Heavy quark fragmentation functions at next-to-leading perturbative QCD

It is well-known that the dominant mechanism to produce hadronic bound states with large transverse momentum is fragmentation. This mechanism is described by the fragmentation functions (FFs) which are the universal and process-independent functions. Here, we review the perturbative FFs formalism as an appropriate tool for studying these hadronization processes and detail the extension of this formalism at next-to-leading order (NLO). Using the Suzuki's model, we calculate the perturbative QCD FF for a heavy quark to fragment into a S-wave heavy meson at NLO. As an example, we study the LO and NLO FFs for a charm quark to split into the S-wave $D$-meson and compare our analytic results both with experimental data and well-known phenomenological models

The cosmological bulk flow in QCDM model: (In)consistency with ΛCDM\Lambda CDM

We study the bulk flow of the local universe using Type Ia supernova data by considering a class of cosmological model which is spatially flat,(FRW) space-times and contains cold dark matter and $Q$ component (QCDM models) of the fluid as a scalar field, with self interactions determined by a potential $V(Q)=V_{0}Exp(-\lambda Q)$ evolving in Universe. We use different cumulative redshift slices of the Union 2 catalogue. A maximum-likelihood analysis of peculiar velocities confirms that at low redshift $0.015 <z<0.1$, bulk flow is moving towards the $(l; b) = (302^{o}\pm20^{o}; 3^{o}\pm10^{o})$ direction with $v _{bulk} = 240\pm 25kms^{-1}$ velocity. This direction is aligned with direction of (SSC) and agreement with a number previous studies at $(1-\sigma)$, however for high redshift $0.1 <z<0.2$, we get $v _{bulk} = 1000\pm 25kms^{-1}$ towards the $(l; b) = (254^{+16^{o}}_{-14^{o}}; 6^{+7^{o}}_{-10^{o}})$. This indicates that for low redshift our results are approximately consistent with the $\Lambda CDM$ model with the latest WMAP best fit cosmological parameters however for high redshift they are in disagreement of $\Lambda CDM$ and support the results of previous studies such as Kashlinsky et. al, which report the large bulk flow for the Universe. We can conclude that, in $QCDM$ model, at small scales, fluctuations of the dark energy are damped and do not enter in the evolution equation for the perturbations in the pressureless matter, while at very large scales $(\sim > 100 h^{-1}Mpc)$, they leaving an imprint on the microwave background anisotropy

The effect of naphthalene on endocrine disruptions in the stages of preheating and filtration of the fish of mead Liza klunzingeri

Without abstract

A Laboratory Study of Low-Temperature CO Removal from Mobile Exhaust Gas Using In-Plasma Catalysis

The combination of nonthermal plasma (NTP) with catalytic methods has been shown to improve catalyst light-off temperature via reactions among plasma discharge products and by-products. Thus, NTP may improve selectivity, process, and removal efficiency. In this study, NTP was combined with a catalytic film of mixed metal oxides (ceria-zirconia-gamma alumina layer) in the discharge zone to investigate low-temperature CO removal. Three different reactors having identical geometries were used: a plasma reactor, a catalytic reactor, and a hybrid plasma-catalytic reactor. The CO removal efficiency of 36.5 was achieved using hybrid plasma-catalytic reactor at 80 °C with 860 J/lit. The temperature and flow rate were found to have significant impacts (P-value � 0.05), which is unexpected due to the key role of hydroxyl and active radicals induced by plasma discharge. Calculated synergy factor of about 2 signals call for further study on the hybrid properties of catalytic efficiency and plasma physics for optimal CO removal. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Effects of benzo-α-pyren (BaP) on plasma levels of spermatogenesis related hormones (cortisol and testosterone) in functional male of yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus

