The longitudinal changes in the prevalence of NAFLD stratified by the <i>PNPLA3</i> genotype among normal weight subjects.

<p>The prevalence of NAFLD is shown as solid, dashed-dotted and dotted lines in the subjects with the <i>PNPLA3</i> C/C, C/G and G/G genotypes, respectively. NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PNPLA3, patatin-like phospholipase 3.</p

Clinical characteristics of the subjects for the analyses regarding the risk of NAFLD.

<p>The data are the means ± standard deviation, median (range) for skewed variables, or the numbers of subjects (%) for categorical variables.</p><p>^a Fisher’s exact test.</p><p>^b Mann–Whitney U test (otherwise, Student’s t-test was used).</p><p>NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; PNPLA3, patatin-like phospholipase 3.</p><p>Clinical characteristics of the subjects for the analyses regarding the risk of NAFLD.</p

Age-specific impacts of height (H) on PEF and FEF₅₀ estimated for three different age groups of both men and women.

<p>(A): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for reference means of Ln(PEF) in young-, middle-, and advanced-age groups of either gender. Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for ΔLn(PEF) are defined as ΔLn(PEF)/ΔLn(H). (B): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for Ln(FEF₅₀) are defined as ΔLn(FEF₅₀)/ΔLn(H).</p

Demographic, anthropometric, and spirometric characteristics of female participants.

<p>Values are the means ± SD. Symbols are the same as denoted in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0100733#pone-0100733-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. ^*: different from the young-age group (at least p<0.03). ^†: different from the middle-age group (at least p<0.03).</p

Age-specific impacts of body fat mass (BFM) on deciding FEF₅₀ and FEF₇₅ estimated for three different age groups of male and female participants.

<p>(A): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(BFM) for reference means of Ln(FEF₅₀) in young-, middle-, and advanced-age groups of either gender. They are expressed as ΔLn(FEF₅₀)/ΔLn(BFM). (B): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(BFM) for Ln(FEF₇₅) are defined as ΔLn(FEF₇₅)/ΔLn(BFM).</p

Partial-regression coefficients of log-transformed equations predicting the reference means of spirometric parameters in the advanced-age male and female groups.

<p>Symbols are the same as shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0100733#pone-0100733-t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>. All coefficients presented are statistically significant (at least p<0.02).</p

Age-specific effects of height (H) on decision of FEV₁/FVC and FEF₇₅ estimated for three different age groups of male and female participants.

<p>(A): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for reference means of Ln(FEV₁/FVC) in young-, middle-, and advanced-age groups of either gender. Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for Ln(FEV₁/FVC) are denoted as ΔLn(FEV₁/FVC)/ΔLn(H). (B): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for Ln(FEF₇₅) are designated as ΔLn(FEV₇₅)/ΔLn(H).</p

Age-specific impacts of body weight (BW) on PEF and FEF₅₀ estimated for three different age groups of male and female participants.

<p>(A): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(BW) for the reference means of Ln(PEF) in young-, middle-, and advanced-age groups of both genders. Partial regression coefficients of Ln(BW) for Ln(PEF) are defined as ΔLn(PEF)/ΔLn(BW). (B): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(BW) for Ln(FEF₅₀) are defined as ΔLn(FEF₅₀)/ΔLn(BW).</p

Age-specific impacts of body fat mass (BFM) on FEV₁ and FEV₁/FVC estimated for three different age groups of both men and women.

<p>(A): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(BFM) for reference means of Ln(FEV₁) in young-, middle-, and advanced-age groups of either gender, which were expressed as ΔLn(FEV₁)/ΔLn(BFM). (B): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(BFM) for Ln(FEV₁/FVC), being defined as ΔLn(FEV₁/FVC)/ΔLn(BFM).</p

Age-specific effects of height (H) on decision of FVC and FEV₁ estimated for three different age groups of either males or females.

<p>(A): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for reference means of Ln(FVC) in young-, middle-, and advanced-age groups of both genders. Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for Ln(FVC) are denoted as ΔLn(FVC)/ΔLn(H). (B): Partial regression coefficients of Ln(H) for Ln(FEV₁) are designated as ΔLn(FEV₁)/ΔLn(H).</p