Impact of dyslipidemia on 24-h urine composition in adults without urolithiasis

Abstract Purposes To evaluate the influence of dyslipidemia on 24-h urine composition in adults who were non-stone formers (NF). Methods Samples for 24-h urine composition were analyzed from 584 NF adults without urolithiasis in a national six-city-based epidemiologic study. The samples were divided into groups based on total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The groups were compared based on demographic data and each component of 24-h urinalysis. Results The numbers of participants in high TG, high TC, high LDL, and low HDL were 106, 175, 147, and 59, respectively. The high TG group had increased urinary excretions of oxalate [mean difference (MD) = 0.032 mmol, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.000–0.065] and potassium (MD = 4.298 mmol, 95%CI: 0.182–8.414). Increased urinary excretion of calcium (MD = 0.531 mmol, 95%CI: 0.061–1.001), sodium (MD = 41.561 mmol, 95%CI: 9.179–73.942), and chloride (MD = 45.209 mmol, 95%CI: 12.118–78.299) were found in the high TC group. Interestingly, the high LDL group had a decreased urinary excretion of calcium (MD = − 0.573 mmol, 95%CI: -1.048 to − 0.097), oxalate (MD = − 0.038 mmol, 95%CI: -0.07 to − 0.006), sodium (MD = − 53.285 mmol, 95%CI: -85.823 to − 20.748), and chloride (MD = − 55.809 mmol, 95%CI: -89.035 to − 22.583). Increased urinary excretions of citrate (MD = 0.455 mmol, 95%CI: 0.076–0.835) and magnesium (MD = 0.697 mmol, 95%CI: 0.244–1.149) were found in the low HDL group. Conclusions The present study first investigated the effects of dyslipidemia on 24-h urinalysis in NF adults. Of note, high LDL and low HDL were found to be adversely related to kidney stone formation. However, people with high TG and high TC should be cautious of getting kidney stones

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).

<p>The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).</p

Subgroup analysis based on countries.

<p>Subgroup analysis based on countries.</p

Association between vasectomy and risk of testicular cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>A number of researchers have reported that vasectomy is a risk factor for testicular cancer. However, this conclusion is inconsistent with a number of other published articles. Hence, we conducted this meta-analysis to assess whether vasectomy increases the risk of testicular cancer.</p><p>Materials and methods</p><p>We identified all related studies by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library database from January 01, 1980 to June 01, 2017. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was used to assess all included non-randomized studies. Summarized odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the difference in outcomes between case and control groups. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the study design and country.</p><p>Results</p><p>A total of eight studies (2176 testicular cancer patients) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Six articles were case-control studies, and two were cohort studies. The pooled estimate of the OR was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.93–1.30) based on the eight studies in a fixed effects model. Two subgroup analyses were performed according to the study design and country. The results were consistent with the overall findings. Publication bias was detected by Begg’s test and Egger’s test and <i>p</i> values > 0.05, respectively.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Our meta-analysis suggested that there was no association between vasectomy and the development of testicular cancer. More high-quality studies are warranted to further explore the association between vasectomy and risk of testicular cancer.</p></div

Flow diagram of studies selection process.

<p>Flow diagram of studies selection process.</p

Funnel plots.

<p>Funnel plots.</p

The characteristics of qualified researches.

<p>The characteristics of qualified researches.</p

Subgroup analysis of case-control studies.

<p>Subgroup analysis of case-control studies.</p