Supplementary Material for: Prognostic Value of Pre- and Postoperative Anti-p53 Antibody Levels in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study

<p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To determine the utility of the post-/preoperative anti-p53 antibody (p53 Ab) ratio as a prognostic factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 737 nonmetastatic CRC patients who had undergone R0 resection were retrospectively analyzed. p53 Ab levels were measured within 1 month prior to and at least every 3 months after surgery. Post-/preoperative p53 Ab ratios were calculated, and the optimal ratio cutoff values for predicting recurrence were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Preoperative p53 Ab elevation was observed in 194 patients (pre-p53 high). Preoperative p53 Ab levels correlated with TNM stage. Re-elevation of p53 Ab levels occurred on recurrence in the pre-p53 high group, but not in the pre-p53 low group (n = 543). In the pre-p53 high group, patients who experienced tumor recurrence exhibited a slow postoperative reduction of p53 Ab levels, and a post-/preoperative p53 Ab ratio >0.4 at postoperative 3 months predicted relapse-free survival. In other words, a p53 Ab level remaining higher than 40% of the preoperative level was an independent and strong risk factor for recurrence in multivariate analyses. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In CRC patients with preoperative p53 Ab elevation, the rate of p53 Ab reduction in the early postsurgical period is a promising prognostic factor for recurrence.</p

Supplementary Material for: Predictors of Cardioembolic Stroke in Japanese Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in the Fushimi AF Registry

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Large-scale clinical trials have analyzed risk factors for any ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the risk factors for cardioembolic stroke (CES), specifically, have not been reported. To clarify the risk factors for CES and clinically significant cardioembolic infarction, we examined the incidence of CES and larger infarct volume (IV) (> 30 mL) CES, employing the Fushimi AF Registry, a community-based prospective cohort of AF patients in the Fushimi ward, Kyoto, Japan. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 4,182 Fushimi AF patients were enrolled from March 2011 to December 2014. The risk factors for CES were evaluated using multivariate analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 4,182 patients enrolled, 3,749 patients were observed for ≥1 year. During the follow-up period (mean duration, 979 ± 7.7 days), 91/3,749 patients experienced a CES (2.43%). Significant risk factors associated with CES were older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.72; <i>p =</i> 0.046), low body weight (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.03–1.65; <i>p =</i> 0.033), sustained AF (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.05–2.71; <i>p =</i> 0.034), and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.22–3.06; <i>p =</i> 0.004). Predictors of a large IV were chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.09–4.05; <i>p =</i> 0.027) and previous stroke/TIA (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.19–4.24; <i>p =</i> 0.011). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In this population-based cohort of Japanese patients with AF, in addition to previous stroke/TIA and older age, sustained AF and low body weight emerged as risk factors for CES, as opposed to any stroke, which may have a different risk profile. Patients with CKD or previous stroke/TIA who developed cardioembolic infarction exhibited more advanced severity. There is a need for direct oral anticoagulants that can be used safely in patients with comorbid AF and CKD