Clinical and metabolic characteristics of patients according to TG/HDL-C tertiles.

<p>Clinical and metabolic characteristics of patients according to TG/HDL-C tertiles.</p

The relationship with insulin resistance of each combination of TG/HDL-C tertiles and WC quartiles.

<p>Each block of OR represents the OR as against the OR which the patients belonging to the first tertile of TG/HDL-C and the first quartile of WC. Abbreviations: WC:waist circumference; T:tertile; Q:quartile.</p

Association between Triglyceride to HDL-C Ratio (TG/HDL-C) and Insulin Resistance in Chinese Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>To explore the association between the triglyceride to HDL-C ratio (TG/HDL-C) and insulin resistance in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (272 men and 288 women) were enrolled and divided into three groups according to TG/HDL-C tertiles. Insulin resistance was defined by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Demographic information and clinical characteristics were obtained. Spearman’s correlation was used to estimate the association between TG/HDL-C and other variables. Multiple logistic regression analyses were adopted to obtain probabilities of insulin resistance. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted to evaluate the ability of TG/HDL-C to discriminate insulin resistance.</p><p>Results</p><p>TG/HDL-C was associated with insulin resistance in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed T2DM (Spearman’s correlation coefficient = 0.21, P < 0.01). Patients in the higher tertiles of TG/HDL-C had significantly higher HOMA-IR values than patients in the lower tertiles [T1: 2.68(1.74–3.70); T2: 2.96(2.29–4.56); T3: 3.09(2.30–4.99)]. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that TG/HDL-C was significantly associated with HOMA-IR, and patients in the higher TG/HDL-C tertile had a higher OR than those in the lower TG/HDL-C tertile, after adjusting for multiple covariates including indices for central obesity [T1: 1; T2: 4.02(1.86–8.71); T3: 4.30(1.99–9.29)]. Following stratification of waist circumference into quartiles, the effect of TG/HDL-C on insulin resistance remained significant irrespective of waist circumference.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>TG/HDL-C was associated with insulin resistance independent of waist circumference. Whether it could be a surrogate marker for insulin resistance in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus still needs to be confirmed by more researches.</p></div

Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for insulin resistance according to each tertile of TG/HDL-C.

<p>Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for insulin resistance according to each tertile of TG/HDL-C.</p

Gender-adjusted Spearman’s correlations between TG/HDL-C and other variables.

<p>Gender-adjusted Spearman’s correlations between TG/HDL-C and other variables.</p

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of TG/HDL-C, TG, and HDL-C for insulin resistance.

<p>The area under the ROC curve ± standard error (95% CI):TG/HDL-C: 0.70 ± 0.03(0.65–0.75); TG: 0.69 ± 0.03(0.64–0.74); HDL-C: 0.37 ± 0.03(0.31–0.42). Abbreviations: TG:triglyceride; HDL-C:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG/HDL-C:triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio.</p

Associations of lipid profiles with insulin resistance and β cell function in adults with normal glucose tolerance and different categories of impaired glucose regulation

<div><p>Aims</p><p>To investigate the associations of dyslipidemia with insulin resistance and β cell function in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and different categories of impaired glucose regulation (IGR).</p><p>Methods</p><p>544 subjects (365 with dyslipidemia and/or IGR and 179 with normal lipid and glucose tolerance) were enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). HOMA-IR was used to evaluate insulin sensitivity. Disposition index (DI) was used to evaluate β cell function. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess correlations among lipid profiles, insulin resistance and β cell function.</p><p>Results</p><p>Among subjects with NGT, those with dyslipidemia had higher level of HOMA-IR but lower level of DI. While among subjects with different categories of IGR, those with dyslipidemia and CGI had significantly decreased DI. No obvious differences of insulin resistance or β cell function were found in IFG or IGT subjects with or without dyslipidemia. TG and HDL-C were correlated with HOMA-IR (β = 0.79, p <0.001; β = -0.38, p = 0.027, respectively, compared with subjects in the low level groups). Moreover, TG and TC were negatively correlated with DI (β = -2.17, p = 0.013; β = -2.01, p = 0.034 respectively, compared with subjects in the low level groups) after adjusting for confounding parameters.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Dyslipidemia induces insulin resistance and impaired β cell response to insulin resistance in individuals with NGT. Furthermore, dyslipidemia diminishes β cell function in subjects with CGI. TG and HDL-C were correlated with insulin resistance, and TG, TC were negatively correlated with β cell response to insulin resistance in non-diabetic individuals.</p></div

Insulin resistance and β cell function evaluation in non-diabetic subjects with or without dyslipidemia.

<p>HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, DI: disposition index, NL: normal lipid, DL: dyslipidemia, NGT: normal glucose tolerance, IFG: impaired fasting glucose, IGT: impaired glucose tolerance, CGI: combined glucose intolerance. *P < 0.05 versus normal lipid (NL) group. Data were expressed as mean ± SD, which were calculated after adjusting for age, sex, SBP, DBP, BMI and WHR.</p

Univariate correlation between HOMA-IR/DI and various parameters.

<p>Univariate correlation between HOMA-IR/DI and various parameters.</p

Multiple regression analysis of lipid indices associated with DI.

<p>Multiple regression analysis of lipid indices associated with DI.</p