Frequency scale for symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

<p>Questionnaire is consist of 12 questions including 7 (light blue lines) with acid reflux symptoms and 5 (dark blue lines) with dysmotility symptoms.</p

HR-QOL (SF-8 survey score) before and after smoking cessation.

<p>General health (GH), vitality (VT), and mental health (MH) significantly improved after smoking cessation in the success group, whereas there were no significant changes in the failure group. PF, physical functioning; RO, role physical; BP, bodily pain; SF, social functioning; RE, role emotional; PCS, physical component summary; MCS, mental component summary. *p<0.05 versus baseline.</p

Clinical characteristics of the study subjects at baseline.

<p>Clinical characteristics of the study subjects at baseline.</p

Factors associated with new development of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

<p>Factors associated with new development of gastroesophageal reflux disease.</p

Flow chart of study participants.

<p>Among 949 patients who initially visited smoking cessation clinics, 420 underwent smoking cessation therapy using varenicline for 12 weeks; all these patients ceased smoking in the short term. Twenty patients who used acid suppressive drugs, had peptic ulcer disease, or had a history of upper GI surgery were excluded, and 209 patients did not complete the survey 1 year later. Of 191 patients who completed the survey 1 year after attempted smoking cessation, 141 patients achieved smoking cessation (success group) and 50 did not (failure group).</p