene (LT) A4 hydrolase were investigated in human skin. The activity of LTA4 hydrolase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of LTA4 to LTB4, the most chemotactic compound known, was detected in the 100,000 × g supernatant of homogenates of human epidermis and a transformed epidermal cell line (HSC-1). No significant LTA4 hydrolase activity was detected in human whole skin or dermis. The enzymatic properties of LTA4 hydrolase isolated from human keratinocytes and peripheral leukocytes were similar. Their activities were inhibited by bestatin and captopril, and they were completely absorbed by anti-human LTA4 hydrolase antibody. By immunoblotting analysis using this antibody, LTA4 hydrolase was detected as a 70-kDa protein in human epidermis and HSC-1 and was found to be similar to the enzyme detected in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes. In human dermis, LTA4 hydrolase was barely detected by Western blotting. On the other hand, LTA4 hydrolase was demonstrated in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes in the epidermis, and in fibroblasts, infiltrating and endothelial cells in the dermis of normal human skin by immunohistochemical analysis using the immunoperoxidase method. These results suggest that LTB4 can be generated from LTA4 by LTA4 hydrolase in keratinocytes as well as fibroblasts, infiltrating and endothelial cells in the dermis of human skin

A Study of Issues in the Education Sector of ‘Post Conflict' Afghanistan : A Case Study from Dokani, Bamyan Province

Afghanistan has been reconstructed rapidly since the civil war ended in 2001. Many schools were rehabilitated and constructed in the last 5 years. The net enrollment rates of primary education have risen from 58.4% and 6.4% in 1999 to 127% and 56% in 2005 for boys and girls, respectively. These figures make us feel reconstruction of Afghanistan is going well. In reality, however, the Taliban is rising again in southern areas. There is growing concern that civil war will occur again. This recent situation is based on people's disappointment and frustration that their circumstance is not going as well as they expected. This is a kind of failure of the reconstruction policy which lacks a long-term and micro perspective. A policy from the people's view point is needed now. This article is trying to investigate people's needs toward education. Our research was conducted in Dokani, a rural area of Afghanistan. The fieldwork has been conducted 5 times since August 2005. Two groups reside within Dokani, the Hazara and the Sayeed. The cultural, social and economical background of these two groups is very different. This difference leads to different school enrollment patterns and different needs for education between the Hazara and the Sayeed. The number of Hazara children attending school is much less than those of the Sayeed, and many Sayeed children are commuting to another better school which is in the center of Bamyan province, 16km away from Dokani. It can be said that Dokani is a class-structured society. We, as outsiders, tend to assume that similar groups of people live in a ‘village'. However, society in Dokani shows considerable variation. To make better policies for the ‘village', we must keep this in mind

Development of a job satisfaction scale for nurses <Notes>

医療を取り巻く環境の変化に伴い,看護師の職務満足の重要性が見直されている。本研究は,看護師の職務満足を測定する新たな尺度の開発と,その信頼性と妥当性の検討を目的とした。中国地方の公立病院において,予備調査で収集された108項目を用いた質問紙調査を実施した。探索的因子分析の結果,県立広島病院版看護師職務満足尺度(JSN-H)が作成された。本尺度の内的一貫性は高いことが確認できた。また,すべての下位尺度とポジティブな気分,総合的満足感,就業継続意思との間に有意な正の相関,ネガティブな気分との間に有意な負の相関が認められ,構成概念妥当性が高いことが確認できた。以上のことから,JSN-H の14下位尺度は看護師の職務満足度を測定できると結論づけられた。With changing environment of medical care, the importance of nurses' job satisfaction has been reevaluated. This study aimed at development of a new nurses' job satisfaction scale as well as examination of its reliability and validity. At a public hospital in Chugoku area, a questionnaire research consisting of 108 items, which were collected from the preliminary research, was conducted. As a result of exploratory factor analysis, Job satisfaction inventory for nurses - Hiroshima prefectural hospital edition (JSN-H) was developed. The internal consistency of the subscales was high. The construct validity of the subscales was high, as each of the subscales was positively correlated with positive mood, comprehensive satisfaction, and working intention, while each of the subscales was negatively correlated with negative mood. Therefore, it was concluded that 14 subscales of the new scale could measure nurses' job satisfaction