The present study carried out to assess the effects of Benzo-α-Pyrene (BaP) as a serious member of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) on the plasma levels of cortisol and triiodothyronine (T3) hormones in male Seabream, Acanthopagrus latus (Sparidea). To assess the acute effects of BaP on the endocrine system, a group of fish was injected with dissolved BaP in sunflower oil (50mg/kg BaP in 2µg/l oil according to the body weight). Other fishes were injected with 2µg/l body weight as controls. Blood samples from both groups collected 3 hours after injection. In another protocol, the chronic effects of BaP on the plasma levels of cortisol and T3 were assessed. For this reason a group of fish was implanted with 50mg/kg BaP in 10µl/g coconut oil in respect to each fish body weight. As the previous protocol a control group was implanted with the same amount of oil without the BaP. Blood samples collected from both implanted groups (treatment and control) after 72 hours. According to the results, plasma levels of cortisol in yellowfin Seabream increased during both short time and long time exposure but T3 levels in the plasma decreased during the chronic stress of BaP exposure. It seems the cortisol levels are elevating to provide more energy requirement under the acute and chronic stress conditions by direct effect on glyconeogenesis and fast blood sugar level to be consumed by cells. T3 levels may be affected by inhibitory effect of Aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) which decreased it during long term exposure

The effectiveness of practical and lecture training methods on skill of electric technicians based on TIER model

Background and aims: One of the reasons of electric shocks is failure to provide efficient training to the individual. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of practical and lecture training methods on skill and ability of electrical technicians in recognizing and control electrical hazards by TIER model. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental (before and after type). First stage, training need assessment was conducted using DACUM model, being immediately followed by the pilot test results a sample of 61 workers of Steam Generator and 61 workers of Electric Generator were randomly selected. In second stage, two performance tests performed separately one month before and after treatment sessions then the validity and reliability of tests were calculated. Then selected intervention methods, 'Hands-on Practice' method for vapor generator personnel and 'Classroom' method for generator personnel, were assigned to the treatment groups within three sessions separately. Results: After education, scores of skill and ability in steam generator staff were 13.10, 15.27 and in generators staff group were 7.24, 11.81. And ability and skills scores in both groups showed significant differences (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Hands-on practice" was more effective than "lecture method" to increase firstaid skills and electrical hazard recognition abilities

Kinetics of oxygen evolution at alpha-Fe2O3 photoanodes: a study by photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Closed access. This article was published in the journal, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics [© Royal Society of Chemistry] and the definitive version is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C0CP02408BPhotoelectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (PEIS) has been used to characterize the kinetics of electron transfer and recombination taking place during oxygen evolution at illuminated polycrystalline α-Fe2O3 electrodes prepared by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition from a ferrocene precursor. The PEIS results were analysed using a phenomenological approach since the mechanism of the oxygen evolution reaction is not known a priori. The results indicate that the photocurrent onset potential is strongly affected by Fermi level pinning since the rate constant for surface recombination is almost constant in this potential region. The phenomenological rate constant for electron transfer was found to increase with potential, suggesting that the potential drop in the Helmholtz layer influences the activation energy for the oxygen evolution process. The PEIS analysis also shows that the limiting factor determining the performance of the α-Fe2O3 photoanode is electron–hole recombination in the bulk of the oxide

Effects of Cell Proteostasis Network on the Survival of SARS-CoV-2

The proteostasis network includes all the factors that control the function of proteins in their native state and minimize their non-functional or harmful reactions. The molecular chaperones, the important mediator in the proteostasis network can be considered as any protein that contributes to proper folding and assembly of other macromolecules, through maturating of unfolded or partially folded macromolecules, refolding of stress-denatured proteins, and modifying oligomeric assembly, otherwise it leads to their proteolytic degradation. Viruses that use the hosts� gene expression tools and protein synthesis apparatus to survive and replicate, are obviously protected by such a host chaperone system. This means that many viruses use members of the hosts� chaperoning system to infect the target cells, replicate, and spread. During viral infection, increase in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress due to high expression of viral proteins enhances the level of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and induces cell apoptosis or necrosis. Indeed, evidence suggests that ER stress and the induction of unfolded protein response (UPR) may be a major aspect of the corona-host virus interaction. In addition, several clinical reports have confirmed the autoimmune phenomena in COVID-19-patients, and a strong association between this autoimmunity and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Part of such autoimmunity is due to shared epitopes among the virus and host. This article reviews the proteostasis network and its relationship to the immune system in SARS-CoV-2 infection. © 2021, The Author(s)