Deep Convolution and Correlated Manifold Embedded Distribution Alignment for Forest Fire Smoke Prediction

This paper proposes the deep convolution and correlated manifold embedded distribution alignment (DC-CMEDA) model, which is able to realize the transfer learning classification between and among various small datasets, and greatly shorten the training time. First, pre-trained Resnet50 network is used for feature transfer to extract smoke features because of the difficulty in training small dataset of forest fire smoke; second, a correlated manifold embedded distribution alignment (CMEDA) is proposed to register the smoke features in order to align the input feature distributions of the source and target domains; and finally, a trainable network model is constructed. This model is evaluated in the paper based on satellite remote sensing image and video image datasets. Compared with the deep convolutional integrated long short-term memory (DC-ILSTM) network, DC-CMEDA has increased the accuracy of video images by 1.50 %, and the accuracy of satellite remote sensing images by 4.00 %. Compared the CMEDA algorithm with the ILSTM algorithm, the number of iterations of the former has decreased to 10 times or less, and the algorithm complexity of CMEDA is lower than that of ILSTM. DC-CMEDA has a great advantage in terms of convergence speed. The experimental results show that DC-CMEDA can solve the problem of small sample smoke dataset detection and recognition

Analysis of Density Wave Oscillations in Helically Coiled Tube Once-Through Steam Generator

Helically coiled tube Once-Through Steam Generator (H-OTSG) is one of the key equipment types for small modular reactors. The flow instability of the secondary side of the H-OTSG is particularly serious, because the working condition is in the range of low and medium pressure. This paper presents research on density wave oscillations (DWO) in a typical countercurrent H-OTSG. Based on the steady-state calculation, the mathematical model of single-channel system was established, and the transfer function was derived. Using Nyquist stability criterion of the single variable, the stability cases were studied with an in-house computer program. According to the analyses, the impact law of the geometrical parameters to the system stability was obtained. RELAP5/MOD3.2 code was also used to simulate DWO in H-OTSG. The theoretical analyses of the in-house program were compared to the simulation results of RELAP5. A correction factor was introduced to reduce the error of RELAP5 when modeling helical geometry. The comparison results agreed well which showed that the correction is effective

Desulfurization of low rank coal co-pyrolysis with reduced iron powder followed by dry magnetic separation

Organic sulfur in coal is usually integrated with macromolecular skeleton structure of organic components and hence difficult to remove through physical separation. Chemical leaching and biological treatments are considered as the effective methods for the removal of organic sulfur from coal, however these treatment processes require huge investment and long treatment period. In this paper, low rank coal co-pyrolysis with reduced iron powder (Fe powder) and then followed by dry magnetic separation was used to reduce the sulfur content of low rank coal. After dry magnetic separation, the organic sulfur content can be reduced from 2.00% for low rank coal before the pyrolysis to 0.33% for the coal after 700 °C co-pyrolysis with Fe powder at the coal/Fe-powder mass ratio of 4:1. However, the organic sulfur content can be only reduced to 1.28% for the coal after 700 °C pyrolysis without Fe powder. The Fe powder can promote/enhance the decomposition of organic sulfur and the released sulfur can be bonded with Fe powder to form the sulfocompounds which is separated along with the Fe powder during dry magnetic separation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to indicate the sulfur forms in the separated Fe powder (namely magnetic tailings) and showed the magnetic tailings contained more FeS and FeS compounds than the Fe powder before the pyrolysis. The magnetic tailings contained about 4.6% sulfur content at the co-pyrolysis temperature of 700 °C while the sulfur content of the Fe powder before the pyrolysis was nearly zero. A large proportion of organic sulfur was transferred to the Fe powder and then was separated along with the magnetic tailings by dry magnetic separation

Ultrasonic flotation cleaning of high-ash lignite and its mechanism

Lignite, as a low rank coal reserve plays an important role in energy supply. However, fine lignite is difficult to upgrade using the conventional flotation because of its high surface hydrophilicity. This investigation was to enhance the flotation recovery of high-ash lignite combined with wet-screening, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and induction time measurer to reveal the mechanism of simultaneous ultrasonic treatment enhancing the lignite flotation. Flotation results indicate the clean coal yield is greatly increased whereas the clean coal ash content is highly reduced by simultaneous ultrasonic flotation compared with the conventional flotation. SEM and XPS results show coal surface is physically cleaned and hence the clay coating is reduced by simultaneous ultrasonic flotation. The removal of high-ash mineral particles from coal surface benefits the coal-bubble attachment. Furthermore, ultrasonic treatment creates many micro-bubbles that enhance the floatability of lignite through micro-bubble-based coating on coal surface. The micro-bubbles play a bridging role in the coal-bubble attachment. The water film on lignite surface may be also unstable and easy to rupture during bubble-coal attachment under the condition of ultrasonic treatment

