Plate on Plate Technique of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis in Distal Tibial Fractures, an Easy and Inexpensive Method of Fracture Fixation

Background: Plate on plate technique can lessen operative time and patient morbidity. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) using plate on plate technique of locking plate fixation for closed fractures of distal tibia in a prospective study. Patients and Methods: Twenty-five patients with distal tibial fractures were treated by MIPPO using locking plate by plate on plate technique. Preoperative variables including age of patient, mode of trauma, type of fracture and soft tissue status were recorded for each patient. Perioperative variables included surgical time and radiation exposure. Postoperative variables included wound status, time to union, return to activity and the American orthopaedic foot and ankle score (AOFAS). Results: All the fractures had united at one year. The average time to union was 16.8 weeks. There were two cases of superficial infection and two cases of deep infection, which required removal of hardware after the fracture was united. The average AO foot and ankle score was 83.6 in our study population. Conclusions: MIPPO using locking plate by plate on plate technique was a safe, effective, inexpensive and easily reproducible method for the treatment of distal tibial fractures in properly selected patients, which minimized operative time and soft tissue morbidity

Interpretasi Hakim Pengadilan Agama Malang Terhadap Pasal 55 UU No. 21 Tahun 2008 Tentang Perbankan Syariah

This research reveals three causes of authority intersection in section 55 regulation Number 21, year 2008 on sharia banking. First, the transition of Religious Court after regulation Number 33 year 2006 on the changing of regulation Number 7 year 1989 on Religious Court is legalized. Second, there is an image that General Court is more popular than Religious Court. Third, there is socio-political influence and particular interests within the process of formulating the regulation. Judges in Religious Court of Malang are divided into two groups in interpreting section 55 regulation Number 21 year 2008 on Sharia Banking. Firstly, those who apply historical interpretation method argue that the section gives option towards dispute resolution forum. Secondly, those who apply grammatical method stated that section 55 is a historic, because the content has been included in section 49 Regulation Number 3 Year 2006 on the changing of Regulation Number 7 year 1989 on Religious Court which has implication towards the authority reduction of Religious Court on sharia banking. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kan tiga sebab persinggungan kewenangan dalam pasal 55 UU Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 Tentang Perbankan Syariah. Pertama, adanya masa transisi bagi Peradilan Agama setelah disahkannya UU Nomor 3 Tahun 2006 Tentang Perubahan Atas UU Nomor 7 Tahun 1989 Tentang Peradilan Agama. Kedua, adanya image bahwa Peradilan Umum lebih populer dari Peradilan Agama. Ketiga, adanya pengaruh sosial politik dan berbagai kepentingan dalam proses Perumusan UU Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 Tentang Perbankan Syariah. Hakim Pengadilan Agama Malang terbagi dalam dua kelompok dalam menginterpretasikan pasal 55 UU Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 Tentang Perbankan Syariah. Pertama, kelompok yang menggunakan metode interpretasi sejarah berpendapat bahwa pasal 55 muncul untuk memberikan opsi terhadap forum penyelesai sengketa. Kedua, kelompok yang menggunakan metode gramatikal menyatakan, bahwa Pasal 55 UU Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 adalah ahistoris, karena keberadaannya telah ditampung dalam Pasal 49 UU Nomor 3 Tahun 2006 Tentang Perubahan Atas UU Nomor 7 Tahun 1989 Tentang Peradilan Agama yang berimplikasi pada tereduksinya kewenangan Pengadilan Agama di bidang perbankan syariah

Extraction and Determination of Chemical Ingredients from Stems of Silybum Marianum

High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and Inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES) have been used to analyze the extracts of Silybum marianum (milk thistle) stems for carbohydrates, flavonoid, phenolic acids, Fatty acids, amino acids, flavonolignans and metal ions content. Proximate compositions of milk thistle showed high carbohydrate content especially fructose, high ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acid content, a high ratio of essential amino acids especially histidine, and highest ratio of the biologically active flavolignin silybin A. The active antioxidant ingredient coumaric acid showed a highest concentration compared to other phenolic acids and analysis of metal ions showed that Si and Al was the major elements present in the stems of the herb. Keywords: Silybum Marianum, HPLC, ICP-OES, Carbohydrate, Flavonoid, Phenolic Aci

Pemetaan Preferensi Mahasiswa Baru Dalam Memilih Jurusan Menggunakan Artificial Neural Network (Ann) Dengan Algoritma Self Organizing Maps (Som)

College is the highest educational institution and the role the intellectual life of the Indonesian people that the main purpose of academics. Not all colleges into their destination but only college that has a role, credibility and rank the best course of which it is their goal. This makes higher education marketing research approach to get attention and become the main goal of the academics in choosing a college. This research was conducted in order to determine with certainty attribute / emotional reasons academics in choosing college as their academic goals. The method used in this study were self-organizing maps with the Kohonen algorithm is a classification method. Kohonen SOM algorithm with learning rate used 0:05, 0.25, 0:50, 0.75, 0.95 and initialization of initial weight value and the value of the midpoint and 500 iterations with output 3 clusters are formed. Results clustering of SOM validated using Davies-Bouldin index with the best clustering results that DBI minimum (1.7802) with the learning rate is 0.95 and the cluster formed three clusters for the first cluster as many as six members, cluster-2 by 9 members and 3rd cluster as 5 members the results of clustering with top priority contained in the cluster to-2 with a mean (7.434) with the characteristics of each member is an emotional reason in choosing a major