Immunohistochemical evaluation of neuronal dysfunction in paediatric patients with Hirschsprung’s disease and allied disorder

Background: Neonatal bowel obstruction may result due to defect in the intestine wall which may be classified as neuropathic, myopathic or idiopathic types according to the pathological changes observed. The present study was conducted between September 2014 to December 2015 with the aim to study histomorphological changes and evaluate the role of various IHC markers (calretinin, S-100, CD117) in Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) to assess neuronal dysfunction in these patients.Methods: Thirty cases with clinical suspicion of HD were included in our study. The tissue sections were processed and wax blocks were prepared. Histopathological diagnosis was established on routine H and E. Representative sections were further subjected to IHC staining with calretinin, CD117 and S-100 protein. A descriptive study was carried out. Chi-square was used with P-value less than 0.05 accepted as statistically significant.Results: Out of 30 cases with clinical suspicion of HD, 13 cases were diagnosed as HD, 10 as Non-HD motility disorder whereas 7 were without any definitive diagnosis. All the cases were subjected to IHC staining using calretinin. Out of 13 cases diagnosed as HD, 1 case showed presence of ganglion cell using calretinin. All 7 equivocal cases were accurately diagnosed by calretinin. Thus 12 cases were confirmed HD while 18 were diagnosed as Non HD motility disorder. On statistical analysis, sensitivity (92.3%) of calretinin was lower than specificity (100%). Nerve bundle hypertrophy was observed in 11 cases of HD and 9 cases of Non-HD motility disorder using S-100 as an IHC marker. CD117 was used to demonstrate altered density and distribution of ICCs was statistically significant in cases of Non-HD motility disorder.Conclusions: IHC is being widely used as a reliable adjunctive test in evaluation of motility disorders of bowel. In view of its ease and reproducibility, it can be routinely used, avoiding need for repeated biopsies, and delay in treatment

A Bibliographic Survey on Detection of COVID-19 Patients using various sensors in the field of IOT

Due to a pandemic situation arising from the past few decades and the covid -19 patients are increasing at the rapid rate. Looking in the near future an IOT model is build which can be useful for people in coming years and allows rapid testing and efficient testing methodologies using various sensors such as Temperature, Respiration, RFID etc which takes various parameters. The study focuses around 412 scientific documents such as Journals, articles, book chapters and Patents in various papers. These documents are extracted from the scopus databases after querying with the keywords related to covid patients and IOT. The articles were analysed for the time period of a few months. For this model, open source tools are used where analysis is done through Node XL, Gephi and VOSviewer. The survey prominently focuses on the type of publications, Publication by Country, Based on the geographical locations, Documents by Year, By Subject Area, By Affiliation and By Author. It was observed from the sides as English was a major language which was used in publishing of the documents. Study of Journal shows the sufficient contribution of Computer Science and Technology in detecting the Covid-19 patients

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Parotid Gland in a Young Female: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature

Solitary fibrous tumor is a rare tumor of the salivary gland. To date, 27 cases have been reported. The clinical and radiological features are the same as other lesions of the parotid gland. Hence, light microscopy and immunostaining is important to confirm the diagnosis. Fine needle aspiration cytology yield depends on the area sampled and can be inconclusive in many cases. Treatment of choice is complete surgical excision with regular long-term follow up. Most cases are benign, however three malignant cases have been reported. Here, we report a case of solitary fibrous tumor in the parotid gland seen in a 14-year old female diagnosed by histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry analysis