Cell Line-Dependent Variability of Coordinate Expression of p75NTR and CRABP1 and Modulation of Effects of Fenretinide on Neuroblastoma Cells

Neuroblastoma is a childhood neural crest tumor. Fenretinide, a retinoic acid analogue, induces accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and consequent apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) enhances the antineuroblastoma cell efficacy of fenretinide in vitro. We examined the role of the retinoid binding protein, CRABP1, in p75NTR-mediated potentiation of the efficacy of fenretinide. Knockdown and overexpression, respectively, of either p75NTR or CRABP1 were effected in neuroblastoma cell lines using standard techniques. Expression was determined by qRT-PCR and confirmed at the protein level by Western blot. Metabolic viability was determined by Alamar blue assay. While protein content of CRABP1 correlated roughly with that of p75NTR in the three neuroblastoid or epithelioid human neuroblastoma cell lines studied, manipulation of p75NTR expression resulted in cell line-dependent, variable change in CRABP1 expression. Furthermore, in some cell lines, induced expression of CRABP1 in the absence of p75NTR did not alter cell sensitivity to fenretinide treatment. The effects of manipulation of p75NTR expression on CRABP1 expression and the effects of CRABP1 expression on fenretinide efficacy are therefore neuroblastoma cell line-dependent. Potentiation of the antineuroblastoma cell effects of fenretinide by p75NTR is not mediated solely through CRABP1

sj-pdf-1-ijs-10.1177_10668969241231971 - Supplemental material for Cribriform-morular Thyroid Carcinoma Arising in a Medulloblastoma Survivor: Two Metachronous Tumors Shared with the Activation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-ijs-10.1177_10668969241231971 for Cribriform-morular Thyroid Carcinoma Arising in a Medulloblastoma Survivor: Two Metachronous Tumors Shared with the Activation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway by Minghua Luo, Yaoli Chen, Xiaomin Yin and Jian Li in International Journal of Surgical Pathology</p

Role of airway epithelial cells in development of asthma and allergic rhinitis

SummaryAsthma and allergic rhinitis frequently coexist in the same patient. There is a similarity and variation as well as potential relationship between asthma and allergic rhinitis. There is an increasing evidence to suggest a major involvement of airway epithelial cells in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergic rhinitis. The present review describes the importance of the airway epithelial cell in the development of allergic airway diseases, its role as the primary airway defense against exposure of the airway and lung to inflammatory stimuli and antigens and as an important player through activation of epithelial Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to provide an important link between innate immunity and allergic disease. Additionally, airway epithelial cells can act as inflammatory promoters capable of directing dendritic cells (DCs) towards a T helper 2 (Th2) response, and as active producers of several inflammatory/anti-inflammatory mediators. It is hypothesized that airway epithelial cells may play as both inflammatory initiator and immuno-pathological feedback regulation between allergic rhinitis and asthma via release of systemic inflammatory mediators. Thus, airway epithelial cells may be valuable therapeutic targets for discovery and development of new drugs and/or new therapeutic strategies to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis

Induction of Expression of p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Intracellular Domain Does Not Induce Expression or Enhance Activity of Mitochondrial Complex II

Fenretinide is a chemotherapeutic agent in clinical trials for the treatment of neuroblastoma, among the most common and most deadly cancers of childhood. Fenretinide induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells through accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species released from Complex II. The neurotrophin receptor, p75NTR, potentiates this effect. The signaling activity of p75NTR is dependent upon its cleavage to its intracellular domain, p75ICD, trafficking of p75ICD to the nucleus, and functioning of p75ICD as a transcription factor. Mitochondrial Complex II comprises 4 subunits, all of which are encoded by nuclear DNA. We therefore hypothesized that the fenretinide-potentiating effects of p75NTR are the result of transcriptional enrichment of Complex II by p75ICD. However, the present studies demonstrate that neither induced expression of p75ICD or its active fragments nor overexpression of p75NTR results in altered expression or activity of Complex II