Spray and Wait Protocol based on Prophet with Dynamic Buffer Management in Delay Tolerant Network

Delay tolerant network is a challenged network where end-to-end connectivity does not exits.DTN are characterized by intermittent connectivity, high error rate and long delivery time. Routing is a major issue in Delay tolerant network. In order to route the information efficiently in such an environment researcher have proposed various classes of routing protocol. In this paper we studied three routing protocols namely epidemic, PRoPHET and Spray and Wait routing. When we consider routing protocols of DTNs, the buffer management scheme and forwarding decision are important to improve the opportunity of successful message delivery. In this paper, we propose improved Spray and Wait routing based on the delivery probability with dynamic buffer management to reduce irrelevant overhead to the node

Mitigating climate change through the income tax legislation : a brief analysis of section 12K of the Income Tax Act no. 58 of 1962 and its implications for South African CDM projects

[This] dissertation is dedicated to this attempt of making South Africa a more environmentally sustainable economy through the development of new CDM projects. This dissertation examines the introduction of section 12K in the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 and how this novel incentive interacts with our current income tax legislation. This dissertation highlights some issues surrounding the section 12K exemption which may detract from its true potential and proposes ways to resolve these issues in order to make this incentive more attractive to the CDM project developers

Sustainable biochemicals - Extraction of lipids and carotenoids from the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula toruloides

Oleaginous yeasts, with their high lipid accumulation, offer potential as sustainable alternatives to vegetable oils. They also have a unique capability for accumulating carotenoids together with lipids. Also, they have the ability to thrive on various waste and low-cost carbon sources. This thesis examined ways of converting lignocellulosic biomass into fatty acids and carotenoids using oleaginous yeasts and potential methods for extracting these valuable compounds efficiently, with the ultimate aim of establishing a foundation for their future incorporation as essential ingredients in the food and feed industries.Comprehensive investigations into the impact of conventional and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction methods on the composition of lipid and carotenoid extracts derived from the yeast species Rhodotorula toruloides revealed that SC-CO2 has promising capability for isolating these compounds, particularly carotenoids, unlike conventional extraction methods. A previously undetected adverse influence of including saponification in conventional methods on yield and composition of carotenoids was observed. This novel insight highlights the need for re-evaluating and refining existing lipid and carotenoid extraction methods. Further analysis of the lipid and carotenoid profiles of various R. toruloides strains yielded valuable insights, particularly concerning the hybrid strain CBS 6016T , for which predominant inheritance and expression of genetic traits from one parental strain (CBS 14), but not the other (CBS 349), was revealed. This research offers significant biotechnological potential. SC-CO2 extraction enhances eco-friendly lipid and carotenoid production in R. toruloides, while insights into hybrid strain CBS 6016T can aid genetic engineering for higher yields. Overall, this thesis opens the way toward greener, more efficient processes in the food, feed, and biotech sectors

Automating graphology using computer vision

Graphology is the science of studying an individual\u27s personality traits through handwriting analysis. In this thesis, we have automated the graphology process, particularly automating the pattern analysis of the handwriting and inference of the personality traits. The thesis is based off computer vision techniques to build a pipeline for automated graphology using handwritten text, camera and a microcomputing device. In this work, we consider the intricate details of a handwriting sample, like the size and slant variations, the various patterns formed in the writing of the text as visual features for computer vision training and processing. Our experimental analysis on ~100 users resulted in 90\% overall accuracy of the system in personality trait mapping using the user’s feedback as a baseline for evaluation

Sister acts:Nuns in Rumer Godden's Black Narcissus and at the Loreto Convents in India

This article draws into comparative conversation Rumer Godden's 1939 novel about nuns in the Himalayas, Black Narcissus, and the records of real-world nuns from the Loreto order in India. Through this comparison, we shed light on the under-studied field of nuns in India and on the intersection of gender and colonialism during the later period of colonial rule. Reading fiction against historical archives, we find that a novel that has been lauded for its anti-imperialist stance in fact retains elements of orientalism that dovetail with a misogynistic outlook. Meanwhile, an order that exhibited racist and colonialist tendencies also, despite and because of these, engineered a project with significant feminist purpose. This juxtaposition of Godden's novel and Loreto's internal archives reveals the ways in which white feminist goals can be at odds with anti-colonialist ones, but it also shows how the standard portrayal of nuns – represented by Godden's novel – as regressive and lacking agency does not hold up in the face of the historical record

The Paradigm shift from Conventional Mythology to the Vortex of Feminist ideology in Githa Hariharan’s The Thousand Faces of the Night

Githa Hariharan (born in 1954) is primarily known for her novel, The Thousand Faces of Night. She won the Commonwealth Writer's Prize for Best First Novel. But here she reveals herself as a master of the short narrative as well. The second published literary works of the renowned Indian English writer, The Art of Dying (1993) won wide applause for its relevant and bold theme. She is also a social activist who portrays social issues in her literary works. She belongs to the new generation of Indian writers who have earned greater visibility and readership for Indian English Literature. As a writer she is preoccupied with human condition which to her is the pre-requisite and the essence of creative writing in general and of literature in particular. Apparently, she chooses a small space for almost all her novels but endeavors to enlarge the limited space to such an extent that it becomes an elaborate presentation of human condition. Hariharan believes in inclusiveness, which extends and broadens an individual's social horizon. She thinks that writers have a socio‑political responsibility as well

CONTRIBUTION OF VANGASENA IN THE FIELD OF PANCHAKARMA

There are many references for Panchakarma in Brihat trayi and many Yogas for Shodhana therapy. Vangasena samhita is unique which covers all the subjects of Astangas with some specific Panchakarma procedures which are unique one. It contains many points explained in Brihat trayi along with some special things like Yogas, Matras.Yogas- mentioned some new Yogas for Shodhana (Aushadhi Kalpana)Matra -mentioned specific dosage of Snehapana and Dravya matra for Shodana based on Agni and Kostha.Speciality-some special Basti’s like Kshara basti and Vaitarana basti explained under the Amavata context which is most effective one.Highlights-For the first time mentioned Vardhamana matra of Snehapana with dosage and Vardhamana matra of Matra basti with dosage and duration.Many such unique concepts explained by Vangasena under Panchakarma. Most of the Yogas and procedure are not being in present day to day practice hence for the reason here an attempt made to highlight the important Yogas and concepts of Panchakarka explained by Vangasena and make implementation of concepts in practice for the maximum efficacy and beneficial